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Are we close to using Alzheimer blood biomarkers in clinical practice?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2583-2585页

作者： Bruno p.Imbimbo Simone Lista Camillo Imbimbo Robert Nisticò Department of Research&Development Chiesi FarmaceuticiParmaItaly i+HeALTH Strategic Research Group Department of Health SciencesMiguel de Cervantes European University(UEMC)ValladolidSpain Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences University of PaviaPaviaItaly School of pharmacy University of Rome“Tor Vergata”RomeItaly Laboratory of pharmacology of Synaptic plasticity EBRI Rita Levi-Montalcini FoundationRomeItaly

Alzheimer's disease(AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease histologically characterized by the presence of extraneuronal plaques,mainly formed by the 42-aminoacid isoform of amyloid-(Aβ_(1-42)),and by intraneuronal neurofibrillary to ngles,mainly formed by the tau protein and its hyperphosphorylated isoforms(p-tau).AD is the most common cause of dementia,with an estimated lifetime risk of about 1 in 10 for men and 1 in 5 for women.

关键词： Alzheimer tau Aβ

RepDNet:A re-parameterization despeckling network for autonomous underwater side-scan sonar imaging with prior-knowledge customized convolution

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第5期35卷 259-274页

作者： Zhuoyi Li Zhisen Wang Deshan Chen Tsz Leung y.p Angelo p.Teixeira Department of Logistics and Maritime Studies The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityChina State Key Laboratory of Maritime Technology and Safety Wuhan University of TechnologyChina School of Transportation and Logistics Engineering Wuhan University of TechnologyChina National Engineering Research Center for Water Transport Safety Wuhan University of TechnologyChina Centre for Marine Technology and Ocean Engineering(CENTEC) Instituto Superior TecnicoUniversidade de LisboaPortugal

Side-scan sonar(SSS)is now a prevalent instrument for large-scale seafloor topography measurements,deployable on an autonomous underwater vehicle(AUV)to execute fully automated underwater acoustic scanning imaging along a predetermined ***,SSS images often suffer from speckle noise caused by mutual interference between echoes,and limited AUV computational resources further hinder noise *** approaches for SSS image processing and speckle noise reduction rely heavily on complex network structures and fail to combine the benefits of deep learning and domain *** address the problem,Rep DNet,a novel and effective despeckling convolutional neural network is *** DNet introduces two re-parameterized blocks:the pixel Smoothing Block(pSB)and Edge Enhancement Block(EEB),preserving edge information while attenuating speckle *** training,pSB and EEB manifest as double-layered multi-branch structures,integrating first-order and secondorder derivatives and smoothing *** inference,the branches are re-parameterized into a 3×3 convolution,enabling efficient inference without sacrificing *** DNet comprises three computational operations:3×3 convolution,element-wise summation and Rectified Linear Unit *** on benchmark datasets,a real SSS dataset and Data collected at Lake Mulan aestablish Rep DNet as a well-balanced network,meeting the AUV computational constraints in terms of performance and latency.

关键词： Side-scan sonar Sonar image despeckling Domain knowledge Re-parameterization

Microbial-inspired self-healing of concrete cracks by sodium silicate-coated recycled concrete aggregates served as bacterial carrier

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第1期18卷 14-29页

作者： Jing XU Xianzhi WANG Wu yAO Anna A.KULMINSKAyA Surendra p.SHAH Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials(Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 201804China petersburg Nuclear physics Institute Named by B.p.Konstantinov of National Research Centre Kurchatov InstituteGatchina 188300Russia Center for Advanced Construction Materials University of Texas at ArlingtonArlingtonTX 76019USA

Microbially induced carbonate precipitation(MICp)is a promising technique for the autonomous healing of concrete *** this study,the effect of pH on MICp was *** results indicate that the MICp process was inhibited when the pH was higher than *** vaterite and calcite were produced when the pH wasy calcite was produced when the pH was>*** concrete aggregates(RCA)coated with sodium silicate have been proposed as protective carriers for microbial healing *** the presence of the coated RCA resulted in a loss of the splitting tension strength of the concrete,the loaded healing agents were highly efficient in self-healing *** incorporated with 20%RCA loaded with healing agents exhibited the best self-healing *** the initial crack widths were between 0.3 and 0.4 mm,the 7-d mean healing rate was approximately 90%.At 28 d,the crack area filling ratio was 86.4%,while its water tightness recovery ratio was 74.4%and 29.8%,respectively,for rapid and slow *** study suggests that RCA coated with sodium silicate is an effective method for packaging microbial healing agents and has great potential for developing cost-effective self-healing concrete.

关键词： self-healing microbial-induced carbonate precipitation water uptake recycled concrete aggregate protective carrier

Assembly of peptide nanostructures with controllable sizes

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Nano Research 2024年第1期17卷 151-161页

作者： Dan Cheng Fan Jia yun-Bao Jiang Vincent p.Conticello Tao Jiang The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation Department of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian province(IKKEM) Xiamen 361005China Department of Chemistry Emory UniversityAtlanta 30033USA

Controlled peptide assembly offers significant promise to develop synthetic supramolecular nanostructures to display material and biological properties that mimic protein assemblies in *** the progress in forming peptide nanostructures of various morphology,there exists a distinct gap between natural and synthetic assembly systems in terms of size *** nanostructures with a narrow size distribution that can be tuned over a wide range of length-scales is essential for applications that require precise spacing between *** approach provides the opportunity to correlate materials and biological properties of interest with assembly *** this review,we discuss representative endeavors over the past two decades for design of size-controllable peptide nanostructures using tunable building *** mechanisms for size control,e.g.,molecular frustration,template-directed peptide assembly,and multi-component peptide co-assembly,will also be *** also demonstrate the applicable scopes of these strategies and suggest potential future avenues for scientific advances in this field.

关键词： peptide assembly controllable size template multi-component

CO oxidation under lean and stoichiometric conditions over ceriazirconia with very low metal contents(Cu,Co,Ag and pt)

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第9期42卷 1669-1681,I0002页

作者： J.C.Martínez-Munuera M.p.yeste A.García-García MCMA Group Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute of MaterialsUniversity of AlicanteCarretera de San Vicente del Raspeig s/n03690San Vicente del RaspeigAlicanteSpain Solid Chemistry and Catalysis Group Department of Materials ScienceMetallurgic Engineering and Inorganic ChemistryInstitute of Electronic Microscopy and Materials ResearchUniversity of CádizAp.40E-11510Puerto RealCádizSpain

In this work,several ceria-zirconia based catalysts with very lo w(and equimolar) metal contents were prepared,characterised and tested for the CO oxidatio n reaction(under lean and stoichiometric conditions),trying to emulate those conditions found in a diesel oxidation catalyst(DOC) system from a diesel engine and those encountered under gasoline exhaust(λ=1).The metals chosen are Cu,Co,Ag and pt(as a reliable benchmark).The results reveal enormous differences among reducibility and catalytic activity despite quite similar structural and textural properties of the catalysts,showing differences among dispersion(Ag-catalyst seems to present a low level of dispersion).This catalyst seems to be characterised,as well,by a strong electronic interaction between Ce and Ag centres which is suggested to yield an improved reducibility under H_(2)-TpR ***,the order in catalytic activity(Cu>Ag>Co≈pt>>support) seems not to follow the order found in reducibility and the Cu-catalyst seems to be the most active independently on the reaction conditions,yielding nearly overlapped CO oxidation catalytic *** restingly,a stro ng correlation between the catalytic activity under the two conditions tested and the OSC values of the Ce_(0.8)Zr_(0.2)O_(2)-supported metal catalysts is ***,OSC parameter measured at 150℃ can be used as a relevant descriptor to evaluate the CO oxidation activity at low and medium conversions for the investigated catalysts,much better than the H_(2)-TpR measurements.

关键词： CO oxidation Low metal content Ceria-zirconia Copper species OSC parameter Rare earths

Effect of Al2O3/TiO2/Na2O on enrichment of phosphorus in p-bearing steelmaking slag

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2019年第8期26卷 796-805页

作者： kan yu yan-ling Zhang Feng-shan Li Ming Gao State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

To explore the influence of Al2O3/TiO2/Na2O on the mineralogical structure and phosphorus enrichment of converter slag, phosphorus enrichment and distribution in the CaO-SiO2-Fe2O3-MgO-Al2O3/TiO2/Na2O slag system were experimen-tally examined. The results show that phosphorus mainly exists in an n2CaO·SiO2-3CaO·p2O5 (nC2S-C3p) solid solution. Al2O3/TiO2/Na2O is beneficial for phosphorus enrichment in the CaO-SiO2-Fe2O3-MgO slag system to various degrees. This allows screening and separation of the enriched phase in the slag. When Al2O3 content was increased from 0 to 15%, the p2O5 content in the p-rich phase increased from 13.88 to 21.32%, and the area of the p-rich phase decreased from 57.50 to 37.87%. When the TiO2 content was increased from 0 to 10%, the content of p2O5 in the p-rich phase increased from 13.88 to 22.90%, and the area of the p-rich phase decreased from 57.50 to 39.20%. When the contents of Al2O3 and TiO2 were increased, the previously formed nC2S-C3p solid solution transformed into n′C2S-C3p (n phos-phorus content. Na2O had no significant effect on phosphorus enrichment, but exerted significant influence on the area of the p-rich phase. When the Na2O content was increased from 0 to 8%, the previously formed nC2S-C3p solid solution gradually became Na2Ca4(pO4)2SiO4, and the area of the p-rich phase increased from 57.50 to 68.50%. With increasing the content of ATN (a mixture with a mass ratio of Al2O3/TiO2/Na2O = 15:4:3) from 0 to 30%, the content of p2O5 increased from 13.88 to 42.10% and the area of the p-rich phase decreased from 54.92 to 18.40%.

关键词： phosphorus enrichment nC2S-C3p solid solution Modification p-bearing steelmaking slag

Effect of high temperature short time infrared roasting of peanuts

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Journal of Future Foods 2024年第2期4卷 173-178页

作者： Rahi Golani Chinglen Leishangthem hongwei Xiao Qi Zhang p.p.Sutar Department of Food process Engineering National Institute of Technology RourkelaOdisha 769008India College of Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China College of Mechanical Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225127China

Roasting is the most common processing method that enhances color,and *** this study,infrared roasting of peanuts was done using an infrared rotary *** was operated at 90%infrared power(630 W)with different rotating speed(1 and 2 r/min).The effect of roasting was studied at different moisture levels(7.66%,11.49%,and 13.72%db).From the study,the color parameter,L*value,was found to be significantly different(ppeed,and the∆E value varies from 2.32 to *** also showed that the antioxidant activity decreased with the reduction in rotating speed as lesser revolutions took longer roasting time,and the values decreased from 84.34%to 71.74%.Minimal changes in total phenolic content were found and varied from 3.62 to 2.10 mg/g GAE,an appropriate limit for good-quality roasted *** hardness of roasted peanuts ranged from 12.25 to 39.43 *** content 13.72%,and 1 r/min is the best possible treatment for infrared peanut roasting,significantly enhancing the quality of *** study concluded that high-power short-time infrared roasting could give good-quality roasted peanuts with optimum bioactive compounds.

关键词： Roasting Infrared Total phenolic content Antioxidant activity

perianal Crohn’s disease:Still more questions than answers

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第39期30卷 4260-4266页

作者： Akhilesh Swaminathan Miles p Sparrow Department of Medicine University of OtagoChristchurch 8011CanterburyNew Zealand Department of Gastroenterology Alfred HealthMelbourne 3004VictoriaAustralia Department of Gastroenterology The Alfred HospitalMelbourne 3004VictoriaAustralia Department of Gastroenterology Alfred Health and School of Translational MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourne 3004VictoriaAustralia

In this editorial we comment on the article by.pacheco et al published in a recent issue of the World Journal of *** focus specifically on the burden of illness associated with perianal fistulizing Crohn’s disease(pFCD)and the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in the management of this ***-ving evidence has shifted the diagnostic framework for pFCD from anatomical classification systems,to one that is more nuanced and patient-focused to drive ongoing decision *** editorial aims to reflect on these aspects to help clinicians face the challenge of pFCD in day-to-day clinical practice.

关键词： perianal Crohn’s disease Crohn’s disease classification Disease severity Crohn’s disease treatment Anorectal malignancy

补阳还五汤通过miR-26a-5p激活pTEN/pI3K/Akt信号通路减轻大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤

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中国中药杂志 2024年第15期49卷 4197-4206页

作者：张修红傅开龙林侃李楠姚明龙郑关毅福建医科大学附属协和医院中医科福建福州350001

为探讨补阳还五汤抗大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的机制,180只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、补阳还五汤组、补阳还五汤+miR-26a-5p激动剂(激动剂)组、补阳还五汤+激动剂阴性对照(激动剂阴性对照)组,每组36只;每组又按再灌注时间分为第3、7... 详细信息

为探讨补阳还五汤抗大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的机制,180只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、补阳还五汤组、补阳还五汤+miR-26a-5p激动剂(激动剂)组、补阳还五汤+激动剂阴性对照(激动剂阴性对照)组,每组36只;每组又按再灌注时间分为第3、7、14天3个亚组。除假手术组外,其余各组采用线栓法诱导大脑中动脉阻塞(MCAO)模型,缺血90 min后再灌注。补阳还五汤组、激动剂组、激动剂阴性对照组建模24 h后开始给予补阳还五汤灌胃,每日2次;假手术组、模型组灌胃等量生理盐水,直至处死的前1 d。激动剂组和激动剂阴性对照组建模24 h后分别于侧脑室注射miR-26a-5p激动剂和miR-26a-5p激动剂阴性对照剂,其他各组注射等量生理盐水。各组建模24 h后腹腔注射5-溴脱氧尿苷(BrdU),每日1次,直至处死的前1 d。采用改良版神经损伤严重程度评分(mNSS)评价神经功能缺损,2,3,5-三苯四氮唑(TTC)染色检测脑梗死体积,TUNEL染色检测脑组织细胞凋亡,免疫荧光双标记法检测BrdU/NeuN双阳性(BrdU^(+)/NeuN^(+))细胞数评估新生神经元,双荧光素酶实验验证pTEN是miR-26a-5p的靶基因,实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction,RT-qpCR)检测pTEN及miR-26a-5p的表达,蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测pTEN、pI3K、p-pI3K、Akt、p-Akt的表达。结果显示,与模型组比较,补阳还五汤可促进脑缺血大鼠神经功能恢复,缩小脑梗死体积,增加BrdU+/NeuN+细胞数,上调miR-26a-5p的表达,调控pTEN/pI3K/Akt信号通路,促进神经元新生;侧脑室注射miR-26a-5p激动剂后加强上述效应。综上所述,补阳还五汤可促进脑缺血大鼠神经功能恢复,减小脑梗死体积,促进脑缺血大鼠神经元新生,其机制可能是通过miR-26a-5p激活pTEN/pI3K/Akt信号通路。

关键词：补阳还五汤脑缺血再灌注神经保护 miR-26a-5p 大脑中动脉闭塞局灶性脑缺血 pTEN/pI3K/Akt