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Deep learning-based lung sound analysis for intelligent stethoscope

Military Medical Research 2024年第4期11卷 567-588页

作者： Dong-Min Huang Jia Huang Kun Qiao Nan-Shan Zhong hong-zhou lu Wen-Jin Wang Department of Biomedical Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055GuangdongChina The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen Shenzhen 518112GuangdongChina Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseaseNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseasethe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510120China

Auscultation is crucial for the diagnosis of respiratory system ***,traditional stethoscopes have inherent limitations,such as inter-listener variability and subjectivity,and they cannot record respiratory sounds for offline/retrospective diagnosis or remote prescriptions in *** emergence of digital stethoscopes has overcome these limitations by allowing physicians to store and share respiratory sounds for consultation and *** this basis,machine learning,particularly deep learning,enables the fully-automatic analysis of lung sounds that may pave the way for intelligent *** review thus aims to provide a comprehensive overview of deep learning algorithms used for lung sound analysis to emphasize the significance of artificial intelligence(AI)in this *** focus on each component of deep learning-based lung sound analysis systems,including the task categories,public datasets,denoising methods,and,most importantly,existing deep learning methods,i.e.,the state-of-the-art approaches to convert lung sounds into two-dimensional(2D)spectrograms and use convolutional neural networks for the end-to-end recognition of respiratory diseases or abnormal lung ***,this review highlights current challenges in this field,including the variety of devices,noise sensitivity,and poor interpretability of deep *** address the poor reproducibility and variety of deep learning in this field,this review also provides a scalable and flexible open-source framework that aims to standardize the algorithmic workflow and provide a solid basis for replication and future extension:https://***/contactless-healthcare/Deep-Learning-for-lung-Sound-Analysis.

关键词： Deep learning lung sound analysis Respiratory sounds

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Concomitant and sequential administration of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir and azvudine in patients with COVID-19 caused by the Omicron variant: Safety and efficacy

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iLABMED 2024年第2期2卷 88-97页

作者： Guang-Bin Chen You-Rou Zheng Yun-Ni Yu Li-Mian Liang Chao Chen Ying-Xia Liu hong-zhou lu Department of Clinical Pharmacy Third People's Hospital of ShenzhenShenzhenGuangdongChina National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases Division of Infectious DiseasesThe Third People's Hospital of ShenzhenShenzhenGuangdongChina

Background:This study assessed the safety and efficacy of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir(Paxlovid®)and azvudine when administered sequentially or concomitantly in patients with coronavirus 2019(COVID-19)caused by the Omicron ***:Ninety-three patients confirmed to be infected with the Omicron variant by nucleic acid detection were retrospectively ***-tion was collected on general health status,medication,and adverse drug reactions(ADRs)according to whether nirmatrelvir-ritonavir and azvudine were administered sequentially or *** on times of onset,clinical manifestations,and outcomes of ADRs and on conversion to a nega-tive nucleic acid test were also ***:Possible ADRs were recorded in 41 patients(44.1%).There were 22 gastrointestinal reactions in 18 patients and 18 hematological abnormalities in 16 after sequential or concomitant treatment with nirmatrelvir-ritonavir and *** enzyme levels increased in nine cases and creatinine clearance decreased in *** of atrial fibrillation(n=1),sleep disorder(n=2),rash(n=2),dizziness(n=1),and weakness(n=5)were also *** vomiting,poor appetite,diarrhea,xerostomia,bitter taste,and rash were considered probable ADRs;others were thought to be possible *** all cases,the nucleic acid test did not turn negative after the first antiviral was *** nucleic acid test of 28 patients did not turn negative before *** remaining 65 patients(69.9%)returned a negative nucleic acid test after receiving the second antiviral ***:Treatment with nirmatrelvir-ritonavir and azvudine is safe and effective whether administered sequentially or concomitantly in patients with COVID-19 caused by the Omicron variant.

关键词： adverse drug reactions azvudine efficacy nirmatrelvir-ritonavir Omicron variant safety

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Disseminated nontuberculous mycobacteria infection in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients

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Chinese Medical Journal 2021年第23期134卷 2838-2840页

作者： Li Liu Jing-Jing Hu hong-zhou lu Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology Shanghai Public Health Clinical CenterFudan UniversityShanghai 201508China School of Public Health Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbuAnhui 233000China.

Nontuberculous mycobacteria(NTM)infection can occur in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients,but disseminated NTM infection is mostly occurred in immunocompromised patients such as people using long-term immunosuppressants or patients with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infection,particular-ly in those with CD4+T lymphocyte count<50 cells/*** infection by NTM is considered a fatal acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS)-defining opportunistic infection with high mortality in this population.

关键词： patients infection immunodeficiency

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Penicillium marneffei chylous ascites in acquired immune deficiency syndrome:A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第37期18卷 5312-5314页

作者： Yin-Zhong Shen Zhen-Yan Wang hong-zhou lu Department of Infectious Diseases Shanghai Public Health Clinical CenterFudan UniversityShanghai 201508China

Penicillium marneffei （R marneffei） infection usually occurs with skin, bone marrow, lung or hepatic involve- ment. However, no cases of P. mameffei infection with chylous ascites have been reported thus far. In this re- port, we describe the first case of acquired immune de- ficiency syndrome （AIDS） which has been complicated by a P. marneffei infection causing chylous ascites. We describe the details of the case, with an emphasis on treatment regimen. This patient was treated with am- photericin B for 3 mo, while receiving concomitant ther- apy with an efavirenz-containing antiretroviral regimen, but cultures in ascitic fluid were persistently positive for P. marneffei. The infection resolved after treatment with high-dose voriconazole （400 mg every 12 h） for 3 too. R marneffei should be considered in the differential di- agnosis of chylous ascites in human immunodeficiency virus patients. High-dose voriconazole is an effective, well-tolerated and convenient option for the treatment of systemic infections with R marneffei in AIDS patients on an efavirenz-containing antiretroviral regimen.

关键词： Chylous ascites Penicillium marneffei Ac-quired immune deficiency syndrome Voriconazole Efa-virenz Fungal sepsis

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Effect of vanadium on hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility of high-strength hot-stamped steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2021年第2期28卷 211-222页

作者： Wei-jian Chen Peng-fei Gao Shuai Wang hong-zhou lu Zheng-zhi Zhao Collaborative Innovation Center of Steel Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Laboratory for Modern Transportation Advanced Metal Materials and Processing Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China CITIC Metal Co. Ltd.Beijing 100004China

Based on the chemical composition of traditional hot-stamped steel(e.g.,22MnB5 and 30MnB5),Nb and V microalloying elements are added into 30MnB5 steel to meet the requirements of ultra-high strength,excellent ductility and potent resistance to hydrogen embrittlement(HE)at the same *** influence of hot-stamped steel on HE was studied by conducting a hydrogen permeation method and pre-charged hydrogen slow strain rate ***,the experimental steel microstructures and corresponding fracture surfaces are observed and analyzed to characterize HE *** results show that a finer microstructure,a lower apparent diffusion coefficient of hydrogen and a smaller percentage of strength and plasticity reduction are obtained due to the addition of the vanadium element into hot-stamped *** to the V free experimental steel,the steel with 0.14 wt.% V has a large number of dispersive precipitates and more grain boundary areas,which makes hydrogen atoms dispersedly distribute.

关键词： Hot-stamped steel Vanadium Hydrogen embrittlement Hydrogen permeation test Slow strain rate test Microstructure

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Overviews of reviews on patient compliance with medication protocols used in highly active antiretroviral therapy

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2015年第1期2卷 61-65页

作者： Liang Fu Yan Hu hong-zhou lu School of Nursing Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Infectious Disease Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center Affiliated with Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina

Purpose:To provide evidence support for the development of clinical practice guidelines regarding patient adherence to medication protocols used in highly active antiretroviral therapy(HAART)in ***:We analyzed information contained in recent systematic reviews and metaanalyses regarding patient compliance with medication protocols used in ***:Nine systematic reviews and one meta-analysis were included in our study which involved three different aspects of patient compliance:influencing factors,assessment methods,and ***:The high quality data obtained from our study was suitable for use in developing clinically useful guidelines for patent compliance with HAART medication protocols.

关键词： Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Drug therapy Patient compliance Overviews of reviews

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Application potential of high performance steels for weight reduction and efficiency increase in commercial vehicles

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Advances in Manufacturing 2015年第1期3卷 27-36页

作者： Jian Bian Hardy Mohrbacher Jian-Su Zhang Yun-Tang Zhao hong-zhou lu Han Dong Niobium Tech Asia Singapore NiobelCon BVBA SchildeBelgium Central Research Institute Baoshan Iron & Steel Co.Ltd. Shougang Research Institute of Technology Shougang Group Citic Metal Co.Ltd. Central Iron and Steel Research Institute

The fast-growing economy and the gradually established highway system have boosted the road trans- portation for both passenger and cargo over the last decade in China. From 2000 to 2010 Chinese GDP increased by around 10.15% annually and the sales of medium and heavy trucks by around 18.87% （sales increased from 0.2 million in 2000 to 1.3 million in 2010） according to the National Bureau of Statistics of People＇s Republic of China. Today commercial vehicles consume almost the same amount of fuel as pas- senger cars in China although the number of commercial vehicles is only about one fourth of passenger cars. It is estimated that around 50% of imported fuel to China each year will be consumed by vehicle transportation. This si- tuation will worsen fuel shortage problems in the long run and at the same time it is partially responsible for the ever- worsening air pollution in China. Due to the widespread overloading in China, lightweight development in commer- cial vehicles has fallen far behind that of passenger cars with the consequences that Chinese commercial vehicles consume in average about 20% more fuel, especially the heavy trucks, compared to European models. Under these circumstances it is essential to reduce the vehicle fuel consumption and in- crease the transport efficiency. The key solution thereby is to implement lightweight design in commercial vehicles as it has been successfully practiced over the last decade in the passenger cars. This paper summarizes highlights given in presentations during the ＂International seminar on the ap- plication of high strength steels in light weight commercial vehicles＂ with the focus on the development and application of Nb alloyed high performance steels made for lightweight commercial vehicles.

关键词： Commercial vehicle .Fuel consumptionLight weighting . High performance steel. Nb-basedmetallurgy

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Hydrogen Embrittlement of Advanced High-Strength Steel for Automobile Application:A Review

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2023年第7期36卷 1144-1158页

作者： Ming-Tu Ma Ke-Jian Li Yu Si Peng-Jun Cao hong-zhou lu Ai-Min Guo Guo-Dong Wang State Key Laboratory of Vehicle NVH and Safety Technology Chongqing 401122China China Automotive Engineering Research Institute Co. Ltd.Chongqing 401122China School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Chongqing University of Science&TechnologyChongqing 401331China CITIC Metal Co.Ltd Beijing 100004China RAL of Dongbei University Shenyang 110819China

The hydrogen embrittlement(HE)fracture of advanced high-strength steels used in lightweight automobiles has received increasing public *** source,transmission,and movement of hydrogen,characterization parameters,and test methods of HE,as well as the characteristics and path of HE fractures,are *** mechanisms and modes of crack propagation of HE and hydrogen-induced delayed fracture are *** recent progress surrounding micro and macro typical fracture characteristics and the influencing factors of HE are ***,methods for improving HE resistance can be summarized as follows:(1)reducing crystalline grain and inclusion sizes(oxides,sulfides,and titanium nitride),(2)controlling nano-precipitates(niobium carbide,titanium carbide,and composite precipitation),and(3)increasing residual austenite content under the reasonable tension strength of steel.

关键词： Hydrogen embrittlement High-strength steel Hydrogen-induced delayed cracking Hydrogen trapping Residual austenite

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Routinely detected indicators in plasma have a predictive effect on the identification of HIV-infected patients with non-tuberculous mycobacterial and tuberculous infections

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 1172-1179页

作者： Ren-tian Cai Feng-xue Yu Zhen Tao Xue-qin Qian Jun Chen hong-zhou lu Department of Infectious Diseases Nanjing First HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina Department of Infectious Diseases Shanghai Public Health Clinical CenterFudan UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Nephrology the Second Affiliated Hospital of the Southeast UniversityNanjingChina Department of Mycobacteria Culture Shanghai Public Health Clinical CenterFudan UniversityShanghaiChina Huashan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University ShanghaiChina Medical College of Fudan University ShanghaiChina

Background:It is difficult to quickly distinguish non-tuberculous mycobacterial(NTM)infection from tuberculosis(TB)infection in human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-infected patients because of many similarities between these diseases.A simple and effective way to determine the differences using routine blood tests is necessary in developing ***:A retrospective cohort study was conducted to recruit HIV-infected patients with either NTM infection or TB infection diagnosed for the first time according to mycobacterial culture and microscopic identification from May 2010 to March *** data included the analysis of blood cells,liver function,renal function,C-reactive protein(CRP),and erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),and were compared between the HIV/TB and HIV/NTM ***:A total of 240 patients were *** number of HIV/TB and HIV/NTM patients was 113 and 127,*** were no significant differences in the CD4 T-cell count,age,sex,percentage of patients initiating antiretroviral therapy(ART)before the explicit diagnosis of TB or NTM *** infection was more likely to be restricted in the pulmonary while TB infection also involves extra-pulmonary *** the leukocyte count(5.60×109/L)and the proportion of neutrophils in the leukocyte count(76.70%)in the HIV/TB group were significantly higher than those in the HIV/NTM group(4.40×10^(9)/L[P=0.0014]and 69.30%[Plue was 69.5 mm/h for ESR,with a positive pred

关键词： HIV Tuberculosis Non-tuberculous mycobacteria

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Beamline design for multipurpose muon beams at CSNS EMuS

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第5期35卷 1-12页

作者： Yang hong Ying-Peng Song lu-Ping zhou Jing-Yu Tang Zhi-Hao zhou Nikolaos Vassilopoulos Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100049China Spallation Neutron Source Science Center Dongguan 523803China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Radiotherapy Physics and Technology Center Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center Xi’an 710049China Department of Radiation Oncology First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China

A new muon beam facility,called the Experimental Muon Source(EMuS),was proposed for construction at the China Spallation Neutron Source(CSNS).The design of the complex muon beamlines for the EMuS baseline scheme,which is based on superconducting solenoids,superferric dipoles and room-temperature magnets,is presented *** muon beams,including surface muons,decay muons and low energy muons,have been developed for multipurpose *** optics design and simulation results of the trunk beamline and branch beamlines are *** a proton beam power of 25 kW at a standalone target station that consists of a conical graphite target and high-field superconducting solenoids,the muon beam intensity in the trunk beamline varies from 10^(7)/s for surface muons to 10^(10)/s for high-momentum decay *** at the endstations,these values vary from 10^(5)/s for surface muons to 10^(8)/s for decay muons.

关键词： Surface muons Decay muons Muon beamline Superconducting solenoids Multi-channel electrostatic separator

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