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Transcriptomes of Litopenaeus vannamei reveal modulation of antioxidant system induced by dietary archaeal carotenoids

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海洋湖沼学报(英文) 2023年第5期41卷 2010-2019页

作者： Wei XIE Guoru DU Honggang DENG Yingchao MA Meirong GAO hu duan Sung YIK YEONG Liying SUI State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety Tianjin University of Science&TechnologyTianjin 300457China Asian Regional Artemia Reference Center College of Marine and Environmental SciencesTianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin 300457China Institute of Marine Biotechnology(IMB) Universiti Malaysia Terengganu(UMT)Kuala NerusTerengganu 21030Malaysia

Oxidative stress induced by factors such as ammonia nitrogen has become a major issue in shrimp farming.The effects of carotenoids on the growth and antioxidant capability of Litopenaeus vannamei juveniles were investigated in this study using dietary archaeal carotenoids supplementation.For four weeks,shrimp were given diets containing 0 mg/kg(Ctrl)and 55.98 mg/kg(Car)archaeal carotenoids.Dietary archaeal carotenoids significantly enhanced the astaxanthin content in shrimp muscles and carapaces,as well as the superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activity(P<0.05).The malonaldehyde(MDA)content in Car group significantly decreased(P<0.05).The transcriptome analysis was conducted to determine the molecular processes in response to archaeal carotenoids supplementation.A total of 1536 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were detected,including 538 upregulated DEGs and 998 downregulated DEGs.GO functional enrichment analysis between Ctrl and Car indicated that 26 GO terms including extracellular region,metabolic process,and proteolysis were enriched.The KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism,cysteine and methionine metabolism,glycine serine and threonine metabolism,and amino acid biosynthesis were enriched.Archaeal carotenoids influenced the expression of several important genes involved in reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation,Nrf2 signaling,and antioxidant enzymes.Seven DEGs were chosen to confirm the RNA-Seq data using qRT-PCR.The genes and pathways discovered in this work assist to elucidate the molecular processes through which archaeal carotenoid enhances L.vannamei antioxidative system.

关键词： archaeal carotenoid Litopenaeus vannamei transcriptome antioxidative mechanism

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Target slinging of droplets with a flexible cantilever

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液滴(英文) 2023年第3期2卷 79-89页

作者： Wei Fang Shun Wang hu duan Shahid Ali Tahir Kaixuan Zhang Lixia Wang Xi-Qiao Feng Meirong Song College of Science Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina Applied Mechanics Laboratory Department of Engineering MechanicsInstitute of Biomechanics and Medical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina

Control of the directional bounce of droplets impacting solid surfaces is crucial for many agricultural and industrial applications.However,for the universal impact process of raindrops on plant leaves,little is known about how the highly coupled and complicated fluid–structure interaction controls the postimpact motion of droplets and endows the leaves with tenacious vitality.Here,we report a leaf-like superhydrophobic cantilever to flexibly bounce droplets with well-defined directionality and controllability.Through theoretical modeling and three-dimensional fluid–solid coupling simulations,we find that the flexible cantilever significantly relieves the impacting forces of raindrops to reduce droplet fragmentation and enhance water repellency.The results further uncover the scaling relations of the droplet bouncing direction with respect to Weber number and cantilever stiffness.By this technique,the seemed disorganized postimpact movements of droplets are programmable and predictable,achieving the goal of where to point and where to hit automatically.This work advances the understanding of natural droplet impact phenomena,opens a new avenue for delicately controlling liquid motion in space with soft materials,and inspires a plethora of applications like soft robots to transport materials and energies,monitor plant growth as well as predict pathogen transmission in plants.

关键词： cantilever directional fragmentation

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萃取法生物油基再生沥青性能及再生机理

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长安大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第2期44卷 12-21页

作者：冯新军傅豪段湖杰长沙理工大学交通运输工程学院湖南长沙410114

为了研究萃取法生物油作为再生剂的可行性,采用自行研制的萃取法生物油基再生剂(SW)分别制备生物油基再生基质沥青和生物油基再生SBS改性沥青。通过常规性能试验、动态剪切流变和弯曲梁流变对2种再生沥青的性能进行评价,采用傅里叶红外... 详细信息

为了研究萃取法生物油作为再生剂的可行性,采用自行研制的萃取法生物油基再生剂(SW)分别制备生物油基再生基质沥青和生物油基再生SBS改性沥青。通过常规性能试验、动态剪切流变和弯曲梁流变对2种再生沥青的性能进行评价,采用傅里叶红外光谱、凝胶渗透色谱分析2种沥青的再生机理。研究结果表明:添加掺量(质量分数)为8%、10%的SW再生剂均可将老化基质沥青和老化SBS改性沥青的三大指标和黏度恢复至原样沥青水平;在SW再生剂的作用下,老化基质沥青和老化SBS改性沥青的高温稳定性显著下降,低温抗裂性显著提升,且均能恢复至原样沥青水平;SW再生剂在老化沥青中主要以物理共混形式存在,但仍存在苯酚与甲醛缩聚和烯烃类物质氧化裂解等化学反应;SW再生剂富含大量轻质组分,对老化沥青具有显著的稀释作用;其所含的酚基化合物可促使老化沥青中的高分子量组分转化为小分子量组分,从而导致大分子物质和中分子物质质量分数降低,小分子物质质量分数增加,分散性指数减小,进而改善老化沥青组分的相容性和分子量分布。

关键词：道路工程萃取法生物油试验研究 SW再生剂再生沥青路用性能再生机理

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Eff ect of polystyrene microplastics and temperature on growth,intestinal histology and immune responses of brine shrimp Artemia franciscana

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2021年第3期39卷 979-988页

作者： Xuekai HAN Yuyu ZHENG Chaoling DAI hu duan Meirong GAO Md Rayhan ALI Liying SUI Asian Regional Artemia Reference Center Tianjin Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and ChemistryCollege of Marine and Environmental SciencesTianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin 300457China

Microplastics pollution and seawater temperature rise have been the major environmental issues,threatening the survival and biodiversity of marine organisms.This study evaluated the combined effect of temperature and polystyrene microplastics(MP)on Artemia,a filter-feeding crustacean that is widely used for environmental toxicology studies.Brine shrimp Artemia franciscana were exposed to three MP concentrations(0,0.2,and 2.0 mg/L)and three temperatures(22,26,and 30℃)for 14 d.In general,higher MP concentration and temperature led to a decreased survival rate and growth.Two-way ANOVA analysis indicated that the survival rate of Artemia was significantly impacted by both MP concentration and temperature(P0.05).Growth of Artemia was significantly impacted by temperature(P<0.05),and with a significant interaction between two factors(P<0.05).Furthermore,the enzymatic activity,intestinal histological analyses,and immune gene expression were determined for Artemia reared at 30℃ with three MP concentrations(0,0.2,and 2.0 mg/L).The results showed that 2.0-mg/L MP resulted in reduced Artemia intestinal microvilli and exfoliated epithelia cells,significantly increased acid phosphatase(ACP)activity(P<0.05)and immunerelated gene ADRA1 B and CREB3 expression,revealing that higher MP concentration could induce oxidative and immunological stress on Artemia at 30℃.Overall,our study suggests that MP and temperature have combined adverse effect on Artemia,especially at relatively high temperature and polystyrene MP concentration.These findings are important to understand the potential ecological risks posed by these two factors on the organisms in marine environment.

关键词： Artemia franciscana combined effect microplastics temperature

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Coupled conditional nonlinear optimal perturbations and their application to ENSO ensemble forecasts

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第3期67卷 826-842页

作者： Wansuo duan Lei hu Rong FENG LASG Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Limitations are existed in current ensemble forecasting initial perturbation methods for describing the interactions among various spheres of the Earth system. In this study, a new method is proposed, namely, the coupled conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation(C-CNOP) method, which incorporates multisphere interactions much appropriately. The El Nino-Southern Oscillation(ENSO) is a typical ocean-atmosphere “coupling”(or “interaction”) phenomenon. The C-CNOP method is applied to ensemble forecasting of ENSO. It is demonstrated that the C-CNOP method can generate coupled initial perturbations(CPs) that appropriately consider initial ocean-atmosphere coupling uncertainty for ENSO ensemble forecasts. Results reveal that the CPs effectively improve the ability of ENSO ensemble-mean forecasts in both temporal variability of Nio3.4 sea surface temperature anomalies(SSTAs) and spatial variability of ENSO mature-phase SSTAs. Notably, despite the weakest ocean-atmosphere coupling strength in the tropical Pacific occurring during the boreal spring and summer, CPs still capture the uncertainties of this weak coupling when ENSO predictions are initialized at these seasons. This performance of CPs significantly suppresses the rapid increase of ENSO prediction errors due to the high ocean-atmosphere coupling instability during these seasons, and thus effectively extends the lead time of skillful ENSO forecasting. Hence, the C-CNOP method is a suitable initial perturbation approach for ENSO ensemble forecast that can describe initial ocean-atmosphere coupling uncertainty. It is expected that the CCNOP method plays a significant role in predictions of other high-impact climate phenomena, and even future Earth system predictions.

关键词： Ensemble forecast Multisphere interaction Initial perturbations ENSO

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HPLC-MS/MS法测定人血浆中奈玛特韦和利托那韦浓度

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中国新药与临床杂志 2024年第1期43卷 57-61页

作者：徐宗良李盛建钱跹段虎周瑾张倩倩董昕赵亮上海大学医学院上海200444 上海市宝山区罗店医院药剂科上海201908

目的建立高效液相色谱质谱联用(HPLC-MS/MS)法测定人血浆奈玛特韦和利托那韦的血药浓度,并应用于治疗药物监测。方法血浆样品经蛋白沉淀后测定,流动相为0.1%甲酸水溶液(A相)、乙腈(B相),采用等度洗脱,流速为0.3 m L·min^(-1),柱温为40... 详细信息

目的建立高效液相色谱质谱联用(HPLC-MS/MS)法测定人血浆奈玛特韦和利托那韦的血药浓度,并应用于治疗药物监测。方法血浆样品经蛋白沉淀后测定,流动相为0.1%甲酸水溶液(A相)、乙腈(B相),采用等度洗脱,流速为0.3 m L·min^(-1),柱温为40℃,使用EC-C18色谱柱,正离子模式下进行多反应监测。结果用于定量分析的离子通道分别为m/z 500→110(奈玛特韦),m/z721.2→296.3(利托那韦),m/z 614.4→421(内标瑞德西韦)。人血浆中奈玛特韦在0.01~10μg·mL^(-1)、利托那韦在0.01~2.0μg·mL^(-1)浓度范围内线性关系良好,提取回收率分别为79.56%~89.91%、82.03%~89.56%,日间及日内的RSD均小于15%,并且稳定性良好。采用该方法检测了34例新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)患者口服Paxlovid后的血药浓度,血药浓度范围在1.04~18.0μg·mL^(-1)之间。结论本研究建立的HPLC-MS/MS方法检测快速,灵敏度高,准确性好,能应用于COVID-19患者服用Paxlovid后的血药浓度监测。

关键词：色谱法高压液相串联质谱法奈玛特韦利托那韦血药浓度

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基于医疗失效模式与效应分析的消化内镜清洗消毒管理模式的建立及效果评价

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中国消毒学杂志 2024年第3期41卷 192-195页

作者：王守琦王靓胡端敏周维霞苏州大学附属第二医院江苏苏州215004

目的构建基于医疗失效模式与效应分析(HFMEA)的消化内镜清洗消毒优化流程,并评价其应用效果。方法选择某医院2021年1—4月临床送洗的200条消毒消化内镜作为对照组,按照WS 507—2016《软式内镜清洗消毒技术规范》清洗消毒;同年8—10月... 详细信息

目的构建基于医疗失效模式与效应分析(HFMEA)的消化内镜清洗消毒优化流程,并评价其应用效果。方法选择某医院2021年1—4月临床送洗的200条消毒消化内镜作为对照组,按照WS 507—2016《软式内镜清洗消毒技术规范》清洗消毒;同年8—10月消化内镜200条作为观察组,应用HFMEA方法,分析消化内镜清洗消毒的失效模式和潜在风险原因,计算优先风险数(RPN),对需要优先解决的问题提出改进措施,并对实施HFMEA前后的效果进行评价。结果观察组消化内镜ATP残留量、残留蛋白量及RPN值明显低于对照组(P<0.05),质量管理项目中蛋白残留、预处理不充分、终末处理不规范、酶液使用不规范和内镜清洗不规范的发生率均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论应用HFMEA模式可有效提高消化内镜清洗消毒效果,降低消化内镜质量管理不合格率。

关键词：医疗失效模式与效应分析消化内镜清洗消毒效果评价

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Improving the high cycle fatigue property of Ti6Al4V ELI alloy by optimizing the surface integrity through electric pulse combined with ultrasonic surface rolling process

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第3期170卷 103-121页

作者： Pengfei Sun Shengguan Qu Chenfeng duan Xiongfeng hu Xiaoqiang Li National Engineering Research Center of Near-Net-Shape Forming for Metallic Materials South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China

To improve the surface integrity and high cycle fatigue property of Ti6Al4V ELI alloy,the electric pulse has been introduced into the ultrasonic surface rolling process(USRP),which is called electric pulse-assisted ultrasonic surface rolling process(EUSRP).With the help of“electroplasticity”of the electric pulse,the thickness of the surface gradient deformation layer was about three times of the USRP specimens by adjusting the pulse current level.However,the surface hardness decreases due to the continuous effect of the pulse current and the“skin effect”during treatment.It is worth noting that the higher the applied pulse current,the more severe the softening.This paradox causes the fatigue performance of EUSRP specimens lower than that of USRP specimens.To break this paradox,the EUSRP treatment is followed by a USRP treatment.The EUSRP-2(with a pulse current of 200 A)+USRP specimens exhibit excellent surface hardness,a gradient deformation layer thickness of about 400μm,low surface roughness and high compressive residual compressive stress.Besides,the hardening mechanisms of the different surface strengthening specimens have been quantitatively analyzed in combination with microstructure analysis.The fatigue life of Ti6Al4V ELI alloy can be improved by about 25 times at 780 MPa using the EUSRP-2+USRP treatment,the main reason for the highest fatigue life is the deepest surface gradient layer and the deepest crack initiation site.The fatigue limit of the EUSRP-2+USRP specimens is not the highest because too much surface hardening causes compressive residual stress relaxation during cycling and the beneficial effect of compressive residual stress is eliminated.

关键词： Ti6Al4V ELI alloy Combined surface treatment Transmission electron microscopy Residual stress Fatigue performance

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Transient flameout process of boron-magnesium agglomerates during combustion in oxygen-rich atmospheres

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Particuology 2024年第5期88卷 290-301页

作者： Lian duan Zhixun Xia Yunchao Feng Binbin Chen Likun Ma Jianxin hu College of Aerospace Science and Engineering National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China School of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics Xiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105China

In this study,boron–magnesium agglomerates with varying mass ratios were prepared by drying a micron-sized boron–magnesium mixed suspension,and the combustion process of these agglomerates under different oxygen-rich concentrations were investigated using a laser ignition system.The test results showed that when the mass fraction of magnesium powder in boron-magnesium agglomerates exceeded a certain threshold(between 2%and 5%),flame extinction and reignition occurred after a significant reduction in the agglomerate volume during combustion.This process is referred to as the transient flameout process,which is affected by the magnesium content of the agglomerate and the oxygen concentration in the ambient atmosphere.An increase in the magnesium content or oxygen concentration makes this phenomenon more pronounced.During weakening of the flame intensity,a dark film gradually covered the particle surfaces.X-ray diffraction and elemental analyses of the cross-section and outer surface of the condensed combustion product suggested that the dark film is primarily composed of Mg-B-O ternary oxides.This film prevents direct contact between boron and oxygen,thereby inhibiting surface and gas-phase reactions and leading to the occurrence of the transient flameout phenomenon.

关键词： Agglomerated particle Boron–magnesium fuel Boron combustion Transient flameout process Solid fuel ramjet

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S-,P-stabilized bromoallenes for modular allenylborylation of alkenes

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第1期67卷 360-367页

作者： Jixin Wang Donghao Luo Ying hu Zhili duan Jianlin Yao Konstantin Karaghiosoff Jie Li Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province Suzhou Key Laboratory of Pathogen Bioscience and Anti-infective MedicineCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China Department Chemie Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat MunchenButenandtstr.5-13Haus F81377 MunichGermany State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical TransformationsCollege of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

Simultaneously forming a carbon-carbon and a carbon-heteroatom bond in a single step through transition metal-catalyzed alkene difunctionalization strategy has emerged as a powerful tool for synthetic organic chemistry.Due to the uncontrollable reactivity,direct cross-coupling with bromoallenes as the building blocks for the selective allenation and borylation remains challenging.We herein report a new type of S-and P-stabilized bromoallenes for palladium-catalyzed modular allenation and borylation of alkenes to the divergent synthesis of multiply functionalized allenes in a highly regio-and diastereoselective manifold.The reaction features broad substrate scope and wide functional group compatibility,thus providing a straightforward method to install allenyl and boryl groups across alkenes.Control experiments highlight the crucial importance of S-,P-stabilization for the oxidative insertion of Pd-species into the allenyl-Br bond.The facile syntheses of bioactive allenic steroids and exocyclic allenes demonstrate the synthetic utility of this protocol.

关键词： alkene difunctionalization olefins bromoallenes allenylborylation palladium

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