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Flexible Strain Sensors with Ultra-High Sensitivity and Wide Range Enabled by Crack-Modulated Electrical Pathways

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NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2025年第1期17卷 1-19页

作者： Bai, Yunzhao zhou, Yunlei Wu, Xuanyu Yin, Mengfei Yin, liting Qu, Shiyuan Zhang, fan li, Kan Huang, Yongan Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol State Key Lab Intelligent Mfg Equipment & Technol Wuhan 430074 Peoples R China Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Flexible Elect Res Ctr Wuhan 430074 Peoples R China Xidian Univ Hangzhou Inst Technol Hangzhou 311200 Peoples R China Xidian Univ Sch Mechanoelect Engn Xian 710071 Peoples R China Univ Southern Calif Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn Los Angeles CA 90089 USA

This study presents a breakthrough in flexible strain sensor technology with the development of an ultra-high sensitivity and wide-range sensor, addressing the critical challenge of reconciling sensitivity with measurement range. Inspired by the structure of bamboo slips, we introduce a novel approach that utilises liquid metal to modulate the electrical pathways within a cracked platinum fabric electrode. The resulting sensor demonstrates a gauge factor greater than 108 and a strain measurement capability exceeding 100%. The integration of patterned liquid metal enables customisable tuning of the sensor's response, while the porous fabric structure ensures superior comfort and air permeability for the wearer. Our design not only optimises the sensor's performance but also enhances the electrical stability that is essential for practical applications. Through systematic investigation, we reveal the intrinsic mechanisms governing the sensor's response, offering valuable insights for the design of wearable strain sensors. The sensor's exceptional performance across a spectrum of applications, from micro-strain to large-strain detection, highlights its potential for a wide range of real-world uses, demonstrating a significant advancement in the field of flexible electronics.

关键词： Flexible strain sensor Fabric Crack Response regulation Epidermal device

Can patients with mild non-neoplastic lesions diagnosed at baseline screening be safely exempt from surveillance: evidence from multicenter community-based cohorts

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Science China life Sciences 2025年第1期 263-271页

作者： Siyi He Zhiyi Zhang Guohui Song Zhenhai Wang Chunyun Dai Shipeng yan Kun Jiang Bingbing Song He li Maomao Cao Dianqin Sun fan yang Xinxin yan Shaoli Zhang Yi Teng Qianru li Changfa Xia Wanqing Chen Office of Cancer Screening National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Department of Gastroenterology Gansu Wuwei Tumor Hospital Cixian Cancer Institute linzhou Cancer Hospital Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Sheyang County Department of Cancer Prevention and Control Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South University Luoshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention Office for Cancer Control and Research Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Harbin Medical University

Surveillance recommendations for gastric cancer（GC） in current guidelines focused on advanced precancerous lesions and were based on precise diagnosis of severity/extent of baseline lesions. We aimed to develop a less endoscopy-related equipment-dependent risk-stratification tool, and assessed whether mild-precursor-lesion patients can be safely exempt from surveillance. In the multicenter communitybased cohort, 75,051 participants receiving baseline endoscopy were enrolled during 2015–2017 and followed-up until 2021. Cumulative incidence rates（CIRs） of GC for precancerous-conditions were calculated by Kaplan-Meier method and compared by Log-rank tests. Mixedeffects Cox regression models were used to detect potential factors for progression towards GC. A risk score was calculated as counts of selected factors. An independent cohort, including 26,586 participants was used for external validation. During a median follow-up of 6.25 years, CIRs of GC were 0.302%, 0.436%, and 4.756% for normal group, non-neoplastic（atrophic gastritis/intestinal metaplasia） and neoplastic lesions（low-grade/high-grade dysplasia）, respectively(Ptrendlimited vegetable consumption, were selected for risk-stratification. High-risk patients（≥3 risk factors） with non-neoplastic lesions showed higher GC risks（adjusted HR=7.73, 95%CI: 4.29–13.92）, and their four-year CIR reached the one-year CIR of neoplastic lesions. Further categorizing non-neoplastic lesions by histological grade, both patients with moderate-to-severe lesions（aHR=3.07, 95%CI: 1.67–5.64） and high-risk patients with mild lesions（aHR=7.29, 95%CI: 3.58–14.86） showed higher risks. Consistent trends were observed in validation cohort. High-risk mild-precursor-lesion patients should receive surveillance within 3–5 years after baseline screening. Our study provides evidence on supplementing current guideline recommendations.

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Transforming growth factor-beta 1 enhances discharge activity of cortical neurons

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 548-556页

作者： Zhihui Ren Tian li Xueer liu Zelin Zhang Xiaoxuan Chen Weiqiang Chen Kangsheng li Jiangtao sheng Department of Microbiology and Immunology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular ImmunopathologyShantou University Medical CollegeShantouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Neurosurgery First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Transforming growth factor-beta 1(TGF-β1)has been extensively studied for its pleiotropic effects on central nervous system *** neuroprotective or neurotoxic effects of TGF-β1 in specific brain areas may depend on the pathological process and cell types ***-gated sodium channels(VGSCs)are essential ion channels for the generation of action potentials in neurons,and are involved in various neuroexcitation-related ***,the effects of TGF-β1 on the functional properties of VGSCs and firing properties in cortical neurons remain *** this study,we investigated the effects of TGF-β1 on VGSC function and firing properties in primary cortical neurons from *** found that TGF-β1 increased VGSC current density in a dose-and time-dependent manner,which was attributable to the upregulation of Nav1.3 *** VGSC current density and Nav1.3 expression were significantly abolished by preincubation with inhibitors of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase(PD98059),p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(SB203580),and Jun NH2-terminal kinase 1/2 inhibitor(SP600125).Interestingly,TGF-β1 significantly increased the firing threshold of action potentials but did not change their firing rate in cortical *** findings suggest that TGF-β1 can increase Nav1.3 expression through activation of the ERK1/2-JNK-MAPK pathway,which leads to a decrease in the firing threshold of action potentials in cortical neurons under pathological ***,this contributes to the occurrence and progression of neuroexcitatory-related diseases of the central nervous system.

关键词： central nervous system cortical neurons ERK firing properties JNK Nav1.3 p38 transforming growth factor-beta 1 traumatic brain injury voltage-gated sodium currents

Defect Engineering:Can it Mitigate Strong Coulomb Effect of Mg^(2+)in Cathode Materials for Rechargeable Magnesium Batteries?

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 135-159页

作者： Zhengqing fan Ruimin li Xin Zhang Wanyu Zhao Zhenghui Pan Xiaowei yang School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804People’s Republic of China

Rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs)have been considered a promising“post lithium-ion battery”system to meet the rapidly increasing demand of the emerging electric vehicle and grid energy storage ***,the sluggish diffusion kinetics of bivalent Mg^(2+)in the host material,related to the strong Coulomb effect between Mg^(2+)and host anion lattices,hinders their further development toward practical *** engineering,regarded as an effective strategy to break through the slow migration puzzle,has been validated in various cathode materials for *** this review,we first thoroughly understand the intrinsic mechanism of Mg^(2+)diffusion in cathode materials,from which the key factors affecting ion diffusion are further ***,the positive effects of purposely introduced defects,including vacancy and doping,and the corresponding strategies for introducing various defects are *** applications of defect engineering in cathode materials for RMBs with advanced electrochemical properties are also ***,the existing challenges and future perspectives of defect engineering in cathode materials for the overall high-performance RMBs are described.

关键词： Rechargeable magnesium battery Sluggish diffusion kinetic Defect engineering Cathode materials Ion migration

A Secure IoT Firmware Update Scheme Against SCPA and DoS Attacks

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2021年第2期36卷 419-433页

作者： yan-hong fan Mei-Qin Wang yan-Bin li Kai Hu Mu-zhou li School of Cyber Science and Technology Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Key Laboratory of Cryptologic Technology and Information Security(Shandong University) Ministry of Education Qingdao 266237China

In the IEEE S&P 2017,Ronen et *** side-channel power analysis(SCPA)and approximately 5000 power traces to recover the global AES-CCM key that Philip Hue lamps use to decrypt and authenticate new *** on the recovered key,the attacker could create a malicious firmware update and load it to Philip Hue lamps to cause Internet of Things(IoT)security *** by the work of Ronen et al.,we propose an AES-CCM-based firmware update scheme against SCPA and denial of service(DoS)*** proposed scheme applied in IoT terminal devices includes two aspects of design(i.e.,bootloader and application layer).Firstly,in the bootloader,the number of updates per unit time is limited to prevent the attacker from acquiring a sufficient number of useful traces in a short time,which can effectively counter an SCPA ***,in the application layer,using the proposed handshake protocol,the IoT device can access the IoT server to regain update permission,which can defend against DoS ***,on the STM32F405+M25P40 hardware platform,we implement Philips'and the proposed modified *** results show that compared with the firmware update scheme of Philips Hue smart lamps,the proposed scheme additionally requires only 2.35 KB of Flash memory and a maximum of 0.32 s update time to effectively enhance the security of the AES-CCM-based firmware update process.

关键词： Internet of Things firmware update authenticated encryption side-channel power analysis denial of service

Plasmonic tandem heterojunctions enable high-efficiency charge transfer for broad spectrum photocatalytic hydrogen production

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 710-720页

作者： Wenxuan Chen Xiu-Qing Qiao Guo Hui Bojing Sun Dongfang Hou Meidi Wang Xueqian Wu Tao Wu Dong-sheng li College of Materials and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials China Three Gorges University Hubei Three Gorges Laboratory College of Chemistry and Materials Science and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Coordination Chemistry Jinan University

Rational engineering of semiconductor photocatalysts for efficient hydrogen production is of great significance but still challenging,primarily due to the limitations in charge transfer ***,a fascinating plasmonic tandem heterojunction with the hc-CdS/Mo2C@C heterostructure is aimfully prepared for effectively promoting the charge separation kinetics of the CdS photocatalyst via the synergistic strategy of phase junction,Schottky junction,and photothermal *** difference in atomic configuration between cubic-CdS （c-CdS） and hexagonal-CdS （h-CdS） leads to effective charge separation through a typical Ⅱ charge transfer mechanism,and plasmonic Schottky junction further extracts the electrons in the hc-CdS phase junction to realize gradient charge ***,the photothermal effect of Mo2C@C helps to expand the light absorption,accelerate charge transfer kinetics,and reduce the hydrogen evolution energy *** carbon layer provides a fast channel for charge transfer and protects the photocatalyst from *** a result,the optimized hc-CMC photocatalyst exhibits a significantly high photocatalytic H2production activity of 28.63 mmol/g/h and apparent quantum efficiency of 61.8%,surpassing most of the reported *** study provides a feasible strategy to enhance the charge transfer kinetics and photocatalytic activity of CdS by constructing plasmonic tandem heterogeneous junctions.

关键词： Heterojunctions LSPR Photocatalyst Phase junction Schottky junction Photothermal effect

Vector meson's spin alignments in high energy reactions

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 5-20页

作者： Jin-Hui Chen Zuo-Tang liang Yu-Gang Ma Xin-li sheng Qun Wang Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application (MoE) Institute of Modern PhysicsFudan University Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Key Laboratory of Particle Physics and Particle Irradiation (MOE)Shandong University INFN-Firenze Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of China School of Mechanics and Physics Anhui University of Science and Technology

The global spin alignment of vector mesons has been observed by the STAR collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider （RHIC） at Brookhaven National Laboratory （BNL）.It provides a unique opportunity to probe the correlation between the polarized quark and antiquark in the strongly coupled quark-gluon plasma （sQGP） produced in relativistic heavy ion collisions,opening a new window to explore the properties of s *** addition,spin alignments of vector mesons have also been observed in other high-energy particle collisions such as e+e-annihilations at high energies where hadron production is dominated by quark fragmentation *** results obtained are quite different from those obtained in heavy ion collisions where quark coalescence/combination mechanism dominates suggesting strong dependence on hadronization *** comprehensive studies in different hadronization processes are *** this article,we present a brief review of theoretical and experimental advances in the study of vector meson’s spin alignments in a variety of high-energy particle collisions,with emphasis on hadronization mechanisms.

关键词： vector meson spin alignment global polarization relativistic heavy ion collisions fragmentation

Screening of Amaranth Cultivars(Amaranthus mangostanus L.) for Cadmium Hyperaccumulation

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2009年第3期8卷 342-351页

作者： fan hong-li zhou Wei Key Laboratory of Crop Nutrition and Fertilization Ministry of Agriculture~Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 P.R. China

The potential harm of soil cadmium pollution to ecological environment and human health has been increasingly widely concerned. Phytoremediation, as a kind of new and effective technology, has become an important method for cleaning up cadmium in contaminated sites. The amaranth （Amaranthus mangostanus L.） is widely distributed and has abundant varieties in China, its rapid growth and large biomass can be served as candidate for cadmium hyperaccumulators for phytoremediation. To obtain cadmium hyper-accumulator, Cd uptake in 23 amaranth cultivars from different ecological region was investigated under hydroponic culture condition. Meanwhile, pot experiment was established to probe phytoremediation potentiality of Cd contaminated soil by amaranth. Three treatment （Cd 5, 10, and 25 mg kg^-1） were imposed to red soil, yellow brown soil, and vegetable soil. The results showed that under hydroponic culture with Cd 3 mg L^-1, the cadmium concentration in the shoots of the cultivar Tianxingmi reached 260 mg kg^-1, and its total cadmium uptake was the highest among various cultivars. In the treatment Cd 25 mg kg^-1, the cadmium concentration in the shoots of the cultivar Tianxingmi reached 212 mg kg^-1, while bioaccumulation factor and shoot purification rate reached 8.50 and 3.8%, respectively. Further, the total biomass and shoot biomass were not decreased significantly under Cd exposure. These results suggested that cultivar Tianxingmi is a typical Cd hyperaccumulator, and can be expected to be used in phytoremediation of Cd contaminated soil.

关键词： cadmium hyperaccumulation amaranth phytoremediation

Maintaining moderate levels of hypochlorous acid promotes neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation in the recovery phase of stroke

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 845-857页

作者： lin-yan Huang Yi-De Zhang Jie Chen Hai-Di fan Wan Wang Bin Wang Ju-Yun Ma Peng-Peng li Hai-Wei Pu Xin-Yian Guo Jian-Gang Shen Su-Hua Qi School of Medical Technology Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Laboratory DiagnosticsXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina School of Pharmacy Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Laboratory Medicine Branch Hospital of Huai’an First People’s HospitalHuai’anJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Laboratory Medicine the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina School of Chinese Medicine The University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

It has been shown clinically that continuous removal of ischemia/reperfusion-induced reactive oxygen species is not conducive to the recovery of late ***,previous studies have shown that excessive increases in hypochlorous acid after stroke can cause severe damage to brain *** previous studies have found that a small amount of hypochlorous acid still exists in the later stage of stroke,but its specific role and mechanism are currently *** simulate stroke in vivo,a middle cerebral artery occlusion rat model was established,with an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation model established in vitro to mimic *** found that in the early stage(within 24 hours)of ischemic stroke,neutrophils produced a large amount of hypochlorous acid,while in the recovery phase(10 days after stroke),microglia were activated and produced a small amount of hypochlorous ***,in acute stroke in rats,hypochlorous acid production was prevented using a hypochlorous acid scavenger,taurine,or myeloperoxidase inhibitor,4-aminobenzoic acid *** results showed that high levels of hypochlorous acid(200μM)induced neuronal apoptosis after oxygen/glucose deprivation/***,in the recovery phase of the middle cerebral artery occlusion model,a moderate level of hypochlorous acid promoted the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells into neurons and *** suggests that hypochlorous acid plays different roles at different phases of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion *** levels of hypochlorous acid(5 and 100μM)promoted nuclear translocation ofβ-*** transfection of single-site mutation plasmids,we found that hypochlorous acid induced chlorination of theβ-catenin tyrosine 30 residue,which promoted nuclear ***,our study indicates that maintaining low levels of hypochlorous acid plays a key role in the recovery of neurological function.

关键词： cell differentiation cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury chlorination hypochlorous acid microglia neural stem cell neurogenesis nuclear translocation stroke β-catenin