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Schistosomiasis control in Senegal:results from community data analysis for optimizing preventive chemotherapy intervention with praziquantel

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第6期12卷 101-102页

作者： Boubacar Diop Khadime Sylla NDèye MBackéKane Oumou Kaltoum Boh Babacar Guèye Mady Ba Idrissa Talla Malang Mané Rose Monteil Boniface Kinvi honorat gustave marie zoure Jorge Cano Ortega Pauline Mwinzi Moussa Sacko Babacar Faye Programme National de Lutte Contre les Bilharzioses et les Géo-Helminthiases Direction de la Lutte Contre la Maladie (DLM) Ministère de la Santé et de l’Action Sociale (MSAS) Dakar Senegal Department of Parasitology and Mycology Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odontology Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar (UCAD) Dakar Senegal WHO Country Office Dakar Senegal Département de Santé Publique Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université Amadou Hampathé Ba Dakar Senegal FHI 360 Chargé des Enquêtes et Evaluation des Maladies et des Campagnes de DMM Dakar Senegal Expanded Special Project for Elimination of Neglected Tropical Diseases (ESPEN) WHO Africa Regional Office Brazzaville Congo Service de Parasitologie Institut National de Santé Publique (INSP) Bamako Mali

Background Over the past two decades,preventive chemotherapy(PC)with praziquantel(PZQ)is the major strategy for controlling schistosomiasis in *** objective of this analysis was to update the endemicity of schistosomiasis at community level for better targeting mass treatment with PZQ in *** Demographic and epidemiological data from 1610 community health areas were analyzed using the schistosomiasis community data analysis tool of Expanded Special Project for Elimination of Neglected Tropical Diseases which developed by World Health Organization/Africa Ofce(WHO/AFRO).The tool uses a WHO/AFRO decision tree for areas without epidemiological data to determine whether mass treatment should be continued at community *** analysis was *** Overall,the endemicity of 1610 community health areas were updated based on the data from the district endemicity(33.5%)and the form of Join request for selected PC medicine(40.5%).Up to 282(17.5%)and 398(24.7%)of community health areas were classifed as moderate and high endemicity.41.1%of communities were non *** endemicity was more important in Tambacounda,Saint Louis,Matam,Louga and Kedougou.A change in endemicity category was observed when data was disagregted from district level to community *** units classifed non endemic were more important at community level(n=666)compared to district level(n=324).Among 540 areas previously classifed high endemic at district level,392(72.6%)remained high prevalence category,while 92(17.0%)became moderate,43(8.0%)low and 13(2.4%)non-endemics at community *** of implementation units requiring PC was more important at district level(1286)compared to community level(944).Number of school aged children requiring treatment was also more important at district level compared to community *** The analysis to disaggregate data from district level to community level using the WHO/AFRO schistosomiasis sub-distric

关键词： Schistosomiasis Community data analysis Endemicity Praziquantel Senegal

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Chronic Lymphoedema and Bone Infarction: Rare Complications of Multiple Segmental Fractures of the Lower Limb in a Young Adult

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第3期12卷 79-84页

作者： Ngo Yamben marie-Ange Nana Chunteng Theophile Nseme Etouckey Eric Muluem Kennedy Olivier Tsiagadigui Tsiagadigui Jean gustave Ndongo Mvela Laurent Stephane Manga Alexandre Guifo Marc Leroy Faculty of Medecine and Biomedical Sciences Department of Surgery and Specialities University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon National Center of Rehabilitation of Disabilities Persons Yaounde Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences Department of Surgery University of Buea Buea Cameroon Teaching Hospital of Yaounde Yaounde Cameroun

Multiple segmental fractures of the lower limbs, common in developing countries, are the prerogative of Road Traffic Accidents (RTA) involving two-wheeled vehicles. Their management is difficult, associated with complications, and is most often based on a two-stage strategy: Damage Control Orthopaedics, followed by delayed internal osteosynthesis. The aim is to allow early functional rehabilitation and rapid recovery of patients. We report the case of a 39-year-old man, bike rider, after his RTA, presented with segmental homolateral fractures of the femur and two bones of the left leg. Short-term evolution was marked by the appearance of significant lymphedema and bone infarctions of the lower left limb necessitating a transfemoral amputation. Through this observation, the authors highlight the problems related to the complexity of the management of multiple segmental fractures of the lower limb by emphasizing two post-traumatic complications rarely described but to be feared: chronic lymphedema and bone infarction.

关键词： Lymphœdema Multiple Fractures Bone Infarction Amputation Damage Control Orthopaedic

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护身符——关于弃女的短篇

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十月 2023年第1期 87-102页

作者： [法]勒克莱齐奥董强(译) 不详

译者序关于勒克莱齐奥,中国读者其实不乏信息源。有意“追踪”他的细心读者,可以看到诸多与他相关的消息。原因很简单,因为他真的喜爱中国,热爱到了专门写了一部关于中国唐诗的著作,法语题目很长,叫《诗歌的长河将奔腾不息》。笔者有幸... 详细信息

译者序关于勒克莱齐奥,中国读者其实不乏信息源。有意“追踪”他的细心读者,可以看到诸多与他相关的消息。原因很简单,因为他真的喜爱中国,热爱到了专门写了一部关于中国唐诗的著作,法语题目很长,叫《诗歌的长河将奔腾不息》。笔者有幸与他合作,合写此书,并将它译成了中文,以《唐诗之路》的题目在人民文学出版社出版。

关键词：勒克莱齐奥唐诗之路奔腾不息译者序信息源中国唐诗护身符人民文学出版社

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Obstetric Brachial Plexus Palsy of Newborns and Infants: Functional Outcomes after Rehabilitation by Their Own Parents

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第4期12卷 212-224页

作者： Ngo Yamben marie-Ange Manga Alexandre Muluem Kennedy Mvondo Obama Serge Arnaud Nseme Etouckey Eric Nana Chunteng Theophile Tsiagadigui Tsiagadigui Jean-gustave Mosoh Franklin Muluh Mbassi Awa Ibrahima Farikou Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaounde Cameroon National Centre for the Rehabilitation of Persons with Disabilities in Yaoundé Yaounde Cameroon Yaoundé General Hospital Yaounde Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Cameroon Mother-Children Center of the Chantal Biya Foundation of Yaoundé Yaounde Cameroon

Introduction: Obstetric palsy of the brachial plexus (OPBP) is a paralytic lesion common to obstetric trauma, whose clinical presentation varies according to the severity and extent of the root lesions at birth. Early and appropriate rehabilitation is necessary in order to improve the functional prognosis of the injured limb. Under special conditions, parents could carry out this physiotherapy themselves. Objective: The aim of this work was to assess limb functional recovery in newborns and infants with OPBP after rehabilitation by their parents. Patients and Methods: We conducted a prospective study at the NCRDP in Yaoundé over a period of 18 months. We included all patients aged 0 to 2 years with OPBP, isolated or associated with other lesions and followed at least two (02) years at the NCRDP. Results: We recruited 69 cases. The hospital frequency of OPBP was estimated at 1.02%. The age at first consultation was [0 - 28 d] in 50.8% of cases. The sex ratio was 0.68. The right side was reached in 54.4% of cases. The Erb’s palsy predominated in 79.7% of cases. The risk factors for OPBP were vaginal delivery, cephalic presentation, shoulder dystocia and macrosomia. Physiotherapy was performed as prescribed in 94.9% of cases allowing excellent and good functional recovery in 76.81% of cases. Conclusion: In the care of their children’s OPBP rehabilitation by sensitized, actively involved and supervised parents would be a good alternative to professional physiotherapy in all situations where the latter would not be possible.

关键词： Obstetric Palsy Brachial Plexus Functional Rehabilitation Macrosomia Childbirth Dystocia

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Multiple Myeloma: Modification and Adaptation of Plasma Cell Morphology Algorithm for the Prognosis of Congolese Patient

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Open Journal of Blood Diseases 2022年第2期12卷 29-38页

作者： Jean Pierre Mufuta Ntolo Ritha Nyembu Kibambe Luc Kapia Lunkamba Paola Bilonda Kalonji Blaise Sumbu gustave Ilunga Ntita Jean marie Mbuyi Muamba Jérémie Muwonga Madidi Donatien Kayembe Nzongola Department of Medical Biology Ngaliema Clinic Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Clinical Biology Service University Clinics of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Department of Rheumatology University Clinics of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo

Objectives: To determine the multiple myeloma (MM) prognostic formulas applicable in Congolese with many aberrant and/or immature plasma cells according to GOASGUEN’s plasma cell morphology algorithm (PMA). Methods: The prospective, observational and descriptive study was carried out at the Ngaliema Clinic in Kinshasa from July 2016 to December 2019. The variables studied were the plasma cell types and the prognosis groups according to GOASGUEN and ZANDECKI. The nucleolus, the chromatin and the N/C ratio of 2 for each plasma cell encountered in multiple myeloma are examined in order by asking three successive questions as follows: 1) Is the nucleolus present? If yes, we denote 1;if not, note 0;2) Is the chromatin thin? If yes, we score 1;if not we score 0;3) The N/C ratio is greater than 6, if so, 1 is noted;if not, we note 0. We obtain a number with 3 successive digits preceded by the letter P for each plasma cell. Results: The overall rate of immature plasma cells and aberrant plasma cells in MM among Congolese was high at 26.6%. Their integration in the prognostic formulas showed for group A" = 22 patients, group B" = 5 patients and group C" = 32 patients. Examination of plasma cell types in the deceased showed that 14/17 had a P001 plasma cell count ≥ 15%. Conclusion: The high rate of aberrant and/or immature plasma cells, the P001 plasma cell type at a rate ≥ 15%, found mostly in group C" with poor prognosis, are responsible for the aggressive nature of MM in Congolese Blacks.

关键词： Plasma Cell Morphology Algorithm Plasma Cell Types Aberrant Plasma Cells Immature Plasma Cells Multiple Myeloma

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Delayed-release oral mesalamine tablet mimicking a small jejunal gastrointestinal stromal tumor:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第19期10卷 6710-6715页

作者： Fabio Frosio Emanuele Rausa Paolo Marra marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault Alessandro Lucianetti Department of General Surgery ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII HospitalBergamo 24127Italy Department of Radiology ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII HospitalBergamo 24127Italy Paris-Saclay University UVSQInsermGustave RoussyExposome and Heredity TeamCentre for Epidemiology and Population Health(CESP U1018)Villejuif 94800France

BACKGROUND Enteric-coated medications are supposed to pass intact through the gastric environment and to release the drug content into the small intestine or the *** dissolution of the enteric coating,they may appear hyperdense on computed tomography(CT).Unfortunately,few reports have been published on this topic so *** this case report,the hyperdense appearance on contrastenhanced CT of an enteric-coated mesalamine tablet was initially misinterpreted as a jejunal gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST).CASE SUMMARY An asymptomatic 81-year-old male patient,who had undergone laparoscopic right nephrectomy four years earlier for stage 1 renal carcinoma,was diagnosed with a jejunal GIST at the 4-year follow-up thoraco-abdominal CT *** was referred to our hub hospital for gastroenterological evaluation,and subsequently underwent 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography,abdominal magnetic resonance imaging,and video capsule *** of these examinations detected any lesion of the small *** reviewing all the CT images in a multidisciplinary setting,the panel estimated that the hyperdense jejunal image was consistent with a tablet rather than a *** tablet was an 800 mg delayed-release enteric-coated oral mesalamine tablet(Asacol®),which had been prescribed for non-specific colitis,while not informing the hospital *** Delayed-release oral mesalamine(Asacol®),like other enteric-coated medications,can appear as a hyperdense image on a CT scan,mimicking a small intestinal ***,adetailed knowledge of the patients’medications and a multidisciplinary review of the images areessential.

关键词： Mesalamine Enteric-coating Asacol Tablet Gastrointestinal stromal tumor Case report

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Presymptomatic Diagnosis and Gene Therapy for Alzheimer’s Disease: Genomic, Therapeutic, and Ethical Aspects—A Systematic Review

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Advances in Alzheimer's Disease 2023年第4期12卷 55-74页

作者： Théodora M. Zohoncon Joseph Sawadogo Abdoul Karim Ouattara Abdou Azaque zoure marie N. L. Ouedraogo Paul Ouedraogo Florencia W. Djigma Christelle W. M. Nadembèga Raphael Kabore Djénéba Ouermi Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah Jacques Simpore Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Faculty of Medicine University Saint Thomas d’Aquin (USTA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire H&#244pital Saint Camille de Ouagadougou (HOSCO) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique (LABIOGENE) Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouaga Burkina Département de Biochimie microbiologie Université Norbert Zongo/Centre Universitaire de Manga Koudougou Burkina Faso Department of Microbiology and Immunology School of Medical Sciences University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana

Over the past three decades, genomic and epigenetic sciences have identified more than 70 genes involved in the molecular pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). DNA methylation, abnormal histone and chromatin regulation and the action of various miRNAs induce AD. The identification of mutated genes has paved the way for the development of diagnostic kits and the initiation of gene therapy trials. However, despite major advances in neuroscience research, there is yet no suitable treatment for AD. Therefore, the early diagnosis of this neurodegenerative disease raises several ethical questions, including the balance between the principle of non-maleficence and the principle of beneficence. The aims of this research were to present the genomic and ethical aspects of AD, and to highlight the ethical principles involved in its presymptomatic diagnosis and therapy. A systematic review of the literature in PubMed, Google Scholar and Science Direct was carried out to outline the genomic aspects and ethical principles relating not only to the presymptomatic diagnosis of AD, but also to its gene therapy. A total of 16 publications were selected. AD is a multifactorial disease that can be genetically classified into Sporadic Alzheimer’s Disease and Familial Alzheimer’s Disease based on family history. Gene therapy targeting specific disease-causing genes is a promising therapeutic strategy. Advancements in artificial intelligence applications may enable the prediction of AD onset several years in advance. While early diagnosis of AD may empower patients with full decision competence for early decision-making, it also carries implications for the patient’s family members, who are at risk of developing the disease, potentially becoming a source of confusion or anxiety. AD has a significant impact on the life of individuals at risk and their families. Given the absence of disease modifying therapy, genetic screening and early diagnosis for this condition raise ethical issue

关键词： Neurodegenerative Diseases Alzheimer’s Disease Molecular Mechanism Gene Therapy Presymptomatic Diagnosis Ethics Gene Therapy Ethics

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Gene therapy for Parkinson’s Disease and Ethical Challenges: A Systematic Review

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Advances in Parkinson's Disease 2023年第2期12卷 9-28页

作者： Théodora M. Zohoncon Joseph Sawadogo Abdou Azaque zoure Abdoul Karim Ouattara marie N. L. Ouedraogo Luc Zongo Paul Ouedraogo Florencia W. Djigma Christelle W. M. Nadembèga Raphael Kabore Djénéba Ouermi Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah Jacques Simpore Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Centre (CERBA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Faculty of Medicine University Saint Thomas d’Aquin (USTA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Saint Camille Hospital Ouagadougou (HOSCO) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Molecular Biology and Genetics Laboratory (LABIOGENE) Joseph KI-ZERBO University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso National Center for Scientific and Technological Research (CNRST/IRSS) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Norbert Zongo University/Manga University Centre Koudougou Burkina Faso Department of Microbiology and Immunology School of Medical Sciences University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a complex, multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder with a pathophysiology deriving from the synergy of abnormal aggregation of neuroinflammation, synuclein and dysfunction of lysosomes, mitochondria and synaptic transport difficulties influenced by genetic and idiopathic factors. Worldwide, PD has a prevalence of 2-3% in people over the age of 65. To date, there is no certified, effective treatment for PD. Aim: The aims of this research were: (i) to present, on the basis of recent advances in molecular genetics and epigenetics, the genomic aspects and challenges of gene therapy trials for PD;(ii) to outline the ethical principles applicable to therapeutic trials for PD. Method: A systematic literature review was carried out to identify relevant articles reporting on genomic aspects and gene therapy in PD from 2001 to October 2023. The search was conducted in French and/or English in three databases: PubMed, Google Scholar and Science Direct. PRISMA guidelines were used in this systematic review. Results: A total of thirty-three publications were selected. An inductive thematic analysis revealed that numerous genetic mutations (SNCA, Parkin, PINK1, DJ-1, LRRK2, ATP13A2, VPS35, Parkin/PRKN, PINK1, DJ1/PARK7) and epigenetic events such as the action of certain miRNAs (miR-7, miR-153, miR-133b, miR-124, miR-137) are responsible for the onset of PD, and that genetic therapy for this pathology raises ethical questions that need to be elucidated in the light of the bioethical principles of autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence and justice. Conclusion: There is no zero risk in biotechnology. Then, it will be necessary to assess all the potential risks of Parkinson disease’s gene therapy to make the right decision. It is therefore essential to pursue research and, with the guidance of ethics, to advance treatment options and meet the challenges of brain manipulation and its impact on human identity. The golden rule of medicine remai

关键词： Neurodegenerative Diseases Parkinson Disease Molecular Mechanism Gene Therapy Gene Therapy Ethics

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A Retrospective Analysis of the Patterns and Outcomes of Tile B and Tile C Pelvic Fractures in Cameroon

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2023年第4期13卷 157-167页

作者： Chunteng Theophile Nana Tsiagadigui Tsiagadigui Jean gustave Ngo Yamben marie-Ange Batchom Daudet Bombah Freddy Muluem Kenedy Mokake Divine Ngomba Ekani Boukar Mahamat Ali Mahamat Takou Bougoue Andre Gaetan Simo Wambo Tagakou Mboula Christian Fotso Ndasi Henry Pius Fokam Department of Surgery Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Department of Surgery and Specialties Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon Department of Surgery and Specialties Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon

Background: Pelvic fractures constitute about 2% - 8% of all fractures. This incidence may rise up to 25% in poly-traumatised patients. These fractures have a high mortality rate due to the fact that they occur usually as a result of high energy trauma, and most of the injured are poly-traumatised with concomitant haemodynamic instability. The aim of this study is to describe the patterns of injury and complications of unstable pelvic fractures treated in a level III hospital in Cameroon. Methodology: This was a hospital based retrospective analysis of files of patients admitted and treated for unstable pelvic fractures at the Regional Hospital Limbe within a period of 10 years (from 1st of January 2009 to 31st of December 2018). Results: A total of 139 cases of pelvic fractures were identified, amongst which 77 were unstable;68 were finally analyzed. The ages ranged from 18 to 80 years with a mean of 39 ± 5 years. The age group from 20 - 40 years was most represented (58.88%, n = 40). There were 45 males and 23 females giving a sex-ratio of 2:1. Road traffic injuries accounted for most of the cases (73.53%, n = 50). Forty-five (66.2%) were classified Tile B and 23 (33.82%) were Tile C, and 15 cases were open fractures (22.06%). Associated lesions were recorded in 30 cases, fractures of the lower extremity being the most common (33.33%, n = 10). Most of the cases were definitively treated surgically (80.89%, n = 55). The most common complications were surgical site infections (23.64%, n = 13). Conclusion: Unstable pelvic fractures are relatively common. Young males in the age group 20 - 40 years are the most affected, and the most common cause of injury was road traffic accident. Surgical site infections, pressure ulcers, severe anaemia and thrombo-embolism are common complications.

关键词： Unstable Pelvic Fracture Patterns Complications Cameroon

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想象与记忆

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外国文学研究 2016年第1期38卷 11-15页

作者：勒克莱齐奥施雪莹南京大学外国语学院

写作是属于当下的。它以记忆为素材,却不囿于事实本身,反而经由想象加工,创造出一个只属于作家本人的世界。由此可见,想象与记忆构成了文学创作中两个至关重要的因素。随着年岁增长,作者得以通过书写记忆,愈发深入地走进自我的内心世界... 详细信息

写作是属于当下的。它以记忆为素材,却不囿于事实本身,反而经由想象加工,创造出一个只属于作家本人的世界。由此可见,想象与记忆构成了文学创作中两个至关重要的因素。随着年岁增长,作者得以通过书写记忆,愈发深入地走进自我的内心世界,逐渐挖掘出深藏内心的作品。但基于某种语言文字的文本世界毕竟不同于现实世界。二者虽密不可分,作者却时刻捕捉着记忆背后个体的、不同于现实的生命体验,并通过文本将之表达出来。由此,文学创作才得以构建出一个与现实中的此刻并行的、想象中的现在,使之成为作者栖居的完美之所。

关键词：想象记忆文学创作

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