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Citric acid reduces the decline in P300 amplitude induced by acute alcohol consumption in healthy adults

Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2012年第5期13卷 395-401页

作者： Wei-xing CHEN Chuan-qin XU Shao-hua CHEN Gen-yun XU huai-zhuang ye Department of Gastroenterology the First Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310003China Department of Public Health School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310003China

Event-related potential (ERP) is a reliable neuroelectric measure of brain activity that helps to confirm the assessment of mental status and cognitive impairment. Many studies have reported that alcoholics show a significantly lower ERP P300 amplitude than the norm. In the present study, ERP P300 waves were measured to evaluate the effect of citric acid on cognitive function during excessive alcohol consumption in healthy adults. Five volunteers were selected through clinical interview, physical examination, and psychiatric assessment for participation in this study. In a double-blind placebo-controlled before-after design, each subject was treated with 5 ml/kg body weight alcohol, 5 ml/kg body weight alcohol and 1 mg citric acid, or a placebo on three separate occasions, one week apart. ERP P300, blood biochemical indicators, blood alcohol concentrations (BACs) and acetaldehyde concentrations were assessed. Repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a within-subjects factor was used to evaluate differences in blood biochemical indicators, BACs, blood acetaldehyde concentrations, and ERP P300 in the three sessions of assessments. Several blood biochemical indicators showed significant differences between treatments, including the levels of cholinesterase (CHE), total bile acid (TBA), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), and glycylproline dipeptidyl aminopeptidase (GPDA). BACs after consumption of alcohol alone or citric acid with al- cohol were significantly higher compared to those after placebo treatment (P<0.05). There were no significant dif- ferences in blood acetaldehyde concentrations between the treatments. The P300 amplitudes on the frontal (Fz), central (Cz), and parietal (Pz) regions of the scalp after consumption of alcohol were significantly lower than those after consumption of the placebo or citri

关键词： Ethanol Citric acid Event-related potential (ERP) P300 Cognitive function Acetaldehyde

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Numerical simulation on directional solidification and heat treatment processes of turbine blades

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China Foundry 2024年第5期21卷 476-490页

作者： ye-yuan Hu Ju-huai Ma Qing-yan Xu School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua UniversityKey Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing TechnologyMinistry of EducationBeijing 100084China

Study on turbine blades is crucial due to their critical role in ensuring the efficient and reliable operation of aircraft ***-based single crystal superalloys are extensively used in the hot manufacturing of turbine blades due to their exceptional high-temperature mechanical *** hot manufacturing of single crystal blades involves directional solidification and heat *** manufacturing of these blades is time-consuming,capital-intensive,and often insufficient to meet industrial *** simulation techniques have gained widespread acceptance in blade manufacturing research due to their low energy consumption,high efficiency,and rapid turnaround *** article introduces the modeling and simulation of hot manufacturing in single crystal *** discussion outlines the prevalent mathematical models employed in numerical simulations related to blade hot *** encapsulates the advancements in research concerning macro to micro-level numerical simulation techniques for directional solidification and heat treatment ***,potential future trajectories for the numerical simulation of single crystal blade hot manufacturing are also discussed.

关键词： single crystal blades Ni-based superalloy directional solidification heat treatment numerical simulation

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Solidification microstructure of Ti-43Al alloy by twin-roll strip casting

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China Foundry 2023年第2期20卷 99-107页

作者： Yang Chen Guo-huai Liu ye Wang Zhao-dong Wang State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering Harbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbin 150080China

As a near-net-shape technology,the twin-roll strip casting(TRC)process can be considered to apply to the fabrication of TiAl alloy ***,the control of the grain distribution is very important in strip casting because the mechanical properties of strips are directly determined by the solidification microstructure.A three-dimensional(3D)cellular automation finite-element(CAFE)model based on ProCAST software was established to simulate the solidification microstructure of Ti-43Al ***,the influence of casting temperature and the maximum nucleation density(nmax)on the solidification microstructure was investigated in *** simulation results provide a good explanation and prediction for the solidification microstructure in the molten pool before leaving the kissing *** and simulated microstructure show the common textureorientation in the columnar grains ***,the microstructure evolution of the Ti-43Al alloy was analyzed and the solidification phase transformation path during the TSC process was determined,i.e.,L→L+β→β→β+α→α+γ+β/B2 phase under a faster cooling rate and L→L+β→β→β+α→γ+lamellar(α_(2)+γ)+β/B2 phase under a slower cooling rate.

关键词： TiAl alloy simulation microstructure strip casting solidification

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Tensile properties of individual multicellular Bacillus subtilis fibers

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2019年第9期62卷 70-78页

作者： Xuan ye Tao Wang Zhuo zhuang XiDe Li Applied Mechanics Laboratory Department of Engineering MechanicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Microfibers formed by Bacillus subtilis(B. subtilis) have attracted interest because of their potential for use as biodegradable fibers. In this work, an efficient method based on the micro-liquid bridge method(LBM) is proposed to investigate the mechanical properties and the deformation evolution in individual fibers. For the first time, tensile testing of fibers of this type containing several cells is conducted in a scanning electron microscope(SEM) chamber and the in situ deformation evolution of the fibers and the septa is observed. Experimental results show that these fibers are almost broken at the positions of the septa at low humidity, but also show that their fracture morphologies are different. At high humidity, local necking deformation occurs at the septum position. To explore the deformation mechanism of an individual bacterial fiber with a diameter of several hundred nanometers under different humidity conditions, we use the finite element method(FEM) to analyze the tensile deformation behavior of these fibers when their septa are at various separation levels. The numerical results indicate that weak interactions among the septa lead to the dispersion of both the fibrous tensile strength and the modulus. These results may be helpful in understanding the deformation mechanism, thus leading to further improvements in the mechanical performance of these fibers.

关键词： Bacillus subtilis mechanical properties micro-liquid bridge method finite element method

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3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine(MDMA)Abuse Markedly Inhibits Acetylcholinesterase Activity and Induces Severe Oxidative Damage and Liperoxidative Damage

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2003年第1期16卷 53-61页

作者： JUN-FUZHOU ye-ZHOU LINAGZHANG huai-HONGCHEN DONGCAI SecondAffiliatedHospital CollegeofMedicineZhejiangUniversity88JiefangRoadHangzhou310009ZhejiangProvinceChina HangzhouMunicipalPublicSecurityBureau 35HuaguangRoadHangzhou310002ZhejiangProvinceChina. ZhejiangSurveillanceStationofDrugAbuse 88JiefangRoadHangzhou310009ZhejiangprovinceChina

Objective To investigate whether 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) abuse produces another neurotoxicity which may significantly inhibit the acetylcholinesterase activity and result in severe oxidative damage and liperoxidative damage to MDMA abusers. Methods 120 MDMA abusers (MA) and 120 healthy volunteers (HV) were enrolled in an independent sample control design, in which the levels of lipoperoxide (LPO) in plasma and erythrocytes as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in erythrocytes were determined by spectrophotometric methods. Results Compared with the average values of biochemical parameters in the HV group, those of LPO in plasma and erythrocytes in the MA group were significantly increased (P<0.0001), while those of SOD, CAT, GPX and AChE in erythrocytes in the MA group were significantly decreased (P<0.0001). The Pearson product-moment correlation analysis between the values of AChE and biochemical parameters in 120 MDMA abusers showed that significant linear negative correlation was present between the activity of AChE and the levels of LPO in plasma and erythrocytes (P<0.0005-0.0001), while significant linear positive correlation was observed between the activity of AchE and the activities of SOD, CAT and GPX (P<0.0001). The reliability analysis for the above biochemical parameters reflecting oxidative and lipoperoxidative damages in MDMA abusers suggested that the reliability coefficient (alpha) was 0.8124, and that the standardized item alpha was 0.9453. Conclusion The findings in the present study suggest that MDMA abuse can induce another neurotoxicity that significantly inhibits acetylcholinesterase activity and aggravates a series of free radical chain reactions and oxidative stress in the bodies of MDMA abusers, thereby resulting in severe neural, oxidative and lipoperoxidative damages in MDMA abusers.

关键词： 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine MDMA Drug abuse Acetylcholinesterase Free radicals Lipoperoxide Antioxidase Oxidative stress Oxidative damage Lipoperoxidative damage

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OPTIMAL PRICING STRATEGY TO REDUCE FUEL CONSUMPTION IN ELECTRICITY GENERATION WITH SMART METER

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2015年第1期24卷 81-106页

作者： Xiaoyan Xu zhuang Ma Liang Xu ye Lu School of Management University of Science & Technology of China School of Management Zhejiang University Department of Management Science City University of Hong Kong

It has been widely recognized that the efficiency of a thermal power system can be improved by technological advancement of electricity generation and manipulation of electricity consumption. The smart meter enables two-way communication between the customers and the electricity generation system. The electricity generation system uses price incentive （i.e. a higher price in the peak period and a lower price in the off-peak period） to shift part of demands from peak to off-peak period under the smart grid environment. Given the fact that fuel consumption in each period is a strictly increasing convex function of power output, we propose two-period and multi-period pricing strategies, and study the effect of different pricing strategies on reducing fuel consumption.

关键词： Pricing strategy smart meter energy consumption,convex programming

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A miniature triaxial apparatus for investigating the micromechanics of granular soils with in situ X-ray micro-tomography scanning

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2020年第2期14卷 357-373页

作者： zhuang CHENG Jianfeng WANG Matthew Richard COOP Guanlin ye Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen 518057China Department of Civil Environmental and Geomatic EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUK Department of Civil Engineering Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200240China

The development of a miniature triaxial apparatus is *** conjunction with an X-ray microtomography(termed as X-ray fiCT hereafter)facility and advanced image processing techniques,this apparatus can be used for in situ investigation of the micro-scale mechanical behavior of granular soils under *** apparatus allows for triaxial testing of a miniature dry sample with a size of 8 mm x 16 mm(diameter x height).In situ triaxial testing of a 0.4-0.8 mm Leighton Buzzard sand(LBS)under a constant confining pressure of 500 kPa is *** evolutions of local porosities(i.e.,the porosities of regions associated with individual particles),particle kinematics(i.e.,particle translation and particle rotation)of the sample during the shear are quantitatively studied using image processing and analysis ***,a novel method is presented to quantify the volumetric strain distribution of the sample based on the results of local porosities and particle *** is found that the sample,with nearly homogenous initial local porosities,starts to exhibit obvious inhomogeneity of local porosities and localization of particle kinematics and volumetric strain around the peak of deviatoric *** the post-peak shear stage,large local porosities and volumetric dilation mainly occur in a localized *** developed triaxial apparatus,in its combined use of X-ray|iCT imaging techniques,is a powerful tool to investigate the micro-scale mechanical behavior of granular soils.

关键词： triaxial apparatus X-ray fiCT in situ test micro-scale mechanical behavior granular soils

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Identification and analysis of the inlet vortex of an axial-flow pump

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2022年第2期34卷 234-243页

作者： Wen-peng Zhang Li-jian Shi Fang-ping Tang zhuang-zhuang Sun ye Zhang College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou225009China

Axial-flow pumps are widely employed in urban flood control and drainage pumping *** inlet vortex is one factor that seriously threaten the safe,stable and efficient operation of axial-flow pump *** this paper,the vortex recognition performances of two vortex identification methods,the Q—criterion and Liutex methods,are compared based on an axial-flow pump,and the interactions between the impeller and vortex are explored.A flat plate vortex generator is installed in front of the impeller to continuously induce a stable *** numerical simulation results show that the Liutex method can not only simultaneously identify strong and weak vortices but also reduce the influence of shear force at the *** vortex and the impeller influence each *** the influence of rotating blades,the vortex changes from a low frequency to the blade frequency,and the vortex significantly changes the tangential velocity inside the *** accuracy of the numerical simulation results is verified by experiments on the external and internal characteristics.

关键词： Axial-flow pump inlet vortex vortex identification vortex generator numerical simulation experiment

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Magnetic-Optical Imaging for Monitoring Chemodynamic Therapy

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2022年第2期38卷 481-492页

作者： WANG Youjuan ye Zhifei SONG Guosheng LIU zhuang State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha 410082P.R.China Institute of Functional Nano&Soft Materials(FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials&DevicesSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123P.R.China

Chemodynamic therapy kills cancer cells with reactive oxygen species generated by endogenous triggers in the tumor *** chemodynamic therapy is blossoming in recent years,their therapy process still faces a series of *** unknown catalytic activity of chemodynamic therapy reagents may lead to unpredictable therapy effects,so it is necessary to reveal the therapeutic mechanism of chemodynamic therapy and develop self-monitoring *** this mini-review,we summarize and illustrate the most recent progress of chemodynamic therapy,focusing on the applications of magnetic imaging and optical imaging probe for monitoring cancer chemodynamic ***,we also discuss the potential challenges and the further directions of this field.

关键词： Chemodynamic therapy Magnetic imaging Optical imaging Nanoprobe Monitoring therapeutic response

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Age, growth, reproductive biology, color pattern, and ontogenetic divergence of two closely related rock?shes (Sebastes koreanus and S. nudus) off the coasts of the Shandong Peninsula, China

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2020年第1期38卷 204-225页

作者： zhuang Longchuan ZHANG Chi LIU Qun ye Zhenjiang College of Fisheries Ocean University of China

The live-bearing genus Sebastes is renowned for its outstanding species richness and color diversity,and its speciation has been a point of *** study investigated the age,growth,reproductive biology,color pattern and ontogenetic divergence of a pair of closely related rockfishes from the coasts of the Shandong Peninsula,namely,Sebastes koreanus(n=879)and ***(n=257).Marginal increment analysis of sectioned otoliths showed that annulus formation occurred once a year between June and July in both *** sex-pooled growth curves of *** and 3 populations of *** differed significantly from each *** apparent latitudinal cline in growth parameters was found in *** both species,the peak parturition periods were from April to May,and the peak copulation periods were from November to *** has a highly variable and conspicuous color pattern while *** has a stable and dull color *** difference,together with the overlapping distribution and the close relationship,make *** and *** an ideal model to investigate the color-driven speciation of the *** confirmed that *** changes its body color with age and season and fully expresses the carotenoid-based nuptial coloration when the fish reaches first ***,our comparisons of morphological traits that are likely related to survival and quality of these fishes suggested that *** may suffer higher predation risk and foraging difficulty beginning at age *** light of the ontogenetic development of the color pattern in ***,we suggested that the full expression of nuptial coloration most likely triggers the strong selective pressure to enhance swimming performance,anti-predator defense and foraging capacity of *** through predator-prey *** understanding all these details,we further inferred a hypothesis that both color pattem and bathymetric segregation play key roles in facilitating the speciation of demersal r

关键词： Sebastes growth color pattern speciation

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