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A new electric field mill array with each of the mill’s rotor controlled precisely by a GPS module:Equipment and initial results

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第2期8卷 423-435页

作者： Kozo Yamashita Hironobu Fujisaka DaoHong Wang Hiroyuki Iwasaki Kazuo Yamamoto Koichiro Michimoto Masashi hayakawa Department of Production Systems Engineering and Sciences Komatsu UniversityNu 1-3 Shicho-machiKomatsuIshikawa 923-8511Japan Fujisaka Technology Office 1058-5 Yoshizawa-choOhta-shiGunma 373-0019Japan Department of Electrical Electronic and Computer EngineeringGifu University1-1 YanagidoGifu CityGifu 501-1193Japan Cooperative Faculty of Education Gunma University4-2-Aramaki-machiMaebashiGunma 371-8510Japan Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Chubu University1200 Matsumoto-choKasugaiAichi 487-8501Japan Independent Researcher Kosenba Town 2-44-11-406Kawagoe CitySaitama350-0036Japan Advanced Wireless&Communications Research Center The University of Electro-Communications1-5-1 ChofugaokaChofuTokyo 182-8585Japan

We have newly designed an electrostatic sensor,called an electric field mill(EFM),to simplify the estimation of the charge position and charge amount transferred by lightning *** is necessary for this remote estimation of the transferred charge to measure electric field changes caused by charge loss at the time of a lightning strike at multiple *** multiple-station measurement of electric field changes,not only speed but also phase for exposure and shielding of the sensing plates inside each EFM of the array should be synchronized to maintain the sensitivities of the deployed ***,there is no such EFM with specified speed and phase control performance of the rotary ***,we developed a new EFM in which the rotary mechanism was controlled consistently to within 3%error by a GPS *** EFMs had been distributed in the Hokuriku area of Japan during the winter season of 2022-2023 for a test *** we describe the design and a simple calibration method for our new EFM *** analysis method based on the assumption of a simple monopole charge structure is also *** validation,locations of assumed point charges were compared with three-dimensional lightning mapping data estimated by radio observations in the MF-HF *** results indicated the validity to estimate transferred charge amounts and positions of winter cloud-to-ground lightning discharges with our new EFM array.

关键词： lightning electrostatic field electric field mill electric field change

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缓变弯道河道冲刷试验研究

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水力发电学报 2007年第2期26卷 99-103,98页

作者：魏炳乾孙小军宁利中早川博张新庆西安理工大学水利水电学院西安710048 日本国立北见工业大学土木开发工学科

有关弯道水流及其河道演变特性的研究一直为人们所关注。本文引入了在直线段和单一曲率圆弯道间插入曲率渐变的过渡段这一新的弯道型式,舒缓水流冲击力和离心力作用,以减轻水流对河床及堤身、堤脚的冲蚀破坏。作者首先对这一弯道和圆弯... 详细信息

有关弯道水流及其河道演变特性的研究一直为人们所关注。本文引入了在直线段和单一曲率圆弯道间插入曲率渐变的过渡段这一新的弯道型式,舒缓水流冲击力和离心力作用,以减轻水流对河床及堤身、堤脚的冲蚀破坏。作者首先对这一弯道和圆弯道的水流流速、副流强度进行了数值模拟的计算和比较;又通过变换床沙、流量及放水时间,进行了24组合的动床试验;最后,通过整理分析所有实验数据,对插有缓变曲线的弯道的减蚀作用进行了探讨。结果表明:插有缓变曲线的弯道可以减轻水流对两岸堤身和堤脚的冲蚀破坏;在弯道同一横断上的最大冲深与沙洲波高的比值最终稳定在0.58。

关键词：河流泥沙工程学缓变曲线弯道弯道副流河道演变冲刷

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基于沙粒佛汝德数相似原理推算沙波河床上推移质输沙率

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西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版） 2007年第6期35卷 207-210页

作者：魏炳乾孙小军早川博西安理工大学教育部西北水资源与环境生态重点实验室陕西西安710048 北见工业大学土木开发工学科

基于沙粒佛汝德数相似原理,首先推导出利用模型试验结果估算原型沙波河床上推移质输沙率的推算公式;然后塑造与原型较为一致的床面形态,利用模型试验对推算公式进行了验证。结果表明,在保证原型与模型的粒径比尺较大,且模型与原型床面... 详细信息

基于沙粒佛汝德数相似原理,首先推导出利用模型试验结果估算原型沙波河床上推移质输沙率的推算公式;然后塑造与原型较为一致的床面形态,利用模型试验对推算公式进行了验证。结果表明,在保证原型与模型的粒径比尺较大,且模型与原型床面形态一致的条件下,运用该方法推算沙波河床上的推移质输沙率时,可以取得较为满意的结果。

关键词：沙粒佛汝德数相似原理推移质输沙率沙波河床模型试验

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Estimating the effective reproduction number of COVID-19 from population-wide wastewater data:An application in Kagawa,Japan

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第3期9卷 645-656页

作者： Yuta Okada hiroshi Nishiura Kyoto University School of Public Health Yoshida-KonoeSakyoKyoto606-8601Japan

Although epidemiological surveillance of COVID-19 has been gradually downgraded globally,the transmission of COVID-19 *** is critical to quantify the transmission dynamics of COVID-19 using multiple datasets including wastewater virus concentration ***,we propose a comprehensive method for estimating the effective reproduction number using wastewater *** wastewater virus concentration data,which were collected twice a week,were analyzed using daily COVID-19 incidence data obtained from Takamatsu,Japan between January 2022 and September *** estimated the shedding load distribution(SLD)as a function of time since the date of infection,using a model employing the delay distribution,which is assumed to follow a gamma distribution,multiplied by a scaling *** also examined models that accounted for the temporal smoothness of viral load measurement *** model that smoothed temporal patterns of viral load was the best fit model(WAIC=2795.8),which yielded a mean estimated distribution of SLD of 3.46 days(95%CrI:3.01–3.95 days).Using this SLD,we reconstructed the daily incidence,which enabled computation of the effective reproduction *** the best fit posterior draws of parameters directly,or as a prior distribution for subsequent analyses,we first used a model that assumed temporal smoothness of viral load concentrations in wastewater,as well as infection counts by date of *** the subsequent approach,we examined models that also incorporated weekly reported case counts as a proxy for weekly incidence *** approaches enabled estimations of the epidemic curve as well as the effective reproduction number from twice-weekly wastewater viral load *** weekly case count data reduced the uncertainty of the effective reproduction *** conclude that wastewater data are still a valuable source of information for inferring the transmission dynamics of COVID-19,and that inferential performance is enhanced when tho

关键词： Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) Wastewater-based epidemiology Shedding load distribution'Mathematical model

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渚滑川河口河床变动及水流水力特性

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水动力学研究与进展（A辑） 2006年第1期21卷 13-19页

作者：魏炳乾早川博内岛邦秀西安理工大学水电学院陕西西安710048 北见工业大学土木开发工学科

河口拦门沙的形成是波浪与河川水流共同作用的结果。本文首先通过对多次实地调查资料的分析，揭示了渚滑川河13部的水流水力特性和河床变化特性，结果表明：较高／低潮位时，以水深0．5m／（1～1．5m）为分界，其上层水流流向下游，副... 详细信息

河口拦门沙的形成是波浪与河川水流共同作用的结果。本文首先通过对多次实地调查资料的分析，揭示了渚滑川河13部的水流水力特性和河床变化特性，结果表明：较高／低潮位时，以水深0．5m／（1～1．5m）为分界，其上层水流流向下游，副流由左岸流向右岸，盐分含量低、水温高，下层水流表现正好相反；海水上溯距离300米；河口水流属于弱混掺型上淡、下盐水的异重流。最后，应用模拟口门宽度变化的首藤一维数值模型，对该河河口口门宽度进行了模拟计算，模拟结果与实测值呈现规律性吻合，模拟精度取决于实测数据量。

关键词：河口水流水力特性河床变动数值模拟

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The design and engineering strategies of metal tellurides for advanced metal-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第2期89卷 579-598,I0013页

作者： Wenmiao Zhao Xiaoyuan Shi Bo Liu hiroshi Ueno Ting Deng Weitao Zheng Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE School of Materials Science and EngineeringJilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy MaterialsJilin UniversityChangchun 130012JilinChina Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024JilinChina Key Laboratory of Preparation and Application of Environmental Friendly Materials(Jilin Normal University) Ministry of EducationChangchun 130103JilinChina Creative Interdisciplinary Research Division The Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences(FRIS)Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceTohoku UniversitySendai 980-8578Japan

Owning various crystal structures and high theoretical capacity,metal tellurides are emerging as promising electrode materials for high-performance metal-ion batteries(MBs).Since metal telluride-based MBs are quite new,fundamental issues raise regarding the energy storage mechanism and other aspects affecting electrochemical *** volume expansion,low intrinsic conductivity and slow ion diffusion kinetics jeopardize the performance of metal tellurides,so that rational design and engineering are crucial to circumvent these ***,this review provides an in-depth discussion of recent investigations and progresses of metal tellurides,beginning with a critical discussion on the energy storage mechanisms of metal tellurides in various *** the following,recent design and engineering strategies of metal tellurides,including morphology engineering,compositing,defect engineering and heterostructure construction,for high-performance MBs are *** primary focus is to present a comprehensive understanding of the structural evolution based on the mechanism and corresponding effects of dimension control,composition,electron configuration and structural complexity on the electrochemical *** closing,outlooks and prospects for future development of metal tellurides are *** work also highlights the promising directions of design and engineering strategies of metal tellurides with high performance and low cost.

关键词： Metal tellurides Metal-ion battery Energy storage mechanism Material design and engineering

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Epidemiological impact of revoking mask-wearing recommendation on COVID-19 transmission in Tokyo,Japan

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第4期9卷 1289-1300页

作者： Mayu Nagata Yuta Okada hiroshi Nishiura Kyoto University School of Public Health Yoshida-KonoeSakyoKyoto606-8601Japan

Despite the global implementation of COVID-19 mitigation measures,the disease continues to maintain *** mask wearing became one of the key measures for preventing the transmission of COVID-19 early in the pandemic period,many countries have relaxed the mandatory or recommended wearing of *** objective of the present study was to estimate the epidemiological impact of removing the mask-wearing recommendation in *** developed a model to assess the consequences of declining mask-wearing coverage after the government revoked its recommendation in February *** declining mask-wearing coverage was estimated using serial cross-sectional data,and a mathematical model was devised to determine the age-specific incidence of COVID-19 using the observed case count in Tokyo from week of October 3,2022 to October 30,*** explored model-based counterfactual scenarios to measure hypothetical situations in which the mask-wearing coverage decreases or increases relative to the observed *** results show that mask-wearing coverage declined from 97%to 69%by the week of October 30,2023,and that if the mask-wearing recommendation had continued,427 lives could have been saved in *** the mask-wearing coverage had declined to 25%of the observed level,the model suggests there might have been 1587 additional ***,revoking the mask-wearing recommendation had a substantial epidemiological *** future pandemics,our proposed approach could provide a realtime quantification of the effects of relaxing countermeasures.

关键词： COVID-19 Mask wearing recommendation Health policy Counterfactual Mathematical model

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Malnutrition Assessed Using the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index Is Associated with Preoperative Incidence of Deep Vein Thrombosis in Japanese Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第8期14卷 355-365页

作者： Taizo Kaneko Kentaro hayakawa Tsuyoshi Miyazaki Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology Tokyo Japan

Purpose: Few studies have evaluated the association between malnutrition and the risk of preoperative deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in patients undergoing primary total joint arthroplasty. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of preoperative DVT in Japanese patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and the importance of malnutrition in the risk of preoperative DVT. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 394 patients admitted for primary TKA at our institution between January 2019 and December 2023. All patients scheduled for TKA at our institution had serum D-dimer levels measured preoperatively. Lower-limb ultrasonography was examined to confirm the presence of DVT in patients with D-dimer levels ≥ 1.0 µg/mL or who were considered to be at high risk of DVT by the treating physician. Based on the results of lower-limb ultrasonography, all patients were divided into the non-DVT and DVT groups. The incidence of and risk factors for preoperative DVT were investigated, as well as the correlation of DVT with the patient’s nutritional parameters. We used two representative tools for nutritional assessment: the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and Controlling Nutritional Status Score. Results: The mean age was 77.8 ± 6.9 years. Preoperative DVT was diagnosed in 57 of the 394 (14.5%) patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age and malnutrition status, assessed using the GNRI, were independent risk factors for preoperative DVT. Conclusion: A high incidence of preoperative DVT was observed in patients who underwent TKA. Malnutrition status, as assessed using the GNRI, increased the risk of preoperative DVT. Our findings suggest that clinicians should consider these factors when tailoring preventive strategies to mitigate DVT risk in patients undergoing TKA.

关键词： Malnutrition Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index Controlling Nutritional Status Score Preoperative Deep Vein Thrombosis Total Knee Arthroplasty

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Variations of Atmospheric ELF/VLF Radio Noise Due to Seismogenic Modifications in Tropospheric Conductivity

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Open Journal of Earthquake Research 2024年第2期13卷 113-132页

作者： Masashi hayakawa Alexander P. Nickolaenko hayakawa Institute of Seismo Electromagnetics Co. Ltd. (Hi-SEM) UEC Alliance Center #521 Tokyo Japan The University of Electro-Communications (UEC) Advanced Wireless & Communications Research Center (AWCC) Chofu-shi Tokyo O.Ya. Usikov Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics National Academy of Sciences of the Ukraine Kharkov Ukraine

We suggest a possible explanation of the influence of pre-seismic activity on the registration rate of natural ELF(extremely low frequency)/VLF(very low frequency) pulses and the changes of their characteristics. The main idea is as follows. The distribution of the electric field around a thundercloud depends on the conductivity profile of the atmosphere. Quasi-static electric fields of a thundercloud decrease in those tropospheric regions where an increase of air conductivity is generated by pre-seismic activities due to emanation of radioactive gas and water into the lower atmosphere. The electric field becomes reduced in the lower troposphere, and the probability decreases of the cloud-to-ground (CG) strokes in such “contaminated” areas. Simultaneously, the electric field grows inside and above the thunderclouds, and hence, we anticipate a growth in the number of horizontal and tilted inter-cloud (or intra-cloud) (both termed as IC discharges) strokes. Spatial orientation of lightning strokes reduces vertical projection of their individual amplitudes, while the rate (median number strokes per a unit time) of discharges grows. We demonstrate that channel tilt of strokes modifies the spectral content of ELF/VLF radio noise and changes the rate of detected pulses during the earthquake preparation phase.

关键词： ELF/VLF Radio Noise Earthquake Precursor Pre-Seismic Modification Conductivity Anomaly in the Lower Atmosphere Radioactive Radon Gases CG Lightning Discharges IC Discharges Cloud-to-Ionosphere Discharge

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Caspase-11 mediated inflammasome activation in macrophages by systemic infection of *** exacerbates arthritis

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International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第3期16卷 499-514页

作者： Tokuju Okano hiroshi Ashida Noriko Komatsu Masayuki Tsukasaki Tamako Iida Marie Iwasawa Yuto Takahashi Yasuo Takeuchi Takanori Iwata Miwa Sasai Masahiro Yamamoto hiroshi Takayanagi Toshihiko Suzuki Department of Bacterial Pathogenesis Infection and Host ResponseGraduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan Department of Immunology Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan Department of Osteoimmunology Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan Department of Lifetime Oral Health Care Science Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan Department of Periodontology Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan Department of Immunoparasitology Research Institute for Microbial DiseasesOsaka UniversityOsakaJapan

Clinical studies have shown that Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans(***)is associated with aggressive periodontitis and can potentially trigger or exacerbate rheumatoid arthritis(RA).However,the mechanism is poorly ***,we show that systemic infection with *** triggers the progression of arthritis in mice anti-collagen antibody-induced arthritis(CAIA)model following IL-1βsecretion and cell infiltration in paws in a manner that is dependent on caspase-11-mediated inflammasome activation in *** administration of polymyxin B(PMB),chloroquine,and anti-CD11b antibody suppressed inflammasome activation in macrophages and arthritis in mice,suggesting that the recognition of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)in the cytosol after bacterial degradation by lysosomes and invasion via CD11b are needed to trigger arthritis following inflammasome activation in *** data reveal that the inhibition of caspase-11-mediated inflammasome activation potentiates aggravation of RA induced by infection with *** work highlights how RA can be progressed by inflammasome activation as a result of periodontitis-associated bacterial infection and discusses the mechanism of inflammasome activation in response to infection with ***.

关键词： CD11b inflam infection

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