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A new algorithm for microwave radiometer remote sensing of sea surface salinity and temperature

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Science china Earth {1. 2006年第11期49卷 1204-1211页

作者： YIN Xiaobin1. LIU Yuguang1. WANG Zhenzhan2.& XIU {2. 1. Physical Oceanography Laboratory, Ocean University of{1., {2. 2.6003,{1. 2. Center for Space and Applied Research, chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 1.0080,{1. Physical Oceanography Laboratory Ocean University of China Qingdao China Center for Space and Applied Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

The microwave radiation of the sea surface, which is denoted by the sea surface brightness temperature, is not only related with sea surface salinity (SSS) and temperature (SST), but also influenced by sea surface wind. The errors of wind detected by satellite sensor have significant influences on the accuracy of SSS and SST retrieval. The effects of sea surface wind on sea surface brightness temperature, i.e. △Th,v, and the relations among △Th,v, wind speed, sea surface tempera- ture, sea surface salinity and incidence angle of observation are investigated. Based on the investi- gations, a new algorithm depending on the design of a single radiometer with double polarizations and multi-incidence angles is proposed. The algorithm excludes the influence of sea surface wind on SSS and SST retrieval, and provides a new method for remote sensing of SSS and SST.

关键词： microwave radiometer, sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity, wind, brightness temperature.

Isotopic feature and uranium dating of the volcanic rocks in the Okinawa Trough

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中国科学：地球科学英文版 2006年第4期49卷 375-383页

作者： huang peng1,2. LI Anchun1. HU Ningjing2.3, FU Yongtao1. MA Zhibang4 1. Institute of Oceanology,{1.,{2., china 2. Graduate School of the{1., Beijing 1.0039, china 3. Institute of Soil Science,{1., Nanjing 2.1}008, china 4. Institute of Geology and Geophysics,{1., Beijing 1.002., china Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao China Graduate School of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing China Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Volcanic rocks from the northern and middle Okinawa Trough were dated by ura- nium-series dating method. Differential fractions using magnetic procedure were designed to separate samples. New report on the ages and isotopic data of rocks in the northern trough (especially black pumice) was discussed. Based on the uranium dates and Sr-Nd isotopic ratio, magmatic evolution process of the Okinawa Trough was noted. Firstly, there have been wide silicic volcanic activities in the Okinawa Trough from late Pleistocene to present, and the volcanic rocks can be divided into three subgroups. Secondly, magma generally came from PREMA source area under the Okinawa Trough. Magmatic evolution in the northern trough was similar to the middle, but different to the south. Finally, volcanic activities indicated that opening of the southern Okinawa Trough did not happen due to the collision between Luson Arc and Eurasian Plate until the early Pleistocene.

关键词： Okinawa Trough, black pumice, uranium-series dating, Sr-Nd isotopic ratio, magmatic evolution.

Improvement of different source function expressions in SWAN model for the Bohai Sea

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2005年第8期15卷 720-724页

作者： YIN Baoshu1., YANG Dezhou1. SHA Rina 1.2.and CHENG Minghua1.1. Institute of Oceanology, chinese academy of sciences,{1.,{2. 2. Graduate School of the chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 1.0039,{2.) Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China Graduate School Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China

The simulating wave nearshore （SWAN） wave model has been widely used in coastal areas, lakes and estuaries. However, we found a poor agreement between modeling results and measurements in analyzing the chosen four typical cases when we used the default parameters of the source function formulas of the SWAN to make wave simulation for the Bohai Sea. Also, it was found that at the same wind process the simulated results of two wind generation expressions （Komen, Janssen） demonstrated a large difference. Further study showed that the proportionality coefficient α in linear growth term of wave growth source function plays an unperceived role in the process of wave development. Based on experiments and analysis, we thought that the coefficient α should change rather than be a constant. Therefore, the coefficient α changing with the variation of friction velocity U*was introduced into the linear growth term of wave growth source function. Four weather processes were adopted to validate the improvement in the linear growth term. The results from the improved coefficient α agree much better with the measurements than those from the default constant coefficient α. Furthermore, the large differences of results between Komen wind generation expression and Janssen wind generation expression were eliminated. We also experimented with the four weather processes to test the new white-capping mechanisms based on the cumulative steepness method. It was found that the parameters of the new white-capping mechanisms are not suitable for the Bohai Sea, but Alkyon's white-capping mechanisms can be applicable to the Bohai Sea after amendments, demonstrating that this improvement of parameter α can improve the simulated results of the Bohai Sea.

关键词： waves SWAN model wave growth source function new proportionality coefficient formula.

Parentage determination of an isolated Yangtze finless porpoise population Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientalis in the Yangtze Tian-e-Zhou Baiji National Natural Reserve based on molecular data

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2005年第2期15卷 54-61页

作者： XIA Junhong 1.2. ZHENG Jinsong 1.2. XU Limei 1.2.and WANG Ding1.(1. Institute of Hydrobiology, chinese academy of sciences, Wuhan 430072.{1. 2. Graduate School of the chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 1.0039,{1.) Inst. of Hydrobiology Chinese Acad. of Sciences Wuhan 430072 China Graduate Sch. Chinese Acad. of Sciences Beijing 100039 China

Reproductive behaviors are poorly known for the Yangtze finless porpoise Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientalis. In this study, the parentage of an isolated Yangtze finless porpoise population inhabiting the Yangtze Tian-e-Zhou Baiji National Natural Reserve is determined by analysis of microsatellite loci and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region sequences, and the porpoise's reproductive behaviors are studied. Overall 4 full parentage assignments and additional 3 single parentage assignments were determined for the population of 2. individuals. The analysis shows that their estimated reproductive cycle is shorter than that reported previously and there probably exists an overlapping between gestation and lactation period. The study also shows that the female does not show fidelity to a particular male for breeding and vice versa, the oldest males did not monopolize mating and the dominance rank could not be so strict for the porpoise society. Moreover, the porpoise's mating pattern and relatedness among candidate parents are discussed here. These results provide important information for making guidelines of management and conservation for this protected population.

关键词： Yangtze finless porpoise isolated population reproductive behavior parentage

Statistical distribution of nonlinear random wave height

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Science china Earth {1. 2006年第4期49卷 443-448页

作者： HOU Yijun1. GUO Peifang1.2. SONG Guiting1.2. SONG Jinbao1. YIN Baoshu1.& ZHAO Xixi1.2.1. Institute of Oceanology, chinese academy of sciences,{1.,{2. 2. Graduate University of the chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 1.0039,{2. Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao China Graduate University of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing China

A statistical model of random wave is developed using Stokes wave theory of water wave dynamics. A new nonlinear probability distribution function of wave height is presented. The results indicate that wave steepness not only could be a parameter of the distribution function of wave height but also could reflect the degree of wave height distribution deviation from the Rayleigh distribution. The new wave height distribution overcomes the problem of Rayleigh distribution that the prediction of big wave is overestimated and the general wave is underestimated. The prediction of small probability wave height value of new distribution is also smaller than that of Rayleigh distribution. Wave height data taken from East china Normal University are used to verify the new distribution. The results in- dicate that the new distribution fits the measurements much better than the Rayleigh distribution.

关键词： Random ocean wave, nonlinearity, wave height distribution.

Cloning and characterization of interferon stimulated genes Viperin and ISG1.,and their promoters from snakehead Channa argus

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第12期17卷 1425-1435页

作者： Jia Weizhang1.2. Zhou Xiuxia1.2. {2. Rong1.2.and Guo Qionglin1.1. Institute of Hydrobiololgy,{1., Wuhan 430072.{2. 2. Graduate University of{1., Beijing 1.0039,{2.) Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430072 China Graduate University Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China

By suppression subtractive hybridization, rapid amplification of cDNA ends and gene walking methods, interferon stimulated genes (ISGs), Viperin and ISG1., and their promoters have been cloned and characterized from snakehead Channa argus. The Viperin cDNA was found to be 1.74 nt and contain an open reading frame (ORF) of 1.59 nt that translates into a putative peptide of 352.amino acid (aa). The putative peptide of Viperin shows high identity to that in teleosts and mammals except for the N-terminal 70 aa. The ISG1. cDNA was found to be 758 nt and contain an ORF of 468 nt that translates into a putative peptide of 1.5 aa. The putative peptide of ISG1. is composed of two tandem repeats of ubiquitin-like (UBL) domains, and a canonical conjugation motif (LRGG) at C-terminal. Viperin and ISG1. promoter regions were characterized by the presence of interferon stimulating response elements (ISRE) and γ-IFN activation sites (GAS). ISRE is a feature of IFN-induced gene promoter and partially overlaps interferon regulatory factor (IRF) 1.and IRF2.recognition sites. GAS is responsible for the γ-IFN mediated transcription. One conserved site for NF-κB was found in the promoter region of Viperin. This is the first report of conservative binding motif for NF-κB in accordance with the consensus sequence (GGGRNNYYCC) among teleost ISG promoters. Moreover, there were also TATA, CAAT and Sp1.transcription factor sites in Viperin and ISG1. promoters. In 5′ untranslated region (UTR), snakehead ISG1. gene contains a single intron, which differs from Viperin gene. The transcripts of Vipeirn and ISG1. mRNA were mainly expressed in head kidney, posterior kidney, spleen and gill. The expression levels in liver were found to increase obviously in response to induction by IFN-inducer poly I∶C.

关键词： interferon interferon stimulated gene (ISG) Viperin ISG1. snakehead (Channa argus).

Explicit analytical solutions of the anisotropic Brinkman model for the natural convection in porous media(Ⅱ)

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2005年第4期48卷 422-430页

作者： CAI Ruixian1. GOU Chenhua1. 2.& ZHANG Na1.1. Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 1.0080,{1. 2. Graduate School, chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 1.0080,{1. Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Graduate School Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Some algebraically explicit analytical solutions are derived for the anisotropic Brinkman model―an improved Darcy model―describing the natural convection in porous media. Besides their important theoretical meaning (for example, in analyzing the non-Darcy and anisotropic effects on the convection), such analytical solutions can be the benchmark solutions that can promote the development of computational heat and mass transfer. Some solutions considering the anisotropic effect of permeability have been given previously by the authors, and this paper gives solutions including the anisotropic effect of thermal conductivity and the effect of heat sources.

关键词： explicit analytical solution, porous medium, natural convection, Brinkman model, anisotropic.

Recent study of emission line star 3G71

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chinese Science Bulletin 1998年第6期43卷 470-473页

作者： HANG Hengrong 1.2.and XIA Jianping+1.1. Purple Mountain Observatory, chinese academy of sciences, Nanjing 2.0}008,{1. 2. Joint Laboratory for Optical Astronomy, chinese academy of sciences, Nanjing 2.0}008,{1. Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China Joint Laboratory for Optical Astronomy Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China

New spectral observations of 3G71.are presented. The main features of optical spectra which exhibit a lot of forbidden lines and unusual strong H-Balmer emission lines are discussed. Our data, together with its large IRAS infrared color excess and other characteristics, show evidence that the star may be a Herbig Ae/Be star rather than the optical counterpart of Be/X-ray source of 1.2.1.+589.

关键词： Be/X-ray binary emission line IRAS identification Herbig Ae/Be star.

Cloning and Characterization of β-Carotene Ketolase Gene Promoter in Haematococcus pluvialis

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2005年第4期37卷 270-275页

作者： Chun-Xiao MENG~(1.2. Chang-Ying TENG~1.{2. JIANG~1.Song QIN~1.Cheng-Kui TSENG~1. ~1.nstitute of Oceanology,{1. {2. of sciences.qingdao 2.6071,{12. ~2.raduate School of the chinese academy of sciences,Beijing 1.0039.{12. Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China Graduate School of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing 1.0039 China

The unicellular green alga Haematococcus pluvialis accumulates a highly valuable ketocarotenoid,astaxanthin,under various environmental stresses.β-carotene ketolase (BKT) plays a key role in astaxanthinbiosynthesis in *** this paper,an approximate 700 bp 5'-flanking region of the bkt gene contain-ing a putative promoter was cloned through walking *** results of the sequence analysis showedthat this bkt 5'-flanking region might have cis-acting elements such as sterol regulatory element(SRE-1.-likemotifs,the C-repeat/dehydration responsive element (DRE) and al-3 proximal element (APE)-like *** for typical TATA and CCAAT *** results of the β-galactosidase assay and the transientexpression of lacZ driven by a series of sequential deletions revealed that a minimal promoter-like regionmight exist from-630 to-408 bp,and the highest promoter activity was observed to span the positionsfrom-630 to-308 *** results of the site-directed mutagenesis of a C-repeat/DRE and two APE-likemotifs in a promoter-like region(-630 to -308 bp)suggested that two APE-like motifs might be essential fortranscriptional control of the bkt gene.

关键词： Haematococcus pluvialis astaxanthin β-carotene ketolase gene (bkt) cis-acting element promoter