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Agronomic and physiological traits associated with genetic improvement of phosphorus use efficiency of wheat grown in a purple lithomorphic soil

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The Crop Journal 2022年第4期10卷 1151-1164页

作者： hongkun yang Renhua Chen Yufeng Chen Han Li Ting Wei Wei Xie Gaoqiong Fan Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology&Farming System in Southwest China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsChengdu 611130SichuanChina State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China Ministry of Science and TechnologyChengdu 611130SichuanChina

Developing wheat that acquires and uses phosphorus(P)more efficiently is a promising and low-cost solution for increasing grain yield and reducing P-related environmental *** present study identified agronomic and physiological traits that contribute to genetic variation in the P acquisition,remobilization,and utilization efficiency of 11 wheat cultivars from southwest China grown in P-deficient purple lithomorphic soil(Olsen P=4.7)with balanced(75 kg P ha^(−1))and excess P(120 kg P ha^(−1))*** average,soil P deficiency(–P)reduced root P uptake(17.0%–60.8%),P remobilization(33.9%–52.8%),dry mass yield(11.5%–39.2%),and grain yield(17.7%–54.4%).Balanced P(+P)increased grain yield via increased plant biomass rather than increased HI.–P increased phosphorus uptake efficiency(PUpE,4.5-fold),phosphorus utilization efficiency(PUtE,1.25-fold),and phosphorus use efficiency(PUE,5.4-fold)compared with those under+P,and PUtE explained most(58.1%–60.8%)of the genetic variation in PUE under both–P and+*** high root P uptake of P-efficient cultivars under–P was regulated by root surface area and root length density in the 0–10 cm soil layer but not in the 10–20 and 20–40 cm soil layers,suggesting that a topsoil foraging strategy is a more economical approach than deeper root exploration for increasing P *** P uptake before anthesis and P remobilization after anthesis were critical for increasing the PUtE of wheat,given that P-efficient cultivars showed higher Pn(net photosynthetic rate)and sucrose levels than P-inefficient *** reduction by–P resulted from decreased Gs and Ci,and high evapotranspiration under+P increased shoot P%by increasing root P *** variation in the source-to-sink ratio was observed in consequence of a+P-induced allometric increase in sucrose in leaves and *** to these beneficial effects,+P increased the kernel N and P yields of the 11 cultivars by 9.9%–52.4%and 12.3%–48.8%,*** findings of thi

关键词： Grain yield Root P acquisition P remobilization and utilization Leaf photosynthesis Sucrose

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Effect of N fertilization rate on soil alkalihydrolyzable N, subtending leaf N concentration,fiber yield, and quality of cotton

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The Crop Journal 2016年第4期4卷 323-330页

作者： Binglin Chen hongkun yang Weichao Song Chunyu Liu Jiao Xu Wenqing Zhao Zhiguo Zhou Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management Nanjing Agricultural UniversityJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production

Soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, which is sensitive to N fertilization rate, is one of the indicators of soil nitrogen supplying capacity. Two field experiments were conducted in Dongtai(120°19″ E, 32°52″ N), Jiangsu, China in 2009 and Dafeng(120°28″ E, 33°12″ N), Jiangsu province, China in 2010. Six nitrogen rates(0, 150, 300, 375, 450, and 600 kg ha^(-1)) were used to study the effect of N fertilization rate on soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content(SAHNC), subtending leaf nitrogen concentration(SLNC), yield, and fiber quality. In both Dongtai and Dafeng experiment station, the highest yield(1709 kg ha^(-1)), best quality(fiber length 30.6 mm, fiber strength 31.6 c N tex^(-1), micronaire 4.82), and highest N agronomic efficiency(2.03 kg kg^(-1)) were achieved at the nitrogen fertilization rate of 375 kg ha^(-1). The dynamics of SAHNC and SLNC could be simulated with a cubic and an exponential function,respectively. The changes in SAHNC were consistent with the changes in SLNC. Optimal average rate(0.276 mg day^(-1)) and duration(51.8 days) of SAHNC rapid decline were similar to the values obtained at the nitrogen rate of 375 kg ha^(-1)at which cotton showed highest fiber yield, quality, and N agronomic efficiency. Thus, the levels and strategies of nitrogen fertilization can affect SAHNC dynamics. The N fertilization rate that optimizes soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content would optimize the subtending leaf nitrogen concentration and thereby increase the yield and quality of the cotton fiber.

关键词： Cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L) Soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen Subtending leaf nitrogen concentration Fiber yield Fiber properties Nitrogen use efficiency

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Straw mulch-based no-tillage improves tillering capability of dryland wheat by reducing asymmetric competition between main stem and tillers

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The Crop Journal 2022年第3期10卷 864-878页

作者： hongkun yang Yun Xiao Peng He Dailong Ai Qiaosheng Zou Jian Hu Qiong Liu Xiulan Huang Ting Zheng Gaoqiong Fan Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina Key Laboratory of Crop Eco-Physiology&Farming System in Southwest China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsChengdu 611130SichuanChina State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China Ministry of Science and TechnologyChengdu 611130SichuanChina

The moisture-conserving effect of straw mulch-based no-tillage(SMNT)is expected to increase fertile spikes and grain yield in environments with rainfall less than 200 ***,the mechanisms under-lying the positive effect of SMNT on wheat tillering are not fully elucidated.A split-plot experiment was designed to investigate the combined effects of SMNT and cultivars on tillering of dryland wheat grown under both dry and favorable *** of SMNT to a cultivar with 1-2 tillers exploited both tillering and kernel-number plasticity,increasing the mean grain yield by 20.5%.This increase was attrib-uted primarily to an increased first-tiller emergence rate resulting from increased N uptake,leaf N con-tent,and N remobilization from tillers to their *** second and third tillers,as transient sinks,contributed to the tiller survival rate,which depends on tiller leaf *** increased total N uptake by SMNT also increased the dry mass yield of tillers and the C:N ratio,reducing the asymmetric compe-tition between main stem and *** to these beneficial effects,reduced mitogen-activated pro-tein kinase(MAPK)and abscisic acid signals were observed under SMNT,whereas indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)signals and genes involved in DNA replication and mismatch repair were *** signals activated three critical transcription factors(the calmodulin-binding transcription activator,GRAS domain,and cysteine-2/histidine-2 family)and further increased rapid drought response and tiller main-tenance after stem *** biosynthesis,sphingolipid biosynthesis,and galactose metabolism were most relevant to increased tillering under SMNT because of their critical role in drought response and lignin *** results suggest that straw mulch-based no-tillage activates rapid drought response and improved wheat tillering by coordinating root N uptake,N remobilization,and asymmetric competition between main stem and tillers.

关键词： Straw mulch-basedno-tillage Wheat tillering Stable isotopetracing Transcriptome Metabolomics

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Strategies for improving crop comprehensive benefits via a decision-making system based on machine learning in the rice‒rape,rice‒wheat and rice‒garlic rotation systems in Southwest China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第9期23卷 2970-2988页

作者： Xinrui Li Xiafei Li Tao Liu Huilai Yin Hao Fu Yongheng Luo Yanfu Bai hongkun yang Zhiyuan yang Yongjian Sun Jun Ma Zongkui Chen Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province/Rice Research Institute/State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China/Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130China College of Grassland Science and Technology Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China

Rice‒rape,rice‒wheat and rice‒garlic rotations are common cropping systems in Southwest China,and they have played a significant role in ensuring ecological and economic benefits(EB)and addressing the challenges of China’s food security in the ***,the crop yields in these rotation systems are 1.25‒14.73%lower in this region than the national *** decision-making with machine learning can analyze the key factors for obtaining better benefits,but it has rarely been used to enhance the probability of obtaining such benefits from rotations in Southwest ***,we used a data-intensive approach to construct an intelligent decision‒making system with machine learning to provide strategies for improving the benefits of rice-rape,rice-wheat,and rice-garlic rotations in Southwest *** results show that raising the yield and partial fertilizer productivity(PFP)by increasing seed input under high fertilizer application provided the optimal benefits with a 10%probability in the rice-garlic *** high yields and greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions by increasing the N application and reducing the K application provided suboptimal benefits with an 8%probability in the rice-rape *** N and P to enhance PFP and yield provided optimal benefits with the lowest probability(8%)in the rice‒wheat *** on the predictive analysis of a random forest model,the optimal benefits were obtained with fertilization regimes by reducing N by 25%and increasing P and K by 8 and 74%,respectively,in the rice-garlic system,reducing N and K by 54 and by 36%,respectively,and increasing P by 38%in rice-rape system,and reducing N by 4%and increasing P and K by 65 and 23%in rice-wheat *** strategies could be further optimized by 17‒34%for different benefits,and all of these measures can improve the effectiveness of the crop rotation systems to varying ***,these findings provide insights into optimal agricultural inputs for higher be

关键词： rice rotation agricultural management greenhouse gas emissions comprehensive benefits fertilizer management

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Design and Overall Strength Analysis of Multi-Functional Elastic Connections Floating Breakwater System

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science) 2022年第3期27卷 326-338页

作者： HUO Fali yang hongkun GUO Jianting JI Chunyan NIU Jianjie WANG Ke School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212028JiangsuChina

As a new type of marine structure,floating breakwater can provide suitable water area for coastal *** this paper,a multi-module floating breakwater with three cylinders was *** to the characteristics of each module,the elastic connector was *** cabins with functions such as living,generating electricity and entertainment were arranged.A linear spring constrained design wave(LSCDW)method for strength analysis of floating marine structures with multi-module elastic connections was *** numerical model was verified by 1:50 similarity ratio in the test *** to the analysis of design wave and extreme wave conditions,considering the mooring loads and environmental loads and connector loads,the overall strength of breakwater was analyzed by LSCDW *** studies can provide new insights and theoretical guidance for the design of multi-module floating structures.

关键词： floating breakwater elastic connection linear spring constrained design wave(LSCDW)method overall strength analysis

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Effects of mepiquat chloride on yield and main properties of cottonseed under different plant densities

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Journal of Cotton Research 2019年第2期2卷 77-86页

作者： ZHAO Wenqing YAN Qiang yang hongkun yang Xiaoni WANG Leran CHEN Binglin MENG Yali ZHOU Zhiguo Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Management Ministry of Agriculture Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095JiangsuChina Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production(JCIC-MCP) Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095JiangsuChina

Background:Cottonseed oil and protein content as well as germination traits are major indicators of seed ***,the responses of these indicators to plant density and mepiquat chloride(MC)are still *** investigate plant density and MC effects on cotto nseed yield and main quality parameters,we con ducted a twoyear field experiment including four plant densities(1.35,2.55,3.75 and 4.95 plants·m^-2)and two closes of MC(0 and 135g·hm^-2)in Dafeng,Jiangsu Province,in 2013 and ***:The application of MC reduced plant height,fruit branch length and fruiting branch number under different plant densities,resulting in a lower and more compact plant *** yield showed a nonlinear increase as plant density increasing and achieved the highest value at 3.75 plants·m^-2,regardless of MC *** significant interactio ns were found between plant density and MC for cotton seed yield and quality *** 100-seed weight,cottonseed oil content and vigor index significantly decreased as plant density increased,while these parameters significantly increased with MC applying under different plant *** vigor index was positively correlated with 100-seed weight and seed oil con tent across different plant densities and MC ***:Thus,application of MC could realize a win-win situation between cottonseed yield and main quality parameters under various densities;and plant density of 3.75 plants·m^-2 combined with 135 g·hm^-2 of MC applying is optimal for high cottonseed yield and quality in this cotton production area.

关键词： Mepiquat chloride Plant density Cottonseed yield Oil content Seed germination

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数据中心集群灵活边界下电力系统分布鲁棒优化调度方法

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电力系统自动化 2024年第7期48卷 235-247页

作者：张锞王旭杨宏坤蒋传文电力传输与功率变换控制教育部重点实验室(上海交通大学) 上海市200240 上海非碳基能源转换与利用研究院上海市200240

分布式资源的广泛接入与风、光等不可调资源的波动性使电力系统运行调控的难度显著增加。文中研究可再生能源不确定性影响下的分布式集群资源优化调度策略,挖掘多种可调资源灵活性,提高不可调资源利用率。为实现分布式可调资源的灵活调... 详细信息

分布式资源的广泛接入与风、光等不可调资源的波动性使电力系统运行调控的难度显著增加。文中研究可再生能源不确定性影响下的分布式集群资源优化调度策略,挖掘多种可调资源灵活性,提高不可调资源利用率。为实现分布式可调资源的灵活调控,首先,提出了数据中心与光储集群聚合体的可调潜力时变边界计算方法,保证其聚合最优性与分解可行性。然后,基于历史数据构建契合风电随机特性的∞-Wasserstein模糊集,该方法具有良好的样本外信息描述能力。最后,提出自适应多面逼近方法解决分布鲁棒优化问题固有的无限维求解难题,将两阶段分布鲁棒调度模型转化为有限维问题以实现快速求解,并基于修改的IEEE-RTS 24节点系统仿真验证了所提方法的有效性。

关键词：可调度域风电消纳分布鲁棒优化近似求解

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大型复合材料容器的制作

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广船科技 2004年第3期24卷 28-31页

作者：杨宏坤广船国际重工事业部

对承接容器的复合材料和结构进行了具体分析,在考虑事业部的资源的前提下,并在工艺试验的基础上制定了相应的技术措施,确保了大型复合材料容器制作、运输。

关键词：大型容器制作复合材料结构压力容器

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“绿色包装”理念在现代包装产品中的运用问题初探

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包装与设计 2006年第1期 106-107页

作者：杨宏坤青岛大学美术学院设计艺术学硕士研究生

随着商品经济的深入发展，作为商品重要组成部分的包装越来越受到商品生产者的高度重视，然而，消费能力越高，产生的废弃物就越多，对环境污染也就越大，包装与生态环境之间的矛盾也就越来越突出，这引起了很多有识之士的极大关注。笔... 详细信息

随着商品经济的深入发展，作为商品重要组成部分的包装越来越受到商品生产者的高度重视，然而，消费能力越高，产生的废弃物就越多，对环境污染也就越大，包装与生态环境之间的矛盾也就越来越突出，这引起了很多有识之士的极大关注。笔者认为，解决这一问题的根本出路就在于尽可能地减少包装资源的耗损、改进包装的材料的同时还要在实践中深化这种理念。只有这样才能从源头上最大限度地减少对环境的污染和资源的浪费。

关键词：包装产品绿色包装现代商品经济环境污染包装资源组成部分消费能力生态环境生产者

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覆盖层上高面板堆石坝的极限抗震能力

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水利水电科技进展 2016年第2期36卷 1-5,58页

作者：岑威钧张自齐周涛杨宏昆卢培灿河海大学水利水电学院江苏南京210098 水利部土石坝破坏机理与防控技术重点实验室江苏南京210024 四川省清源工程咨询有限公司四川成都610072

针对地震作用下面板坝的非线性动力反应,为了准确评估大坝的极限抗震能力,从坝坡抗震稳定性、坝体震后残余变形、坝基覆盖层液化和面板接缝变形等方面探讨面板坝的地震破坏计算方法和评价标准。采用三维有限元法,对某覆盖层上高135 m的... 详细信息

针对地震作用下面板坝的非线性动力反应,为了准确评估大坝的极限抗震能力,从坝坡抗震稳定性、坝体震后残余变形、坝基覆盖层液化和面板接缝变形等方面探讨面板坝的地震破坏计算方法和评价标准。采用三维有限元法,对某覆盖层上高135 m的混凝土面板堆石坝进行极限抗震能力计算,结合多角度综合分析表明,大坝的极限抗震能力约为0.52g^0.54g,大坝具有较强的抗震能力。

关键词：高面板堆石坝覆盖层坝坡稳定永久变形接缝变形液化极限抗震能力

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