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Electromagnetic pulses produced by a picosecond laser interacting with solid targets

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第5期33卷 430-436页

作者：牛爱慧康宁许国潇谢佳节滕建刘会亚孙明营李廷帅 School of Materials and Energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China Key Laboratory on High Power Laser and Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory Research Center of Laser FusionChina Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621900China

A high-power laser ablating solid targets induces giant electromagnetic pulses(EMPs),which are intimately pertinent to laser parameters,such as energy and pulse *** this study,we reveal the features of EMPs generated from a picosecond(ps)laser irradiating solid targets at the SG-Ⅱpicosecond petawatt(PSPW)laser *** laser energy and pulse,as well as target material and thickness,show determinative effects on the EMPs’*** intense EMPs are detected behind targets compared to those at the other three positions,and the EMP amplitude decreases from 90.09 kV/m to 17.8 kV/m with the gold target thickness increasing from 10μm to 20μm,which is suppressed when the laser pulse width is *** results are expected to provide more insight into EMPs produced by ps lasers coupling with targets and lay the foundation for an effective EMP shielding design in high-power laser infrastructures.

关键词： laser electromagnetic pulse target proton

GRB 210610B:The Internal and External Plateau as Evidence for the Delayed Outflow of Magnetar

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第7期24卷 170-180页

作者： Yi-Ning Wei Xiang-Gao Wang Da-Bin Lin Wei-Kang Zheng Liang-Jun Chen Sheng-Yu yan Shuang-Xi Yi Qi Wang Zi-Min Zhou hui-ya liu En-Wei Liang Guangxi Key Laboratory for Relativistic Astrophysics School of Physical Science and TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China GXU-NAOC Center for Astrophysics and Space Sciences Nanning 530004China Department of Astronomy University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720-3411USA Department of Physics and Tsinghua Center for Astrophysics(THCA) Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Physics and Physical Engineering Qufu Normal UniversityQufu 273165China

After launching a jet,outflows of magnetar were used to account for the achromatic plateau of afterglow and the early X-ray flux plateau known as“internal plateau”.The lack of detecting magnetic dipole emission together with the energy injection feature in a single observation poses confusion until the long gamma-ray burst(GRB)210610B is *** 210610B is presented with an optical bump following an early X-ray plateau during the afterglow *** plateau followed by a steep decline flux overlays in the steadily decaying X-ray flux with indexα_(X,1)~2.06,indicating an internal origin and that can be fitted by the spin-down luminosity law with the initial plateau luminosity log_(10)L_(X)~48.29 erg s~(-1)and the characteristic spin-down timescale T~2818 s.A subsequent bump begins at~4000 s in the R band with a rising indexα_(R,1)~-0.30 and peaks at~14125 s,after which a decay indexα_(R,2)~0.87 and finally transiting to a steep decay withα_(R,3)~1.77 achieve the closure relation of the external shock for the normal decay phase as well as the magnetar spin-down energy injection phase,provided that the average value of the photon indexΓ_γ=1.80 derived from the spectral energy distributions(SEDs)between the X-ray and optical *** closure relation also works for the late X-ray *** to the traditional picture of GRB,the outflow powers the early X-ray plateau by dissipating energy internally and collides with the leading decelerating blast burst as time goes on,which could interpret the exotic feature of GRB *** carry out a Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation and obtain a set of best parameters:■.The artificial light curve can fit the afterglow data *** that,we estimated the average Lorentz factor and the X-ray radiation efficiency of the later ejecta are 35%and 0.13%,respectively.

关键词： (stars)gamma-ray burst individual(GRB 210610B)-(stars)gamma-ray burst general-stars jets

含炔键的聚合物给体材料设计合成及在有机太阳能电池中的性能研究

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高分子学报 2024年第1期55卷 48-57页

作者：李大伟马雪晴崔新悦陈亚男魏楠言行李翠红刘玉强刘亚辉薄志山北京师范大学化学学院能量转换与存储材料北京市重点实验室北京100875 青岛大学纺织服装学院生物多糖纤维成形与生态纺织国家重点实验室青岛266071

利用结构简单、成本低廉的初始原料,设计合成了主链含炔键的聚合物给体材料PBEA-F和PBEA.由于炔键的强吸电子能力,分子的最高占有轨道能级(HOMO)得以降低,使得聚合物的带隙变宽.同时,引入炔键的聚合物给体材料与受体小分子材料BTP-eC9-4... 详细信息

利用结构简单、成本低廉的初始原料,设计合成了主链含炔键的聚合物给体材料PBEA-F和PBEA.由于炔键的强吸电子能力,分子的最高占有轨道能级(HOMO)得以降低,使得聚合物的带隙变宽.同时,引入炔键的聚合物给体材料与受体小分子材料BTP-eC9-4F共混制备有机太阳能电池器件,可实现较低的非辐射能量损失与高的开路电压(open circuit voltage,Voc).最终基于PBEA的器件可得到0.91 eV的Voc、20.70 mA/cm^(2)的短路电流密度(short-circuit current density,Jsc)和10.39%的能量转化效率(power conversion efficiency,PCE),远高于PBEA-F器件的PCE (5.50%).

关键词：有机太阳能电池炔键给体材料简单易合成

Quasi-In-Situ EBSD Observation of the Orientation Evolution in Polycrystalline Tantalum During Rolling Deformation

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2019年第8期32卷 1015-1020页

作者： ya-hui liu Shi-Feng liu Chao Deng Hai-yang Fan Qing liu College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Electron Microscopy Center of Chongqing University Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Department of Mechanical Engineering KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium

The evolution of crystallographic orientation of polycrystalline tantalum(Ta)during rolling was characterized by electron backscatter diffraction technique in a quasi-in-situ way,and the microstructure and microtexture before and after the deformation were characterized and analyzed,*** the specimen,164 individual grains were exacted singly from the testing region and their corresponding orientations were reconstructed and analyzed,*** show that the heterogeneous deformation in a grain can be reflected by the accidented surface ***,the orientations close to{111}orientations came closer to the{111}corner,while the orientation evolution is more complicated for the orientations close{100}corner,indicating that the evolution of these orientations close to{100}corner seemed to be irregular.

关键词： Tantalum Orientation Quasi-in-situ Rolling

Using highly concentrated chloride solutions to leach valuable metals from cathode-active materials in spent lithium-ion batteries

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Rare Metals 2021年第7期40卷 1971-1978页

作者： Ai-Fei Yi Zhao-Wu Zhu ya-hui liu Jian Zhang hui Su Tao Qi National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101407China

This study focused on the extraction of valuable metals from the cathode-active materials in spent lithiumion batteries using a high-concentration chloride *** effects of the concentrations of ammonium chloride(NH4 Cl),hydrochloric acid(HCl),and reductants such as hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))and urea(CO(NH_(2))_(2))on metal extraction and chlorine production were studied *** leaching mechanism was analyzed,and a leaching model was *** was found that the addition of solid NH4 Cl to an HCl solution significantly improved the metal extraction capability of the latter and reduced the formation of chlorine gas by 96.0%compared to that only using *** activation energies for leaching Li,Ni,Co,and Mn were determined to be 30.4,38.5,30.6,and 38.2 kJ·mol^(-1),*** study demonstrates an environmentally friendly method for recycling metal resources from cathode-active materials and furthers understanding of how NH4 Cl inhibits chlorine production when leaching with mixed solutions of HCl and NH4 Cl.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries Hydrochloric acid Ammonium chloride Chlorine gas

City-Bus-Route Demand-based Efficient Coupling Driving Control for Parallel Plug-in Hybrid Electric Bus

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2018年第3期31卷 168-178页

作者： Qin-Pu Wang Chao yang ya-hui liu Yuan-Bo Zhang Zhongtong Bus Hold Co. Ltd. State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy Tsinghua University

Recently,plug?in hybrid electric bus has been one of the energy?e cient solutions for urban transportation. However,the current vehicle e ciency is far from optimum,because the unpredicted external driving conditions are di cult to be obtained in advance. How to further explore its fuel?saving potential under the complicated city bus driving cycles through an e cient control strategy is still a hot research issue in both academic and engineering area. To realize an e cient coupling driving operation of the hybrid powertrain,a novel coupling driving control strategy for plug?in hybrid electric bus is presented. Combined with the typical feature of a city?bus?route,the fuzzy logic inference is employed to quantify the driving intention,and then to determine the coupling driving mode and the gear?shifting strategy. Considering the response deviation problem in the execution layer,an adaptive robust controller for electric machine is designed to respond to the transient torque demand,and instantaneously compensate the response delay and the engine torque fluctuation. The simulations and hard?in?loop tests with the actual data of two typical driving conditions from the real?world city?bus?route are carried out,and the results demonstrate that the pro?posed method could guarantee the hybrid powertrain to track the actual torque demand with 10.4% fuel economy improvement. The optimal fuel economy can be obtained through the optimal combination of working modes. The fuel economy of plug?in hybrid electric bus can be significantly improved by the proposed control scheme without loss of drivability.

关键词： Hybrid electric vehicle Single?shaft parallel electromechanical powertrain Coupling driving mode Adaptive robust control

Spectral characteristics of laser-plasma instabilities with a broadband laser

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第8期33卷 362-368页

作者：许国潇康宁雷安乐刘会亚赵耀周申蕾安红海熊俊王瑞荣谢志勇周熙晨方智恒王伟 Key Laboratory of High Power Laser and Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma China Academy of Engineering PhysicsShanghai 201800China School of Science Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen 518107China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Recent experimental progresses regarding broadband laser-plasma instabilities(LPIs)show that a 0.6%laser bandwidth can reduce backscatters of the stimulated Brillouin scattering(SBS)and the stimulated Raman scattering(SRS)at normal incidence[***.132035102(2024)].In this paper,we present a further discussion of the spectral distributions of the scatters developed by broadband LPIs,in addition to a brief validation of the effectiveness of bandwidth on LPIs mitigation at oblique *** backscatter has a small redshift in the broadband case contrary to the blueshift with narrowband laser,which may be explained by the self-cross beam energy transfer between the various frequency components within the *** backscatter spectrum presents a peak at a longer wavelength in the broadband case compared to the short one in the narrowband case,which is possibly attributed to the mitigation effect of bandwidth on filaments at underdense *** three-halves harmonic emission(3ω/2)has a one-peak spectral distribution under the broadband condition,which is different from the two-peak distribution under the narrowband condition,and may be related to the spectral mixing of different frequency components within the bandwidth if the main sources of the two are both two-plasmon decays.

关键词： laser-plasma instability laser bandwidth light spectrum

Properties of Fe-Mn-Al alloys with different Mn contents using density functional theory

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Rare Metals 2023年第4期42卷 1387-1397页

作者： Xiang Luo Jing Feng ya-hui liu Ming-Yu Hu Xiao-Yu Chong Ye-Hua Jiang Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650093China

The chemical stability,electronic structures,mechanical properties and Debye temperature of Fe-MnAl alloys were investigated using first-principles *** formation enthalpy and cohesive energy are negative for Fe-Mn-Al alloys,showing that they are thermodynamically *** has the lowest formation enthalpy,indicating that FeAl is the most stable alloy in the Fe-Mn-Al *** partial density of states,total density of states and electron density distribution maps were used to analyze the physical properties of the Fe-MnAl alloys.A combination of mainly covalent and metallic bonds exists in these Fe-Mn-Al alloys,resulting in good electronic conductivity,high melting points,and high *** alloys display disparate anisotropy due to the calculated different shapes of the 3D curved surface of the Young's modulus and anisotropic *** has the highest bulk modulus,shear modulus and Yong's modulus of 187.1,119.8 and 296.2 GPa,***,the Debye temperatures and sound velocity of these Fe-Mn-Al compounds were explored.

关键词： Fe-Mn-Al alloys Electronic structures Stability Mechanical properties Debye temperature First-principles calculation

Removal of zirconium from hydrous titanium dioxide

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2013年第1期20卷 1-8页

作者： Xue-qin Ma ya-hui liu Jing-long Chu Jie Li Tian-yan Xue Li-na Wang Tao Qi National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

A method was proposed for removing zirconium （Zr） from hydrous titanium dioxide （HTD） by the NaF solution. The effects of main parameters, i.e. pH values, NaF dosage, temperature and retention time, on the removal of zirconium were stud- ied. The optimal conditions were found as the following： pH value, 〈5.5; molar ratio of NaF to TiQ, 0.6; retention time, 80 min and temperature, 80℃. The removal rate of Zr under the optimized conditions was above 87.7%. The adsorption energy of the preferential absorption of hydrofluoric acid for Zr（OH）2SOt（OH2） on the （001） crystal surface of HTD was determined by theo- retical calculation. The possible mechanism of the removal process was also discussed.

关键词： zirconium titanium dioxide removal density functional theory microstructure adsorption