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Situation of Water, Hygiene and Sanitation in a Peri-Urban Area in Benin, West Africa: The Case of Sèmè-Podji

Journal of Environmental Protection 2014年第12期5卷 1277-1283页

作者： Roch Christian Johnson Hadehou Segla Tamègnon Victorien Dougnon Gratien Boni honoré Sourou bankole Christophe Houssou Michel Boko Laboratory of Hygiene Sanitation Toxicology and Environmental Health Interfaculty Center of Training and Research in Environment for the Sustainable Development University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Cotonou Benin Research Laboratory in Applied Biology Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin

This study aimed to analyze the environmental factors related to health vulnerability in the municipality of Sèmè-Podji. For this study, 216 households were surveyed using questionnaires. Twelve key informants were enrolled for depth interviews and 18 water samples were collected from different sources used by the populations. It came out of our investigations that water from traditional sources used at Sèmè-Podji was contaminated by various microorganisms such as Escherichia coli and fecal coliforms. 66.38% of households reject domestic waste and 47.41% of them evacuate sewage in the yard. In addition, 93.05% drop stagnant water for natural infiltration. This municipality faces lack of sanitation. The main health problems experienced by people were malaria (46.35%), diarrheal diseases (15.88%). The study stated some results which could improve the help about health management in the area.

关键词： Sèmè-Podji Environment Health Vulnerability Population

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Case-by-Case Surveillance for Bacterial Meningitis in Benin: Data Analysis, 2016 to 2018

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2020年第1期10卷 1-14页

作者： Togbemabou Primous Godjedo Moussiliou Noel Paraiso Alidehou Jerrold Agbankpe Tamegnon Victorien Dougnon Cyriaque Degbey Angele Ahoyo Lamine Baba-Moussa honorébankole Epidemiological Surveillance Service Ministry of Public HealthCotonouBenin National Health Laboratory Ministry of Public HealthCotonouBenin Regional Institute of Public Health University of Abomey-CalaviCotonouBenin Research Unit in Applied Microbiology and Pharmacology of Natural Substances Research Laboratory in Applied BiologyPolytechnic School of Abomey-CalaviUniversity of Abomey-CalaviCotonouBenin [Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Abomey-CalaviUACCotonouBenin

Background: Bacterial meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges caused mainly by three bacterial species Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae that are transmitted by nasopharyngeal secretions emitted by carriers. Meningitis is a public health problem in Benin, like all countries in the African meningitis belt. This study aims to analyze the epidemiological surveillance data of meningitis in Benin from 2016 to 2018. Methods: Each suspect case of meningitis was recorded and Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) samples were collected. CSF collection was accompanied by the Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response form. This sheet provides information on the patient’s social-demographic and epidemiological data. CSF specimens were sent to the laboratory for analysis and identification (Gram stain, biochemical parameters, and latex agglutination test) of pathogens according to the WHO standards. Results: Of the 2992 patients with suspected meningitis, 2893 were hospitalized with a death rate of 9.4% (281/2992). The sex ratio of registered patients was 1.29 in favor of men. The median age was 4 years (min: 0;max: 90). Patients younger than five years were the most represented (44.8%). During the study period, there was a decrease in the incidence of meningitis per 100,000 inhabitants (6.3 to 3.2 from 2016 to 2018). Of 2928 CSF samples collected we were able to identify 899 pathogenic bacterial species. The most represented species are S. pneumoniae (63.4%), N. meningitidis (24.4%) and H. influenzae (12.2%). Conclusion: The burden of disease is disproportionate in the northern departments as in others. The frequency of bacterial meningitis in the northern region increased during the study period. However, deaths have been recorded in the departments of the South (“Atlantic”, “Plateau”). This suggests an improvement in epidemiological surveillance and case management throughout the national territory.

关键词： Benin Meningitidis Epidemiologic Surveillance CSF Bacterial Meningitidis

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A Literature Review—Khaya senegalensis, Anacardium ouestL., Cassia sieberianaDC., Pterocarpus erinaceus, Diospyros mespiliformis, Ocimum gratissimum, Manihot esculenta, Vernonia amygdalinaDelile, Pseudocedrela kotschyiand Daniellia oliveriPossess Properties for Managing Infectious Diarrhea

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2020年第10期11卷 457-473页

作者： Victorien Dougnon Edna Hounsa Hornel Koudokpon Brice Boris Legba Kafayath Fabiyi Kevin Sintondji Anny Afaton Merveille Akouta Jean Robert Klotoe honoré bankole Lamine Baba-Moussa Jacques Dougnon Research Unit in Applied Microbiology and Pharmacology of Natural Substances Research Laboratory in Applied Biology Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology Faculty of Science and Technology University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin

The rise in antimicrobial resistance increases researchers’ interest in medicinal plants used for traditional treatment of infectious diseases. The study is based on ten (10) medicinal plants mostly cited in the treatment of diarrhea in West Africa: Khaya senegalensis, Anacardium ouest L., Cassia sieberiana DC., Pterocarpus erinaceus, Diospyros mespiliformis, Ocimum gratissimum, Manihot esculenta, Vernonia amygdalina Delile, Pseudocedrela kotschyi, Daniellia oliveri. The objective is to make a review on ethnopharmacological, pharmacological, toxicological and chemical data that enhance these medicinal plants in the fight against diarrheal infections. Spec

关键词： Infectious Diarrhea West Africa Medicinal Plants

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Purification of Moringa oleifera Leaves Protease by Three-Phase Partitioning and Investigation of Its Potential Antibacterial Activity

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2023年第1期14卷 64-76页

作者： Adam Abdoulaye Agossou D. P. Noumavo Durand Dah-Nouvlessounon Messan A. B. Ohin Hasan Bayraktar Farid T. Bade honoré S. bankole Lamine Baba-Moussa Farid Baba-Moussa Laboratoire de Microbiologie et des Technologies Alimentaires Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université d’Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Bénin Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology Faculty of Science and Technology University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey Calavi Benin Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Faculty of Health Sciences Yuksek Ihtisas University Balgat-Ankara Turkey Unité de Recherche en Microbiologie Appliquée et Pharmacologie des Substances Naturelles Ecole Polytechnique d’Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin

One of plant-based products for dental care is plant-based proteolytic enzymes which are principally proteases. In order not to damage the protein and bioactive content, an efficient method should be employed for their purifications. As such, three-phase partitioning (TPP) was used to purify protease from moringa (Moringa oleifera). TPP is an emerging, promising, non-chromatographic and economical technology which is simple, quick, efficient and often one-step process for the separation and purification of bioactive molecules from natural sources. It involves the addition of salt (ammonium sulphate) to the crude extract followed by the addition of an organic solvent (butanol). The protein appears as an interfacial precipitate between upper organic solvent and lower aqueous phases. The various conditions such as ammonium sulphate, ratio of crude extract to t-butanol and pH which are required for attaining efficient purification of the protease fractions were optimized. Under optimized conditions, it was seen that, 35% of ammonium sulphate saturation with 1:0.75 ratio of crude extract to t-butanol at pH 7 gave 4.94-fold purification with 96.20% activity yield of protease in the middle phase of the TPP system. The purified enzyme from Moringa oleifera has no antimicrobial effect on the pathogenic bacteria tested. However, this purified enzyme, can be considered as a promising agent, cheap, and safe source which is suitable for using in various industries.

关键词： Three-Phase Partitioning Moringa oleifera Protease Protein Purification Antimicrobial

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