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Nociceptors and Macrophages in Bacterial Meningitis:Partners in Crime?

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第3期40卷 418-420页

作者： fang Gao Hongzhen hu The Kimberly and Eric J.Waldman Department of Dermatology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew York NY10029USA The Nash Family Department of Neuroscience Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew York NY10029USA The Mark Lebwohl Center for Neuroinfammation and Sensation Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew York NY10029USA Friedman Brain Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew York NY10029USA

Bacterial meningitis is a serious and potentially life-threatening infection that affects the protective layers surrounding the brain and spinal cord,known as the *** types of bacteria,including Streptococcus pneumoniae,Neisseria meningitidis,and Haemophilus influenzae,can cause this *** populations,such as infants,children,immunocompromised adults,and the elderly,are particularly vulnerable to these *** of bacterial meningitis can manifest suddenly and may include high fever,severe and persistent headache,stiff neck,vomiting,sensitivity to light,and confusion or changes in mental state[1,2].Identifying these symptoms in infants can be more challenging and may lead to long-term disability or death[3].Despite the effectiveness of vaccines,it is crucial to understand how bacteria invade the brain and how our innate immune system responds to infection(Fig.1).

关键词： protective infection suddenly

Grain size effect on the assembly quality of micro-scaled barrel formed by microforming

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Advances in Manufacturing 2024年第1期12卷 19-32页

作者： Dien hu Jieyichen fang Feng Zeng Ming-Wang Fu Department of Mechanical Engineering Research Institute of Advanced ManufacturingThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongPeople’s Republic of China Xiamen Yulong Machinery Co.Ltd. Xiamen361023FujianPeople’s Republic of China

In this research,a method employing micro-extrusion was designed to produce the micro-scaled barrel-shaped parts with complex geometrical features to study the feasibility of the proposed microforming method and its grain size effect on the formability of the complicated internal features in terms of deformation behavior,material evolution,accuracy of dimensions and final components *** results reveal that the deformation behavior is highly affected by grain size and becomes unpredictable with increased grain *** addition,assembly parameters including feature dimension,tolerance and coaxiality also vary with grain size,and the variation of grain size needs to be accommodated by different assembly types,viz.,clearance fit or transition *** the microstructural evolution aspect,it was identified there were two dead zones and four shear bands,and the formation of these deformation zones was barely affected by the variation in grain *** bulges,cracks,and fracture induced voids were observed on the surface of the final components,tailoring the microstructure of the working material with finer grains could significantly avoid these *** study advances the understanding of forming microparts by extrusion processes and provides guidance for microforming of similar microparts.

关键词： Microformed part Size effect Extrusion Microstructural evolution Dimensions Assembly accuracy

Effect of catalyst diesel particulate filter aging and catalyst loadings on particulate emission characteristics from a diesel vehicle

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 35-44页

作者： Yunhua zhang Diming Lou Piqiang Tan zhiyuan hu Liang fang School of Automotive Studies Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China

In this study,the effect of new and used catalyzed diesel particulate filter(CDPF)with different catalyst loadings on the particulate emissions including the particle mass(PM),particle number(PN),particle size distribution(PSD)and geometric mean diameter(GMD)from a diesel vehicle were investigated based on a heavy chassis *** showed that more than 97.9%of the PN and 95.4%of the PM were reduced by the CDPF,and the reduction efficiency was enhanced by the catalyst *** using the CDPF,the PSD transformed from bimodal to trimodal with the peak shifting towards smaller particle size,more nucleation mode particles were reduced compared with accumulation mode ones,but the reduction effect on the accumulation mode particles was more significantly influenced by the catalyst ***,the CDPF increased the accumulation mode particles proportion,producing a larger *** the used CDPF,its reduction effect on the particulate emissions enhanced,especially for the PM in accumulation *** PSD returned to bimodal,but the peak at accumulation mode began to be higher than that at nucleation mode,illustrating that more nucleation mode particles was *** aging of the CDPF resulted in greater effect on the PN-based PSD than that of PM-based PSD,but the effect of catalyst loading on the PN and PM emission factors was *** used CDPF further increased the GMD,and the effect of catalyst loading on the GMD was strengthened,a higher catalyst loading led to a reduction in the GMD.

关键词： Catalyzed diesel particulate filter (CDPF) Catalyst loading Aging Particle Particle size distribution Geometric mean diameter

Structural characteristics and drivers of greenhouse gas emissions at county-level and long-time scales:A case study of the Anji County,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期140卷 319-330页

作者： zhouxiang Cai Liting hu Di Chen Ying zhang Xuekun fang College of Environmental&Resource Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Center for Global Change Science Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139United States Anji Meteorological Bureau Anji 313300China

To achieve carbon neutrality,the Chinese government needs to gain a comprehensive understanding of the sources and drivers of greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions,particularly at the county *** County in eastern China is a typical example of an industrial transformation from quarrying to a low-carbon *** study analyzed the decoupling types and structural characteristics of GHG emissions and the driving factors of carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emissions in the Anji from 2006 to 2019,and explored the differences between countylevel and provincial-level or city-level *** was observed that energy-related activities are the main source of GHG emissions in Anji and that economic development is the driving factor behind the increasing CO_(2)***,industrial transformation and upgradation coupled with the alternative use of clean energy limit the growth of GHG *** study details the GHG emissions of county during the industrial transformation stage and provides corresponding policy recommendations for county governments.

关键词： County GHG emissions Decoupling Driving factors Policy recommendations

Current status and challenges of pig-to-human organ xenotransplantation

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 829-831页

作者： Minghui fang Yong-Guang Yang zheng hu Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration&Transplantation of Ministry of Education and National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human DiseasesThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130061China

Organ shortage is a global *** collected by the Global Observatory on Donation and Transplantation reveals that over 150,000 solid organ transplants are conducted globally each year,a 52%increase from 2010(http://***/... 详细信息

关键词： globally global shortage

Prediction of dissolved gas content in transformer oil based on multi-information fusion

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High Voltage 2024年第3期9卷 685-699页

作者： Tongliang Yang Yun fang Chengming zhang Chao Tang Dong hu College of Engineering and Technology Southwest UniversityChongqingChina International R&D Center for New Technologies of Smart Grid and Equipment Southwest UniversityChongqingChina

In order to accurately predict the content and variation trend of dissolved gas in trans-former oil and guide the condition maintenance of power transformers,a combined prediction model based on multi-information fusion is proposed and its effectiveness is *** of all,based on the possibility of pathological and missing historical sample data,a detection and filling method based on variable weight combination samples is ***,the authors propose two *** at the non-linear and non-stationary characteristics of gas content,a univariate decomposition prediction mode HBA-VMD-TCN which based on the Honey Badger algorithm,variational mode decomposition and time convolutional network(TCN)is *** the multi-variate Informer prediction model is established for gas content affected by multiple ***,the cross-entropy theory is used to determine the weight coefficients of the two models,and the multi-information fusion combined prediction model is ***,on the basis of the above,a method to determine the time step and the position information of the transition point adaptively in the process of prediction is proposed to further improve the prediction *** results show that,through a series of simulation experiments of model comparison and transformer anomaly prediction,the accuracy and effectiveness of the combined prediction model are verified.

关键词： content prediction dissolved

Probing the interaction between asphaltene-wax and its effects on the crystallization behavior of waxes in heavy oil via molecular dynamics simulation

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Petroleum Science 2024年第4期21卷 2839-2848页

作者： Yong hu Xi Lu Hai-Bo Wang Ji-Chao fang Yi-Ning Wu Jian fang Sun SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute Shandong Key Laboratory of Oilfield Chemistry School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum (East China)

High content of asphaltenes and waxes leads to the high pour point and the poor flowability of heavy oil,which is adverse to its efficient development and its transportation in *** the interaction mechanism between asphaltene-wax is crucial to solve these problems,but it is still *** this paper,molecular dynamics simulation was used to investigate the interaction between asphaltenewax and its effects on the crystallization behavior of waxes in heavy *** show that molecules in pure wax are arranged in a paralleled *** wax molecules in heavy oil,which are close to the surface of asphaltene aggregates,are bent and arranged *** the mass fraction of asphaltenes in asphaltene-wax system(ωasp) is 0-25 wt%,the attraction among wax molecules decreases and the bend degree of wax molecules increases with the increase of ω*** ωaspincreases from 0 to 25 wt%,and the attraction between asphaltene-wax is stronger than that among *** causes that the wax precipitation point changes from 353 to 333 *** the ωaspincreases to 50 wt%,wax molecules are more dispersed owing to the steric hindrance of asphaltene aggregates,and the interaction among wax molecules transforms from attraction to *** causes that the ordered crystal structure of waxes can't be formed at normal ***,the asphaltene,with the higher molecular weight or the more hetero atoms,has more obvious inhibition to the formation of wax ***,resins also have an obvious inhibition on the wax crystal due to the formation of asphalteneresin aggregates with a larger *** results reveal the interaction mechanism between asphaltene-wax,and provide useful guidelines for the development of heavy oil.

关键词： Heavy oil Interaction mechanism Asphaltenes Waxes Molecular dynamics

Recent progress and prospects of electrolytes for electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction toward ammonia

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 3-16页

作者： Sajid Mahmood Haiyan Wang fang Chen Yijun zhong Yong hu Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials Department of ChemistryZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China The Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics(CAMB) Gulf University for Science and TechnologyMishref 32093Kuwait Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies Zhejiang Normal UniversityHangzhou 311231China

Electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction(ENRR) provides a promising strategy to achieve sustainable synthesis of ammonia. However, despite great efforts devoted to this research field, the problems such as low energy efficiency and weak selectivity still impede its practical implementation. Most of the research to date has been concentrated on creating sophisticated electrocatalysts, and adequate knowledge of electrolytes is still lacking. Herein, the recent progress in electrolytes for ENRR, including alkaline, neutral,acidic, water-in-salt, organic, ionic liquid, and mixed water-organic electrolytes, is thoroughly reviewed to obtain an in-depth understanding of their effects on electrocatalytic performance. Recently developed representative electrocatalysts in various types of electrolytes are also introduced, and future research priorities of different electrolytes are proposed to develop new and efficient ENRR systems.

关键词： Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction Ammonia Electrolytes Production rate Faradaic efficiency

Effect of Low-Temperature Thermal Oxidation on the Capillary Performance of Sintered Copper Powder Wicks

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第1期33卷 29-40页

作者： Zhu Minghan fang Runquan hu Yanxin zhANG Jiangyun SHAO Dan huANG Jin School of Material and Energy Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China School of Electric Power Engineering Guangdong Polytechnic of Water Resources and Electric EngineeringGuangzhou 510006China Research into Artifacts Guangdong Key Laboratory of Battery SafetyGuangzhou Institute of Energy testingGuangzhou 511447China

In this study,a composite powder capillary wick is prepared,manufactured by sintering copper powder and surface treated by low-temperature thermal *** is used to improve the performance of the capillary *** forced flow method and infrared imaging method are used to test the permeability and capillary performance of the *** effects of different oxidation temperatures on the performance of capillary wick are *** experimental results show that the wetting performance of the oxidized samples is significantly *** the increase of oxidation temperature,the permeability *** capillary height and velocity of the thermally oxidized samples are significantly higher than those of the untreated capillary ***,the oxidation temperature needs to be adjusted to obtain the best capillary *** highest capillary performance is found at oxidation temperature of 300℃,with an increase of 46% compared to the untreated *** with other composite wicks show that the sample with an oxidation temperature of 300℃ has competitive capillary performance,making it a favorable alternative to two-phase heat transfer *** study shows that combining low-temperature thermal oxidation technology with powder sintering is a convenient and effective method to improve the capillary performance of powder wicks.

关键词： low-temperature thermal oxidation capillary performance copper powder permeability