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Performance of physical-informed neural network (PINN) for the key parameter inference in Langmuir turbulence parameterization scheme

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第5期43卷 121-132页

作者： Fangrui Xiu Zengan deng School of Marine Science and Technology Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

The Stokes production coefficient(E_(6))constitutes a critical parameter within the Mellor-Yamada type(MY-type)Langmuir turbulence(LT)parameterization schemes,significantly affecting the simulation of turbulent kinetic energy,turbulent length scale,and vertical diffusivity coefficient for turbulent kinetic energy in the upper ***,the accurate determination of its value remains a pressing scientific *** study adopted an innovative approach by leveraging deep learning technology to address this challenge of inferring the E_(6).Through the integration of the information of the turbulent length scale equation into a physical-informed neural network(PINN),we achieved an accurate and physically meaningful inference of E_(6).Multiple cases were examined to assess the feasibility of PINN in this task,revealing that under optimal settings,the average mean squared error of the E_(6) inference was only 0.01,attesting to the effectiveness of *** optimal hyperparameter combination was identified using the Tanh activation function,along with a spatiotemporal sampling interval of 1 s and 0.1 *** resulted in a substantial reduction in the average bias of the E_(6) inference,ranging from O(10^(1))to O(10^(2))times compared with other *** study underscores the potential application of PINN in intricate marine environments,offering a novel and efficient method for optimizing MY-type LT parameterization schemes.

关键词： Langmuir turbulence physical-informed neural network parameter inference

Positron Emission Tomography Imaging of Synaptic Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第6期40卷 743-758页

作者： Jiaqi Niu Yan Zhong Chentao Jin Peili Cen Jing Wang Chunyi Cui Le Xue Xingyue Cui mei Tian hong Zhang Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310009China Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310009China Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou310009China College of Biomedical Engineering&Instrument Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310014China Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310014China Huashan Hospital and Human Phenome Institute Fudan UniversityShanghai200040China

Parkinson’s disease(PD)is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases with a complex *** formed by abnormal deposition of alpha-synuclein(αSyn)lead to synapse dysfunction of the dopamine and non-dopamine *** loss of dopaminergic neurons and concomitant alterations in non-dopaminergic function in PD constitute its primary pathological *** emission tomography(PET),as a representative molecular imaging technique,enables the non-invasive visualization,characterization,and quantification of biological processes at cellular and molecular *** synaptic function with PET would provide insights into the mechanisms underlying PD and facilitate the optimization of clinical *** this review,we focus on the synaptic dysfunction associated with theαSyn pathology of PD,summarize various related targets and radiopharmaceuticals,and discuss applications and perspectives of PET imaging of synaptic dysfunction in PD.

关键词： Parkinson’s disease Positron emission tomography Synapse dysfunction Alpha-synuclein Dopamine system Non-dopamine system

Effects of exercise training on glucose metabolism indicators and inflammatory markers in obese children and adolescents:A metaanalysis

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第6期15卷 1353-1366页

作者： Le-Yang Li Song-mei Li Bo-Xian Pang Jun-Ping Wei Qiu-hong Wang Department of Endocrinology Guang’anmen HospitalChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100053China Graduate School Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100029China

BACKGROUND Obesity in children and adolescents is a serious problem,and the efficacy of exercise therapy for these patients is *** To assess the efficacy of exercise training on overweight and obese children based on glucose metabolism indicators and inflammatory *** The PubMed,Web of Science,and Embase databases were searched for randomized controlled trials related to exercise training and obese children until October *** meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.3 software to evaluate the efficacy of exercise therapy on glucose metabolism indicators and inflammatory markers in obese *** In total,1010 patients from 28 studies were *** therapy reduced the levels of fasting blood glucose(FBG)[standardized mean difference(SMD):-0.78;95%confidence interval(CI):-1.24 to-0.32,P=0.0008],fasting insulin(FINS)(SMD:-1.55;95%CI:-2.12 to-0.98,P<0.00001),homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)(SMD:-1.58;95%CI:-2.20 to-0.97,P<0.00001),interleukin-6(IL-6)(SMD:-1.31;95%CI:-2.07 to-0.55,P=0.0007),C-reactive protein(CRP)(SMD:-0.64;95%CI:-1.21 to-0.08,P=0.03),and leptin(SMD:-3.43;95%CI:-5.82 to-1.05,P=0.005)in overweight and obese *** training increased adiponectin levels(SMD:1.24;95%CI:0.30 to 2.18,P=0.01)but did not improve tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)levels(SMD:-0.80;95%CI:-1.77 to 0.18,P=0.11).CONCLUSION In summary,exercise therapy improves glucose metabolism by reducing levels of FBG,FINS,HOMA-IR,as well as improves inflammatory status by reducing levels of IL-6,CRP,leptin,and increasing levels of adiponectin in overweight and obese *** was no statistically significant effect between exercise training and levels of TNF-α.Additional long-term trials should be conducted to explore this therapeutic perspective and confirm these results.

关键词： Exercise training Obesity Children and adolescents Glucose metabolism Inflammatory markers Meta-analysis

Dietary curcumin alleviates intestinal damage induced by ochratoxin A in juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella): Necroptosis and inflammatory responses

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ANIMAL NUTRITION 2024年第3期18卷 119-132页

作者： Zhao, Piao Jiang, Wei-Dan Wu, Pei Liu, Yang Ren, hong-mei Jin, Xiao-Wan Feng, Lin Zhou, Xiao-Qiu Sichuan Agr Univ Anim Nutr Inst Chengdu 611130 Sichuan Peoples R China Sichuan Agr Univ Fish Nutr & Safety Prod Univ Key Lab Sichuan Prov Chengdu 611130 Sichuan Peoples R China Minist Agr & Rural Affairs Minist Educ Key Lab Anim Dis Resistance Nutr Key Lab Sichuan Prov Beijing 611130 Sichuan Peoples R China

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is one of the most common pollutants in aquatic feed. As a first line of defense, intestinal barriers could be utilized against OTA in order to prevent disorders. Natural product supplementation is one of the most popular strategies to alleviate toxicity induced by mycotoxins, but there is a lack of knowledge about how it functions in the teleost intestine. In this study, 720 juvenile grass carp of about 11 g were selected and four treatment groups (control group, OTA group, curcumin [Cur] group, and OTA + Cur group) were set up to conduct a 60-day growth test. After the test, the growth performance and intestinal health related indexes of grass carp were investigated. The addition of dietary Cur could have the following main results: (1) inhibit absorption and promote efflux transporters mRNA expression, reducing the residuals of OTA, (2) decrease oxidative stress by reducing oxidative damage and enhancing the expression of antioxidant enzymes, (3) promote mitochondrial fusion proteins to inhibit the expression of mitotic proteins and mitochondrial autophagy proteins and enhance mitochondrial function, (4) reduce necroptosis-related gene expression through inhibiting the tumor necrotic factor receptor-interacting protein kinase/mixed lineage kinase domain-like pathway, (5) reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory factors by inhibiting the Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathway to alleviate the intestinal inflammatory response. In summary, the results suggested that Cur could alleviate OTA-induced intestinal damage by enhancing antioxidant capacity and mitochondrial function as well as reducing necroptosis and inflammation in the grass carp intestine. This study provided a theoretical basis and production implications for dietary Cur that could improve growth performance and alleviate the intestinal damage induced by OTA in fish. (c) 2024 The Authors. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co.

关键词： Curcumin Ochratoxin A Grass carp growth performance Mid-intestine mitochondria function Necroptosis NF-KAPPA-B GROWTH-PERFORMANCE FISH METABOLISM TOXICITY EXPOSURE IMMUNITY MODEL

Epidemiology of Leprosy in China,2021:An Update

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International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology 2024年第1期7卷 35-39页

作者： Ying Shi Pei-Wen Sun Le Wang hong-Sheng Wang mei-Wen Yu Heng Gu National Center for Leprosy Control Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionHospital for Skin Diseases(Institute of Dermatology)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeNanjingJiangsu 210042China

Objective:Leprosy is an infectious diseases that remains a concerning public health *** infection of Mycobacterium leprae still exists at the county level in hard-to-access areas in southwest *** accurate analysis of the prevalence of leprosy in various regions is necessary for the formulation of prevention and control strategies,so we conducted this study to describe the epidemiological characteristics of leprosy in China in 2021 and provide essential information for future national leprosy control and prevention ***:We collected epidemiological data of leprosy from 31 provinces,autonomous regions,and municipalities of China(except for hong Kong,Macao,and Taiwan)provided by the Leprosy Management Information *** performed a comparative analysis of the epidemiological features of patients with leprosy including age,sex,geographical distribution,and grade of ***:In total,374 newly detected leprosy cases were reported nationwide in China in 2021,giving an incidence rate of 0.27 per million population,which represented a decrease of 7.9%compared with *** the population with leprosy in 2021 that comprised 238 males(63.6%)and 136 females(36.4%),1.9%(7/374)were children younger than 15 years,92.8%(347/374)had multibacillary leprosy,and 18.2%(68/374)had grade 2 *** than half of the new leprosy cases(54.8%,205/374)were distributed in southwest *** were 33 relapsed leprosy cases reported in *** the end of 2021,there were 1,897 registered leprosy cases reported nationwide,giving a prevalence rate of 1.35 per million ***:The leprosy epidemic in China shows a downward trend in terms of the prevalence and incidence ***,the high prevalence of leprosy in southwest China is still a matter of concern.

关键词： epidemiology leprosy China newly detected leprosy cases multibacillary leprosy paucibacillary leprosy incidence rate prevalence rate

Evaluating the influence of sarcopenia and myosteatosis on clinical outcomes in gastric cancer patients undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第8期30卷 863-880页

作者： Gui-Ming deng Hai-Bin Song Zhong-Ze Du Ying-Wei Xue hong-Jiang Song Yuan-Zhou Li Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Harbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbin 150081Heilongjiang ProvinceChina Department of Radiology Harbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbin 150081Heilongjiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The development and progression of gastric cancer(GC)are closely linked to the nutritional status of *** immunotherapy has been demonstrated to be clinically effective,the relationships of sarcopenia and myosteatosis with the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)in patients with gastric cancer remain to be *** We performed a retrospective study of patients who were undergoing immuno-therapy for *** the evaluation of sarcopenia,the optimal cut-off value for the skeletal muscle index was established using receiver operating characteristic analysis of data obtained from pre-treatment computed tomography images at the L3 vertebral *** was defined using the mean skeletal muscle density(SMD),with a threshold value of<41 Hounsfield units(HU)for patients with a body mass index(BMI)<25 kg/m^(2)and<33 HU for those with a BMI≥25 kg/m^(2).The log-rank test was used to compare progression-free survival(PFS)and overall survival(OS),and a Cox proportional hazard model was used to identify prognostic *** were developed to predict the PFS and OS of patients on the basis of the results of multivariate *** We studied 115 patients who were undergoing ICI therapy for GC,of whom 27.4%had sarcopenia and 29.8%had *** with sarcopenia or myosteatosis had significantly shorter PFS and OS than those without these ***,both sarcopenia and myosteatosis were found to be independent predictors of PFS and OS in patients with GC administering an *** prediction models created for PFS and OS were associated with C-indexes of 0.758 and 0.781,*** The presence of sarcopenia or myosteatosis is a reliable predictor of the clinical outcomes of patients with GC who are undergoing treatment with an ICI.

关键词： Gastric cancer Sarcopenia Myosteatosis,Immune checkpoint inhibitor Prognostic factor Overall survival Progression-free survival

Flavonoid extracts from chrysanthemum with appropriate anthocyanins turn blue when exposed to iron ions

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第3期10卷 837-852页

作者： Yanfei Li Jiaying Wang Chenfei Lu Zhongman Wang Chengyan deng Kang Gao Jingjing Li Zhijun Fang Hao Liu Yan hong Silan Dai Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation&Molecular Breeding National Engineering Research Center for FloricultureBeijingLaboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological EnvironmentKey Laboratory for Genetics and Breeding of Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of EducationSchool of Landscape ArchitectureBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Beijing Greenland Maintenance and Management Service Center Beijing 102211China Beijing North Asia Landscape Co. Beijing 102211China

Although some species that accumulate only cyanidin(Cy)in nature can produce blue flowers through iron ions,there has been no evidence of blue chrysanthemums being generated in this *** study revealed that flavonoid extracts from the ray florets of the chrysanthemum cultivar‘Wandai Fengguang’turned blue when exposed to Fe^(3+).Samples that could turn blue were labeled as CB(Cy-determined blue flowers),while samples that did not turn blue were labeled as CN(Cy-determined non-blue flowers).After a series of experiments,a stable screening system was established using flavonoid extracts containing NaAc buffer at pH 5.5 and a total anthocyanin concentration(TAC)of 30 μmol·L^(-1),and the addition of Fe^(3+)from 0 to 0.25 μmol·L^(-1)allowed for the selection of five CB samples from 39 chrysanthemum *** five CB samples exhibited flower color phenotypes that belonged to Cluster-I with redness(a*)values ranging from 29.03 to 45.99,yellowness(b*)values from-11.31 to 3.77,and brightness(L*)values from 29.07 to ***,the ratio of TAC to total luteolin concentration(TLC)was found to be a critical factor for distinguishing between CB and CN *** realize the desired blue hue in the flavonoid extracts with the participation of Fe^(3+),a TAC to TLC ratio of 2.25 and above is ***,the protoplasts and ray florets of CB samples that turned blue with the involvement of Fe^(2+)showed great potential for cultivating blue chrysanthemums through ferric-anthocyanin ***,this study reveals that blue flowers can be cultivated through the increase in the iron ion concentration,combined with the accumulation of Cy.

关键词： Chrysanthemum×morifolium Cyanidin Copigment Ferric-anthocyanin chelate Blue flower

A Contrastive Analysis of English and Chinese Idioms About Color Words & Their Cultural Connotations

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Sino-US English Teaching 2024年第9期21卷 439-442页

作者： WANG hong-mei University of Shanghai for Science and Technology ShanghaiChina

There are many idioms related to color words in English and *** use of color words in idioms adds beauty and vividness to the *** to the cultural differences,“color idioms”have gained different cultural connotations with the development of English and Chinese *** is of great significance to accurately understand and grasp the meanings and differences of color-related idioms in Chinese and *** paper intends to analyze and expound the cultural connotations of English and Chinese idioms related to several widely used basic color words with the aim of helping English learners know and use the idioms about color words better.

关键词： idioms about color words cultural connotation contrastive analysis

In-Plane Dynamic Crushing Behaviors of a Vertex-Based Hierarchical Auxetic Honeycomb

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2024年第1期37卷 53-62页

作者： Yichen Zan Xiuhui Hou Zichen deng School of Mechanics Civil Engineering and ArchitectureNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China MIIT Key Laboratory of Dynamics and Control of Complex Systems Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China School of Aeronautics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial EquipmentDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China

Auxetic metamaterials,which exhibit the negative Poisson’s ratio(NPR)effect,have found wide applications in many engineering ***,their high porosity inevitably weakens their bearing capacity and impact *** improve the energy absorption efficiency of auxetic honeycombs,a novel vertex-based hierarchical star-shaped honeycomb(VSH)is designed by replacing each vertex in the classical star-shaped honeycomb(SSH)with a newly added self-similar *** analytical model is built to investigate the Young’s modulus of VSH,which shows good agreement with experimental results and numerical *** in-plane dynamic crushing behaviors of VSH at three different crushing velocities are investigated,and empirical formulas for the densification strain and plateau stress are *** results reveal more stable deformation modes for VSH,attributed to the addition of self-similar star-shaped ***,compared with SSH under the same relative densities,VSH exhibits better specific energy absorption and higher plateau ***,VSH is verified to be a better candidate for energy absorption while maintaining the auxetic *** study is expected to provide a new design strategy for auxetic honeycombs.

关键词： Vertex-based hierarchical star-shaped honeycomb Auxetic honeycomb Energy absorption Plateau stress Negative Poisson's ratio