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Spatial and Temporal Variations in the Atmospheric Age Distribution of Primary and Secondary Inorganic Aerosols in China

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Engineering 2023年第9期28卷 117-129页

作者： Xiaodong xie Qi Ying hongliang Zhang Jianlin Hu Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologyNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Zachry Department of Civil Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China

The aging timescale of particles is a key parameter in determining their impacts on air quality,human health,and climate.In this study,a one-year simulation of the age distributions of the primary and secondary inorganic fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))components was conducted over China using an age-resolved Community Multiscale Air Quality(CMAQ)model.The results indicate that primary PM_(2.5)(PPM)and ammonium mainly originate from fresh local emissions,with approximately 60%-80%concentrated in 0-24 h age bins in most of China throughout the year.The average age is about15-25 h in most regions in summer,but increases to 40-50 h in southern region of China and the Sichuan Basin(SCB)in winter.Sulfate is more aged than PPM,indicating an enhanced contribution from regional transport.Aged sulfate with atmospheric age>48 h account for 30%-50%of total sulfate in most regions and seasons,and the concentrations in the>96 h age bin can reach up to 15μg·m-3 in SCB during winter.Dramatic seasonal variations occur in the Yangtze River Delta,Pearl River Delta,and SCB,with highest average age of 60-70 h in winter and lowest of 40-45 h in summer.The average age of nitrate is 20-30 h in summer and increases to 40-50 h in winter.The enhanced deposition rate of nitric acid vapor combined with the faster chemical reaction rate of nitrogen oxides leads to a lower atmospheric age in summer.Additionally,on pollution days,the contributions of old age bins(>24 h)increase notably for both PPM and secondary inorganic aerosols in most cities and seasons,suggesting that regional transport plays a vital role during haze events.The age information of PM_(2.5),provided by the age-resolved CMAQ model,can help policymakers design effective emergent emission control measures to eliminate severe haze episodes.

关键词： Atmospheric age PM_(2.5) CMAQ model Control strategy

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Sb-Cu alloy cathode with a novel lithiation mechanism of ternary intermetallic formation: Enabling high energy density and superior rate capability of liquid metal battery

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第3期78卷 393-400,I0011页

作者： Peng Chu Jie Wang hongliang Xie Qian Zhang Jiangyuan Feng Zehao Li Zhao Yang Hailei Zhao School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Municiple Key Lab for Advanced Energy Materials and Technologies Beijing 100083China

Antimony(Sb) is an attractive cathode for liquid metal batteries(LMBs) because of its high theoretical voltage and low cost.The main obstacles associated with the Sb-based cathodes are unsatisfactory energy density and poor rate-capability.Herein,we propose a novel Sb_(64)Cu_(36)cathode that effectively tackles these issues.The Sb_(64)Cu_(36)(melting point:525℃) cathode presents a novel lithiation mechanism involving sequentially the generation of Li_(2)CuSb,the formation of Li_(3)Sb,and the conversion reaction of Li_(2)CuSb to Li_(3)Sb and Cu.The generated intermetallic compounds show a unique microstructure of the upper floated Li_(2)CuSb layer and the below cross-linked structure with interpenetrated Li_(2)CuSb and Li_(3)Sb phases.Compared with Li_(3)Sb,the lower Li migration energy barrier(0.188 eV) of Li_(2)CuSb significantly facilitates the lithium diffusion across the intermediate compounds and accelerates the reaction kinetics.Consequently,the Li‖Sb_(64)Cu_(36)cell delivers a more excellent electrochemical performance(energy density:353 W h kg^(-1)at 0.4 A cm^(-2);rate capability:0.59 V at 2.0 A cm^(-2)),and a much lower energy storage cost of only 38.45 $ kW h^(-1)than other previously reported Sb-based LMBs.This work provides a novel cathode design concept for the development of high-performance LMBs in applications for large-scale energy storage.

关键词： Liquid metal battery Energy density Rate capability Low cost Sb_(64)Cu_(36)cathode

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CAPEES and FESE journal:Together to serve the environmental research community

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022年第5期16卷 1-1页

作者： Xing xie Jinkai Xue hongliang Zhang School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30339USA Environmental Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Applied ScienceUniversity of ReginaRegina SK S4S 0A2Canada Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China

Chinese scholars worldwide are active contributors in the Environmental Engineering and Science(EES)field.To promote the scientific discovery,information exchange,professional growth,and career development of Chinese scholars in North America and beyond,as well as to pay back to the scholarly community and society at large,the Chinese-American Professors in Environmental Engineering and Science(CAPEES)was established in 2007 by pioneering and visionary Chinese American professors.Under the vibrant presidency leaderships of 15 CAPEES presidents and effort by numerous officers since its establishment,CAPEES has become the largest academic association of Chinese EES scholars outside of China(***).

关键词： Together journal outside

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Lacunary silicotungstic heteropoly salts as high-performance catalysts in oxidation of cyclopentene

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2023年第4期56卷 152-159页

作者： Peiyin Chen Yanxiong Fang Kaihong xie Yao Chen Yang Liu hongliang Zuo Weijian Lu Baoyu Liu School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources BiorefineryGuangzhou Key Laboratory of Clean Transportation Energy ChemistryGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Jieyang Branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Rongjiang Laboratory) Jieyang 515200China Guangdong Xinhuayue Petrochemical Group Stock Company No.18Youcheng 4 RoadMaoming 525000China

The development of polyoxometalates for olefin oxidation is critical to achieving the green chemical process of the C5 fraction further processing.Di-lacunary silicotungstic anions were easily obtained by continuously adjusting the p H instead of the traditional step-by-step method,which exhibited excellent performance in the catalytic oxidation of cyclopentene(CPE)to aldehydes or alcohols.The 93.69%CPE conversion and 97.15%total product selectivity(41.38%for glutaraldehyde(GA)and 55.77%for 1,2-cyclopentanediol(1,2-diol)were achieved by using H_(2)O_(2)as the oxidant and acetonitrile as the solvent.Through complementary characterization,it was found that the optimized di-lacunary silicotungstic polyoxometalate retained a complete Keggin structure,and exhibited better catalytic activity and stability than the mono-lacunary or saturated silicodecatungstate because it exposed more catalytic active centers.Furthermore,in situ FT-IR spectra was utilized to monitor the reaction process,revealing the formation of the active species W(O_(2))on the di-lacunary silicotungstic polyoxometalate and the intermediate epoxycyclopentane during the catalytic oxidation of cyclopentene.

关键词： Lacunary silicotungstic heteropoly salts Cyclopentene(CPE) Catalytic oxidation Glutaraldehyde(GA) 1,2-Cyclopentanediol(1,2-diol)

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Influence of the field humiture environment on the mechanical properties of 316L stainless steel repaired with Fe314

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2018年第4期13卷 513-519页

作者： Lianzhong ZHANG Dichen LI Shenping YAN Ruidong xie hongliang QU State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China

The mechanical properties of 316L stainless steel repaired with Fe314 under different temperatures and humidities without inert gas protection were studied. Results indicated favorable compatibility between Fe314 and 316L stainless steel. The average yield strength, tensile strength, and sectional contraction percentage were higher in repaired samples than in 316L stainless steel, whereas the elongation rate was slightly lower. The different conditions of humiture environment on the repair sample exerted minimal influence on tensile and yield strengths. The Fe314 cladding layer was mainly composed of equiaxed grains and mixed with randomly oriented columnar crystal and tiny pores or impurities in the tissue. Results indicated that the hardness value of Fe314 cladding layer under different humiture environments ranged within 419-451.1 HVo.2. The field humimre environment also showed minimal impact on the average hardness of Fe314 cladding layers. Furthermore, 316L stainless steel can be repaired through laser cladding by using Fe314 powder without inert gas protection under different temperatures and humidity environments.

关键词： laser cladding repaired performance tensile strength temperature and humidity environment

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A knowledge reasoning Fuzzy-Bayesian network for root cause analysis of abnormal aluminum electrolysis cell condition

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2017年第3期11卷 414-428页

作者： Weichao Yue Xiaofang Chen Weihua Gui Yongfang xie hongliang Zhang School of Information Science and Engineering Central South University Changsha 410083 China School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South University Changsha 410083 China

Root cause analysis （RCA） of abnormal aluminum electrolysis cell condition has long been a challenging industrial issue due to its inherent complexity in analyzing based on multi-source knowledge. In addition, accurate RCA of abnormal aluminum electrolysis cell condition is the precondition of improving current efficiency. RCA of abnormal condition is a complex work of multi-source knowledge fusion, which is difficult to ensure the RCA accuracy of abnormal cell condition because of dwindling and frequent flow of experienced technicians. In view of this, a method based on Fuzzy- Bayesian network to construct multi-source knowledge solidification reasoning model is proposed. The method can effectively fuse and solidify the knowledge, which is used to analyze the cause of abnormal condition by technicians providing a clear and intuitive framework to this complex task, and also achieve the result of root cause automatically. The proposed method was verified under 20 sets of abnormal cell conditions, and implements root cause analysis by finding the abnormal state of root node, which has a maximum posterior probability by Bayesian diagnosis reasoning. The accuracy of the test results is up to 95%, which shows that the knowledge reasoning feasibility for RCA of aluminum electrolysis cell.

关键词： abnormal aluminum electrolysis cell condi- tion Fuzzy-Bayesian network multi-source knowledge solidification and reasoning root cause analysis

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A Cell Condition-Sensitive Frequency Segmentation Method Based on the Sub-Band Instantaneous Energy Spectrum of Aluminum Electrolysis Cell Voltage

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Engineering 2021年第9期7卷 1282-1292页

作者： Zhaohui Zeng Weihua Gui Xiaofang Chen Yongfang xie hongliang Zhang Yubo Sun School of Automation Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing&Information Processing Ministry of EducationXiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105China School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

Cell voltage is a widely used signal that can be measured online from an industrial aluminum electrolysis cell.A variety of parameters for the analysis and control of industrial cells are calculated using the cell voltage.In this paper,the frequency segmentation of cell voltage is used as the basis for designing filters to obtain these parameters.Based on the qualitative analysis of the cell voltage,the sub-band instantaneous energy spectrum(SIEP)is first proposed,which is then used to quantitatively represent the characteristics of the designated frequency bands of the cell voltage under various cell conditions.Ultimately,a cell condition-sensitive frequency segmentation method is given.The proposed frequency segmentation method divides the effective frequency band into the[0,0.001]Hz band of lowfrequency signals and the[0.001,0.050]Hz band of low-frequency noise,and subdivides the lowfrequency noise into the[0.001,0.010]Hz band of metal pad abnormal rolling and the[0.01,0.05]Hz band of sub-low-frequency noise.Compared with the instantaneous energy spectrum based on empirical mode decomposition,the SIEP more finely represents the law of energy change with time in any designated frequency band within the effective frequency band of the cell voltage.The proposed frequency segmentation method is more sensitive to cell condition changes and can obtain more elaborate details of online cell condition information,thus providing a more reliable and accurate online basis for cell condition monitoring and control decisions.

关键词： Sub-band instantaneous energy spectrum Cell condition-sensitive frequency band Frequency segmentation Metal pad abnormal rolling Aluminum electrolysis

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Space charge dynamics in epoxy resin under voltage polarity reversal at various temperatures

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High Voltage 2021年第5期6卷 770-781页

作者： Peng Liu hongliang Zhang Siyu Zhang Xialin Su Zongliang xie Zongren Peng State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anChina College of Electric Engineering and Information Engineering Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhouChina

Epoxy resin has been used to cast the core of the dry‐type high voltage direct current bushings and can accumulate space charge under high electric fields at high temperatures,which is believed to be a potential threat to the safe operation of dry bushings,especially under polarity reversal.In this study,results of a study of the evolution of space charge and electric field distribution in epoxy resin,under polarity reversal at 10 and 20 kV/mm,and at temperatures between 40 and 100°C,are presented.The results show that the space charge dynamics in epoxy resin during the test were different at various temperatures.At tem-peratures no more than 60°C,space charge accumulation within the samples was not obvious.Instead,a low‐frequency dielectric relaxation process maybe occurs during the polarity reversal,which made the charge peaks on the electrodes after the reversal were slightly smaller than those before the reversal.At temperatures no less than 80°C,considering that the applied electric field has little effect on the barrier reductions of the traps within the samples,the space charge dynamics were mainly governed by a thermally activated process,and the depths of the deepest occupied traps were obtain by analysing the transient processes.

关键词： charge resin dynamics

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如何打通绿色购买决策的“最后一公里”——绿色购买意向-行为转化机制分析

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贵州财经大学学报 2024年第3期 92-100页

作者：卢宏亮谢欢东北林业大学经济管理学院黑龙江哈尔滨150040

绿色购买是绿色消费中的重要环节,然而消费者“想而不买”可能会制约绿色消费市场的发展。目前,绿色购买行为转化的内在机理探索尚处在起步阶段,鲜有将外部购物情境与消费者内在特质结合考量的绿色购买决策研究。本研究从消费者购买绿... 详细信息

绿色购买是绿色消费中的重要环节,然而消费者“想而不买”可能会制约绿色消费市场的发展。目前,绿色购买行为转化的内在机理探索尚处在起步阶段,鲜有将外部购物情境与消费者内在特质结合考量的绿色购买决策研究。本研究从消费者购买绿色标签产品的临场决策情境出发,以计划行为理论和行动阶段理论为理论基础,结合节约认知努力的观点视角,探究绿色购买意向-行为之间的转化机制。研究结果表明:绿色购买意向对绿色购买行为有显著的直接影响;感知行为控制、绿色购买执行意向在绿色购买意向和行为之间具有双重、链式中介作用;节约认知努力对“绿色购买意向-感知行为控制-绿色购买执行意向-绿色购买行为”链式中介作用具有负向调节作用。相关结论拓展了计划行为理论中绿色购买的意向-行为转化机制,为绿色营销的管理实践提供了建议。

关键词：意向-行为转化绿色购买执行意向感知行为控制节约认知努力

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Cellulose nanofiber separator for suppressing shuttle effect and Li dendrite formation in lithium-sulfur batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第4期31卷 736-744页

作者： Jingxue Li Liqin Dai Zhefan Wang Hao Wang Lijing xie Jingpeng Chen Chong Yan Hong Yuan hongliang Wang Chengmeng Chen Center of Biomass Engineering/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China CAS Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials Institute of Coal ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesTaiyuan 030001ShanxiChina Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Lithium-sulfur battery(LSB) has high energy density but is limited by the polysulfides shuttle and dendrite growth during cycling. Herein, a free-standing cellulose nanofiber(CNF) separator is designed and fabricated in isopropanol/water suspension through vacuum filtration progress. CNFs with abundant polar oxygen-containing functional groups can chemically immobilize the polysulfides, and suppress the formation of the dendrites by controlling the surface morphology of the SEI on lithium metal in LSB. The isopropanol content in a suspension can fine-tune the pore structure of the membrane to achieve optimal electrochemical performance. The prepared separator displays integrated advantages of an ultrathin thickness(19 μm), lightweight(0.87 mg cm^(-2)), extremely high porosity(98.05%), and decent electrolyte affinity. As a result, the discharge capacity of the LSB with CNF separator at the first and 100 th cycle is 1.4 and 1.3 times that of PP separator, respectively. Our research provides an environmentalfriendly and facile strategy for the preparation of multifunctional separators for LSBs.

关键词： Cellulose Separator Lithium-sulfur battery Shuttle effect Growth of dendrite

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