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Exosome-Transmitted miR-224-5p Promotes Colorectal Cancer Cell Proliferation via Targeting ULK2 in p53-Dependent Manner

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期37卷 71-84页

作者： YANG Le Mei ZHENG Qi liU Xiao Jia li xian xian Veronica lim CHEN Qi ZHAO Zhong Hua WANG Shu Yang Department of Pathology School of Basic MedicineFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Department of Pathology Dunedin School of MedicineUniversity of OtagoDunedin 9054New Zealand Department of Pathology Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200040China Shanghai Cancer Institute Renji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200127China Teladoc Health Inc Shanghai 200335China Shanghai Medical College Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention Shanghai 200032China

Objective To investigate the role and molecular mechanism of exosomal miR-224-5p in colorectal cancer(CRC).Methods The miR-224-5p expression in CRC patient tissues and cell-derived exosomes was measured by laser capture microdissection and qRT-PCR,***-luciferase reporter gene assay was used to determine the target gene of *** protein expressions of p53 and unc-51 like kinase 2(ULK2)in CRC cells were detected by western *** cytometry was used to detect cell cycle and *** proliferation was measured by CCK8 and EdU *** The miR-224-5p expression was upregulated in CRC tissues and increased progressively with the rise of CRC *** cells secreted extracellular miR-224-5p mainly in an exosome-dependent manner,and then miR-224-5p could be transferred to surrounding tumor cells to regulate cell proliferation in the form of autocrine or ***,ULK2 was characterized as a direct target of miR-224-5p and was downregulated in CRC ***,ULK2 inhibited CRC cell proliferation in a p53-dependent ***,exosome-derived miR-224-5p partially reversed the proliferation regulation of ULK2 on CRC *** Our findings demonstrate that exosome-transmitted miR-224-5p promotes p53-dependent cell proliferation by targeting ULK2 in CRC,which may offer promising targets for CRC prevention and therapy.

关键词： miR-224-5p Exosome ULK2 p53 Cell proliferation Colorectal cancer

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Data complexity-based batch sanitization method against poison in distributed learning

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第2期10卷 416-428页

作者： Silv Wang Kai Fan Kuan Zhang hui li Yintang Yang State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks Xidian UniversityXi'an710126China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE68588USA Key Lab.of the Minist.of Educ.for Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Materials and Devices Xidian UniversityXi'an710071China

The security of Federated Learning(FL)/Distributed Machine Learning(DML)is gravely threatened by data poisoning attacks,which destroy the usability of the model by contaminating training samples,so such attacks are called causative availability indiscriminate *** the problem that existing data sanitization methods are hard to apply to real-time applications due to their tedious process and heavy computations,we propose a new supervised batch detection method for poison,which can fleetly sanitize the training dataset before the local model *** design a training dataset generation method that helps to enhance accuracy and uses data complexity features to train a detection model,which will be used in an efficient batch hierarchical detection *** model stockpiles knowledge about poison,which can be expanded by retraining to adapt to new *** neither attack-specific nor scenario-specific,our method is applicable to FL/DML or other online or offline scenarios.

关键词： Distributed machine learning security Federated learning Data poisoning attacks Data sanitization Batch detection Data complexity

Solvation Engineering via Fluorosurfactant Additive Toward Boosted lithium-Ion Thermoelectrochemical Cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第4期16卷 253-268页

作者： Yinghong Xu Zhiwei li Langyuan Wu hui Dou Xiaogang Zhang Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies College of Material Science and TechnologyNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 211106People’s Republic of China

lithium-ion thermoelectrochemical cell(LTEC), featuring simultaneous energy conversion and storage, has emerged as promising candidate for low-grade heat harvesting. However, relatively poor thermosensitivity and heat-to-current behavior limit the application of LTECs using liPF_6 electrolyte. Introducing additives into bulk electrolyte is a reasonable strategy to solve such problem by modifying the solvation structure of electrolyte ions. In this work, we develop a dual-salt electrolyte with fluorosurfactant(FS) additive to achieve high thermopower and durability of LTECs during the conversion of low-grade heat into electricity. The addition of FS induces a unique li~+ solvation with the aggregated double anions through a crowded electrolyte environment,resulting in an enhanced mobility kinetics of li~+ as well as boosted thermoelectrochemical performances. By coupling optimized electrolyte with graphite electrode, a high thermopower of 13.8 mV K^(-1) and a normalized output power density of 3.99 mW m^(–2) K^(–2) as well as an outstanding output energy density of 607.96 J m^(-2) can be *** results demonstrate that the optimization of electrolyte by regulating solvation structure will inject new vitality into the construction of thermoelectrochemical devices with attractive properties.

关键词： Solvation engineering Fluorosurfactant Ionic thermoelectric lithium-ion thermoelectrochemical cell Low-grade heat

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Quantum dot-enabled infrared hyperspectral imaging with single-pixel detection

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light(Science & Applications) 2024年第6期13卷 1112-1121页

作者： Heyan Meng Yuan Gao Xuhong Wang xianye li lili Wang xian Zhao Baoqing Sun School of Information Sciences and Engineering Shandong UniversityQingdaoChina Center for Optics Research and Engineering(CORE) Key Laboratory of Laser&Infrared System(Shandong University)Ministry of EducationShandong UniversityQingdaoChina School of Mechanical Electrical and Information EngineeringShandong UniversityWeihaiChina

Near-infrared(NIR)hyperspectral imaging is a powerful technique that enables the capture of three-dimensional(3D)spectra-spatial information within the NIR spectral range,offering a wide array of ***,the high cost associated with InGaAs focal plane array(FPA)has impeded the widespread adoption of NIR hyperspectral *** this challenge,in this study,we adopt an alternative approach—single-pixel detection for NIR hyperspectral *** investigation reveals that single-pixel detection outperforms conventional FPA,delivering a superior signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)for both spectral and imaging *** implement this strategy,we leverage self-assembled colloidal quantum dots(CQDs)and a digital micromirror device(DMD)for NIR spectral and spatial information multiplexing,complemented by single-pixel detection for simultaneous spectral and image *** experimental results demonstrate successful NIR hyperspectral imaging with a detection window about 600 nm and an average spectral resolution of 8.6 nm with a pixel resolution of 128×*** resulting spectral and spatial data align well with reference instruments,which validates the effectiveness of our *** circumventing the need for expensive and bulky FPA and wavelength selection components,our solution shows promise in advancing affordable and accessible NIR hyperspectral imaging technologies,thereby expanding the range of potential applications.

关键词： spectral Quantum mirror

Tracking direct and indirect impact on technology and policy of transformative research via ego citation network

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Journal of Data and Information Science 2024年第3期9卷 65-87页

作者： xian li Xiaojun Hu College of Computer and Information Science Southwest UniversityChongqing 400037China Medical Information Center Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310058China

Purpose:The disseminating of academic knowledge to nonacademic audiences partly relies on the transition of subsequent citing *** study aims to investigate direct and indirect impact on technology and policy originating from transformative research based on ego citation ***/methodology/approach:Key Nobel Prize-winning publications(NPs)in fields of gene engineering and astrophysics are regarded as a proxy for transformative *** this contribution,we introduce a network-structural indicator of citing patents to measure technological impact of a target article and use policy citations as a preliminary tool for policy ***:The results show that the impact on technology and policy of NPs are higher than that of their subsequent citation generations in gene engineering but not in *** limitations:The selection of Nobel Prizes is not balanced and the database used in this study,Dimensions,suffers from incompleteness and inaccuracy of citation *** implications:Our findings provide useful clues to better understand the characteristics of transformative research in technological and policy ***/value:This study proposes a new framework to explore the direct and indirect impact on technology and policy originating from transformative research.

关键词： Transformative research Nobel Prize winning articles Citation networks Technological impact Policy impact

Three-stage niobium mineralization at Bayan Obo, China

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 102-110页

作者： Yan Yu Yang li Yu liu Xiao-Xiao ling li-Guang Wu li Yang Lan Yang Bo Yang Yong-Gang Zhao xian-Hua li State Key Laboratory of lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Earth and Planetary Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution School of Earth and Space SciencesPeking University Mining Research Institute Baotou Iron and Steel(Group) Co.LTD State Key Laboratory of Baiyunobo Rare Earth Resource Research and Comprehensive Utilization

The Chinese Bayan Obo deposit is a world-class rare earth element(REE) deposit with considerable niobium(Nb) and iron(Fe) resources. A complete genetic understanding on all metals is fundamental for establishing genetic models at Bayan Obo. With extensive research being focused on REE enrichment, the timing and controls of Nb enrichment remain unresolved at Bayan Obo, which is mainly due to the challenges in dating, i.e. multistage thermal events, fine-grained minerals with complex textures and the rare occurrence of uranium-enriched minerals with mature dating methods. Based on robust geological and petrographic frameworks, here we conducted ion probe uranium-lead(U-Pb) dating of ferrocolumbite to unravel the timing, hence the genesis of Nb mineralization. Three types of hydrothermal ferrocolumbites—key Nb-bearing minerals—are identified based on their textures and mineral assemblages. They yield U-Pb ages of 1312 ± 47 Ma(n = 99), 438 ± 7 Ma(n = 93), and 268 ± 5 Ma(n = 19), respectively. In line with deposit geology, we tentatively link the first, second and third stage Nb mineralization to Mesoproterozoic carbonatite magmatism, ubiquitous early Paleozoic hydrothermal activity, and Permian granitic magmatism, respectively. While quantifying the contribution of metal endowment from each stage requires further investigation, our new dates highlight that multi-stage mineralization is critical for Nb enrichment at Bayan Obo, which may also have implications for the enrichment mechanism of Nb in REE deposits in general.

关键词： niobium mineralization U-Pb dating ferrocolumbite Bayan Obo

Effects of cooling rate on microstructure and microhardness of directionally solidified Galvalume alloy

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China Foundry 2024年第3期21卷 213-220页

作者： Ji-peng li De-gao Qiao Jian li Xiao-yang Luo Peng Peng xian-tao Yan Xu-dong Zhang Gansu Jiu Steel Group Hongxing Iron and Steel Co. Ltd.Jiayuguan 735111GansuChina School of Materials and Energy Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

The influences of cooling rate on the phase constitution,microstructural length scale,and microhardness of directionally solidified Galvalume(Zn-55Al-1.6Si)alloy were investigated by directional solidification experiments at different withdrawal speeds(5,10,20,50,100,200,and 400μm·s^(-1)).The results show that the microstructure of directionally solidified Galvalume alloys is composed of primary Al dendrites,Si-rich phase and(Zn-Al-Si)ternary eutectics at the withdrawal speed ranging from 5 to 400μm·s^(-1).As the withdrawal speed increases,the segregation of Si element intensifies,resulting in an increase in the area fraction of the Si-rich *** addition,the primary Al dendrites show significant refinement with an increase in the withdrawal *** relationship between the primary dendrite arm spacing(λ_(1))and the thermal parameters of solidification is obtained:λ_(1)=127.3V^(-0.31).Moreover,as the withdrawal speed increases from 5 to 400μm·s^(-1),the microhardness of the alloy increases from 90 HV to 151 *** is a combined effect of grain refinement and second-phase strengthening.

关键词： Galvalume alloy directional solidification microstructure length scale microhardness

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A program logic for obstruction-freedom

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第6期18卷 1-16页

作者： li Zhao-hui FENG Xin-Yu School of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Department of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University

Though obstruction-free progress property is weaker than other non-blocking properties including lock-freedom and wait-freedom, it has advantages that have led to the use of obstruction-free implementations for software transactional memory (STM) and in anonymous and fault-tolerant distributed computing. However, existing work can only verify obstruction-freedom of specific data structures (e.g., STM and list-based algorithms).In this paper, to fill this gap, we propose a program logic that can formally verify obstruction-freedom of practical implementations, as well as verify linearizability, a safety property, at the same time. We also propose informal principles to extend a logic for verifying linearizability to verifying obstruction-freedom. With this approach, the existing proof for linearizability can be reused directly to construct the proof for both linearizability and ***, we have successfully applied our logic to verifying a practical obstruction-free double-ended queue implementation in the first classic paper that has proposed the definition of obstruction-freedom.

关键词： verification program logic progress properties obstruction-freedom concurrent objects

Broadening environmental research in the era of accurate protein structure determination and predictions

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 169-178页

作者： Mingda Zhou Tong Wang Ke Xu Han Wang Zibin li Wei-xian Zhang Yayi Wang State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological SecurityCollege of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-like Intelligence Shanghai Fourth People's HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai 200434China

The deep-learning protein structure prediction method AlphaFold2 has garnered enormous attention beyond the realm of structural biology,for its groundbreaking contribution to solving the"protein foiding problem"In this perspective,we explore the connection between protein structure studies and environmental research,delving into the potential for addressing specific environmental *** are promising for environmental applications because of the functional diversity endowed by their structural ***,structural studies on proteins with environmental significance remain ***,we present the opportunity to study proteins by advancing experimental determination and deep-learning prediction ***,the latest progress in environmental research via cryogenic electron microscopy is *** allows us to determine the structure of protein complexes in their native state within cells at molecular resolution,revealing environmentally-associated structural *** the remarkable advancements in computational power and experimental resolution,the study of protein structure and dynamics has reached unprecedented depth and *** advancements will undoubtedly accelerate the establishment of comprehensive environmental protein structural and functional *** opportunities for protein engineering exist to enable innovative solutions for environmental applications,such as the degradation of persistent contaminants,and the recovery of valuable metals as well as rare earth elements.

关键词： Environmental proteins Protein structure Cryogenic electron microscopy Protein structure prediction Protein engineering Artificial Intelligence