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Mapping out the reaction network of humin formation at the initial stage of fructose dehydration in water

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第6期9卷 1016-1026页

作者： Xing fu Yexin hu Ping hu hui li Shuguang Xu liangfang Zhu Changwei hu Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology Ministry of EducationCollege of ChemistrySichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610064China State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and PharmacyChengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduSichuan611137China

The formation of humins hampers the large-scale production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF)in ***,a detailed reaction network of humin formation at the initial stage of fructose-to-HMF dehydration in water is delineated by combined experimental,spectroscopic,and theoretical *** bimolecular reaction pathways to build up soluble humins are *** is,the intermolecular etherification of β-furanose at room temperature initiates the C12 path,whereas the C-C cleavage of a-furanose at 130-150℃ leads to C11 path,and that of open-chain fructose at 180℃ to C11' *** successive intramolecular dehydrations and condensations of the as-formed bimolecular intermediates lead to three types of soluble *** show that the C12 path could be restrained by using HCl or AlCl_(3) catalyst,and both the C12 and C110 paths could be effectively inhibited by adding THF as a co-solvent or accelerating heating rate via microwave heating.

关键词： Carbohydrates 5-hydroxymethylfurfural Reaction network Soluble humins Tautomer

Chinese herbal formulae defend against Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第10期21卷 3026-3036页

作者： WANG Ying-jie liANG Ya-xi hu fu-li SUN Ying-fei ZOU Meng-yun LUO Rong-long PENG Xiu-li Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of EducationHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070P.R.China

Mycoplasma gallisepticum HS strain(MG-HS)is a pathogen that causes chronic respiratory disease(CRD)in chicken,which is characterized by host respiratory inflammatory damage,brings huge economic losses to the poultry ***,emerging Chinese herbal medicines(CHM)have been used to treat *** study was aimed to investigate the preventive and therapeutic effects and their potential mechanisms of Chinese herbal medicinal formulae(CHMF),which consisted of 10 kinds of Chinese herbal medicine including Scutellaria,Houttuynia cordate and licorice,on MGinduced CRD in *** respect to the preventive effect,the results showed that CHMF could effectively recover the MG-induced decrease on body weight and feed conversion *** analysis showed that both prevention and treatment of CHMF could significantly alleviate the severe respiratory inflammation induced by MG ***,compared with the MG infection group,both the prevention groups and the treatment groups of CHMF could effectively reduce the expression of MG adhesion protein(p MGA1.2)to inhibit the proliferation of MG,and thus effectively inhibit the expression of MG-induced inflammatory factors interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and tumour necrosis factor-α(TNF-α).In summary,these findings confirm that CHMF can protect chickens from various tissue damage caused by MG infection and has no adverse effects on the performance of chickens in the short *** its efficacy against MG is equal to or better than that of tiamulin.

关键词： Mycoplasma gallisepticum HS strain(MG-HS) Chinese herbal medicine formulae production performance inflammatory lesions chicken

Unbound^(28)O,the heaviest oxygen isotope observed:a cutting-edge probe for testing nuclear models

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第2期35卷 1-2页

作者： Jian-Guo li Bai-Shan hu Shuang Zhang fu-Rong Xu School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and TechnologyPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Southern Center for Nuclear-Science Theory(SCNT) Institute of Modern PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesHuizhou 516000China

The beyond-dripline oxygen isotopes^(27,28)O were recently observed at RIKEN,and were found to be unbound decaying into^(24)O by emitting *** unbound feature of the heaviest oxygen isotope,^(28)O,provides an excellent test for stateof-the-art nuclear *** atomic nucleus is a self-organized quantum manybody system comprising specific numbers of protons Z and neutrons N.

关键词： testing quantum system

The Effect of Blending Ratio on the Structure and Properties of the PPR/PS In situ Fiber Reinforced System Prepared by Multi-Flow Vibration Injection Molding

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第6期42卷 851-863页

作者： Yan-Jiang li Meng-Long hu Jun-Wen Zhang Qiang fu Jie Zhang College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610065China

To enhance the mechanical properties of polypropylene random copolymer(PPR),polystyrene(PS)with four different contents were added to the PPR matrix through melt ***,using the Multi-Flow Vibration Injection Molding(MFVIM)technology,PPR/PS in situ microfiber composites(MFC)with different blending ratios were *** results indicated that blending ratio had a great impact on the phase morphology and crystal structure of MFVIM samples,which was different from those of conventional injection molding(CIM)*** ultrafine fibers could be formed under the shear field and could absorb the PPR molecular chains to form hybrid shish-kebab ***,the PPR matrix could also form shish-kebab structures under the effect of strong *** the PS content reached 20%,under the combined action of PS in situ microfibers and highly oriented crystal structure,the tensile strength and Young’s modulus of the sample were obviously improved and the impact strength remained at a relatively high *** a strong and tough balanced PPR based material was *** results provide valuable insights for expanding the industrial and daily-life applications of PPR and show promising development prospects.

关键词： PPR MFVIM In situ microfibers Shearfield Hybrid shish-kebab structures

Fermented Lentinus edodes extract containingα-glucan ameliorates concanavalin A-induced autoimmune hepatitis in mice

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Food Science and human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 2102-2115页

作者： Xin hu Dan Cheng Yingxia Zhang Po li Xiaoping Wu Junsheng fu College of life Sciences Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China Mycological Research Center Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China Shanghai lithy One-Health Group Technology Co. Ltd.Shanghai 200235China

Autoimmune hepatitis(AIH)is a chronic inflammatory liver disease that threatens human health *** aim of this study was to detect the protective effect of a fermented Lentinus edodes extract containingα-glucan(FLA),in a concanavalin A(Con A)-induced AIH mouse model and to determine the underlying liver-protective *** results showed that compared with the model group,the level of proinflammatory cytokines in serum of FLA pretreated mice was significantly decreased,and the degree of inflammatory cell infiltration in liver,thymus and spleen was significantly *** polymerase chain reaction,immunohistochemistry,and Western blotting showed that FLA pre-treatment inhibited the Con A-induced apoptosis of hepatocytes by down-regulating the expression of BAX and up-regulating the expression of *** research found that FLA may improve liver injury in mice by activating NRF2 signaling pathway and inhibiting TRAF6/NF-κB signaling ***,FLA may improve liver injury in mice by shifting gut microbial composition to reduce the release of inflammatory cytokines in the serum and prevent the necrosis of ***-regulation of NRF2 signaling pathway,down-regulation of TRAF6/NF-κB signaling pathway,and an increase in the relative abundance of Lactobacillus_johnsonii and ligilactobacillus_murinus play a protective role in liver.

关键词： Autoimmune hepatitis Concanavalin A Lentinus edodes TRAF6/NF-κB NRF2

Optical edge-to-screw singularity state conversions

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Photonics Research 2024年第8期12卷 1689-1695页

作者： HAOliN liN JUNhuI JIA GUOhuA liU YANWEN hu ZHEN li ZHENQIANG CHEN SHENHE fu Department of Optoelectronic Engineering Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications Guangzhou 510632China Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Crystal and Laser Technology Guangzhou 510632China

Optical singularity states,which significantly affect propagation properties of light in free space or optical medium,can be geometrically classified into screw and edge *** different types of singularity states do not exhibit direct connection,being decoupled from each other in the absence of external *** we demonstrate a novel optical process in which a higher-order edge singularity state initially nested in the propagating Gaussian light field gradually involves into a screw singularity with a new-born topological charge determined by order of the edge *** considered edge state comprises an equal superposition of oppositely charged vortex and antivortex *** theoretically and experimentally realize this edge-to-screw conversion process by introducing intrinsic vortex–antivortex *** also present a geometrical representation for mapping this dynamical process,based on the higher-order orbital Poincaré*** this framework,the edge-to-screw conversion is explained by a mapping of state evolution from the equator to the north or south pole of the Poincaré*** demonstration provides a novel approach for manipulating singularity state by the intrinsic vortex–antivortex *** presented phenomenon can be also generalized to other wave systems such as matter wave,water wave,and acoustic wave.

关键词： interaction Poincaré wave

Secure symbol level precoding for cell-free network based on band-region constraint of the eavesdropper’s receiving signal

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High Technology Letters 2024年第3期30卷 304-309页

作者： li Zewen JIN Yong fu Chunling PENG Xin hu Zhentao School of Artifical Intelligence Henan UniversityZhengzhou 450000P.R.China School of Physics and Electronics Henan UniversityKaifeng 475000P.R.China

A symbol level secure precoding scheme based on band-region constraint of the eavesdropper’s receiving signal is proposed to enhance the energy efficiency of cell-free multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)networks in the presence of an eavesdropper while guaranteeing the quality of service(QoS)of user and the security of ***,to lighten its high computational complexity,original problem is divided into several cascade sub-problems firstly,and then those sub-problems are handled by combining Lagrangian dual function and improved Hooke-Jeeves method *** ex-periment with other secure symbol-level precoding schemes demonstrate that proposed scheme can achieve the lower power consumption with almost same symbol error rate and QoS of user.

关键词： cell-free symbol-level precoding(SLP) physical layer security(PLS) multi-ple-input multiple-output(MIMO) band-region constraint

Tuning the crystalline and electronic structure of ZrO_(2)via oxygen vacancies and nano-structuring for polysulfides conversion in lithium-sulfur batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 82-93,I0003页

作者： Shengnan fu Chaowei hu Jing li Hongtao Cui Yuanyuan liu Kaihua liu Yanzhao Yang Meiri Wang Shandong Key Laboratory for Chemical Engineering and Processing School of Chemistry&Chemical EngineeringYantai UniversityYantai 264000ShandongChina Key Laboratory for Special functional Aggregate Materials of Education Ministry School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShandong UniversityJinan 250100ShandongChina

The recent emergence of tetragonal phases zirconium dioxide(ZrO_(2))with vacancies has generated significant interest as a highly efficient and stable electrocatalyst with potential applications in trapping polysulfides and facilitating rapid conversion in lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs).However,the reduction of ZrO_(2)is challenging,even under strong reducing atmospheres at high temperatures and ***,the limited presence of oxygen vacancies results in insufficient active sites and reaction interfaces,thereby hindering practical ***,we successfully introduced abundant oxygen vacancies into ZrO_(2)at the nanoscale with the help of carbon nanotubes(CNTs-OH)through hydrogen-etching at lower temperatures and *** introduced oxygen vacancies on ZrO_(2-x)/CNTs-OH can effectively rearrange charge distribution,enhance sulfiphilicity and increase active sites,contributing to high ionic and electronic transfer kinetics,strong binding energy and low redox barriers between polysulfides and ZrO_(2-x).These findings have been experimentally validated and supported by theory *** a result,LSBs assembled with the ZrO_(2-x)/CNTs-OH modified separators demonstrate excellent rate performance,superior cycling stability,and ultra-high sulfur ***,at high sulfur loading of 6 mg cm^(-2),the area capacity is still up to 6.3 mA h cm^(-2).This work provides valuable insights into the structural and functional optimization of electrocatalysts for batteries.

关键词： lithium-sulfur batteries Oxygen vacancies Zirconium dioxide/carbon nanotubes with–OH Improved redox kinetics Superior cycling stability

Antagonism effect of residual S triggers the dual-path mechanism for water oxidation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 568-579,I0014页

作者： li liu Jinming Cao Siqi hu Tinghui liu Can Xu Wensheng fu Xinguo Ma Xiaohui Yang Chongqing Key Laboratory of Green Catalytic Materials and Technology College of ChemistryChongqing Normal UniversityChongqing 401331China School of Science Hubei University of TechnologyWuhan 430068HubeiChina Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesChongqing 400714China

Transition metal chalcogenides(TMCs)are recognized as pre-catalysts,and their(oxy)hydroxides derived from electrochemical reconstruction are the active species in the water ***,understanding the role of the residual chalcogen in the reconstructed layer is lacking in detail,and the corresponding catalytic mechanism remains ***,taking Cu_(1-x)Co_(x)S as a platform,we explore the regulating effect and existence form of the residual S doped into the reconstructive layer for oxygen evolution reaction(OER),where a dual-path OER mechanism is ***-principles calculations and operando~(18)O isotopic labeling experiments jointly reveal that the residual S in the reconstructive layer of Cu_(1-x)Co_(x)S can wisely balance the adsorbate evolution mechanism(AEM)and lattice oxygen oxidation mechanism(LOM)by activating lattice oxygen and optimizing the adsorption/desorption behaviors at metal active sites,rather than change the reaction mechanism from AEM to *** such a dual-path OER mechanism,Cu_(0.4)Co_(0.6)S-derived Cu_(0.4)Co_(0.6)OSH not only overcomes the restriction of linear scaling relationship in AEM,but also avoids the structural collapse caused by lattice oxygen migration in LOM,so as to greatly reduce the OER potential and improved stability.

关键词： Electrochemical reconstruction Adsorbate evolution mechanism Lattice oxygen oxidation mechanism Oxygen evolution reaction Residual sulfur