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Improved performance of direct methanol fuel cells with the porous catalyst layer using highly-active nanofiber catalyst

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2018年第1期1卷 61-72页

作者： Yosuke Tsukagoshi hirokazu ishitobi Nobuyoshi Nakagawa Department of Environmental Engineering Science Graduate School of Science and TechnologyGunma University1-5-1TenjinchoKiryuGunma 376-8515Japan Division of Environmental Engineering Science Gunma University1-5-1TenjinchoKiryuGunma 376-8515Japan

PtRu supported on TiO2-embedded carbon nanofibers(PtRu/TECNF),which was recently reported as a highly-active catalyst for methanol oxidation,was applied to a direct methanol fuel cell(DMFC),and the power generation performance was compared to that using the commercial PtRu/*** the comparison,the effect of the catalyst loading on the power density of the DMFC was investigated using PtRu(18 wt%)/*** DMFC power density showed a maximum at about a 1.5 mg cm2 PtRu loading that corresponds to about an 80 mm layer thickness.A catalyst layer thicker than this value reduced the power density probably due to the concentration *** PtRu content in the PtRu/TECNF was then increased to 30 wt%or more to reduce the layer thickness and to increase the power *** DMFC performance was compared to that of different anode catalysts at a 1 mg cm2 PtRu *** power density was maximized using the PtRu30 wt%/TECNF,which showed a 173 mW cm2 at 353 K and had 66 mm layer thick,that was 26%higher than that of commercial PtRu/*** current–voltage curve of the DMFC with the PtRu/TECNF suggested an improved mass transport overvoltage,but a little improvement in the activation one despite using the catalyst with about a 2 times higher activity compared to that of the commercial PtRu/*** was attributed to the lower Pt utilization of the nanofiber catalyst layer.

关键词： Direct methanol fuel cell Catalyst layer structure PtRu catalyst TiO2-embedded carbon nanofiber support Methanol oxidation reaction Power density Precious metal loading Concentration overvoltage

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Increased utilization and mass activity of PtRu on reduced graphene oxide by heat treatment of its aerogel followed by composite with nanomaterials

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2023年第3期6卷 205-214页

作者： Kenta Dejima hirokazu ishitobi He Gao Mai Saito Nobuyoshi Nakagawa Graduate School of Science and Technology Gunma University1-5-1Tenjin-choKiryuGunma 376-8515Japan Division of Environmental Engineering Science Gunma University1-5-1Tenjin-choKiryuGunma 376-8515Japan Faculty of Science and Technology Gunma University1-5-1Tenjin-choKiryuGunma 376-8515Japan

The method to increase PtRu utilization and its catalytic activity of PtRu nanoparticles supported on reduced graphene oxide(RGO)by avoiding its restacking was proposed with the aim of developing an active catalyst for a direct methanol fuel *** heat treatment at 200◦C of the GO aerogel(GOA)prepared by freeze drying of GO ice was introduced to weaken the attractive force of the hydrogen bonding between the GO sheets followed by the composite with the nanoparticles,i.e.,ketjenblack(KB),TiO_(2)and Ti_(4)O_(7),at different weight *** catalyst supported on the heat-treated GOA(RGOA),PtRu/RGOA,improved the PtRu utilization to some extent and also increased the ECSA and mass activity compared to that of PtRu/*** had fewer oxygen functional groups,especially the epoxy *** to the treatment and composite,the PtRu utilization was increased from 66.5%for PtRu/RGO to 128.6%for PtRu/RGOA+Ti_(4)O_(7)(4:1)and the mass activity was improved from 50.7 A/g-PtRu for PtRu/RGO to 130.5 A/g-PtRu for PtRu/RGOA+Ti_(4)O_(7)(1:1).The Ti_(4)O_(7)nanoparticles showed the best catalytic performance for the composite suggesting that the strong interaction between Ti_(4)O_(7)and the Pt nanoparticles was effective due to its high electronic conductivity.

关键词： Reduced graphene oxide Restacking Catalyst utilization Mass activity Composite catalyst Methanol oxidation Ti4O7

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Factors Impacting Participatory Post‑Disaster Relocation and Housing Reconstruction:The Case of Tsholotsho District,Zimbabwe

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第1期15卷 58-72页

作者： Nombulelo Kitsepile Ngulube hirokazu Tatano Subhajyoti Samaddar Department of Social Informatics Graduate School of InformaticsKyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8507Japan Disaster Prevention Research Institute(DPRI) Kyoto UniversityKyoto 611-0011Japan

Relocation is not typically considered the best planning option for post-disaster reconstruction and rehabilitation,but it may be necessary if the site has suffered severe damage or is at imminent *** is a growing recognition that strong community participation is necessary in the post-disaster relocation decision-making process since relocation can have detrimental effects on a community’s livelihood,cultural system,and way of life,among ***,the realization of this still needs to be *** of yet,few studies have examined a comprehensive account of meaningful community engagement in post-disaster relocation and reconstruction,particularly in developing *** study investigated what factors influenced local communities’ participation in post-disaster relocation and reconstruction works after the 2017Cyclone Dineo flood disaster in the Tsholotsho District of *** research methods such as face-to-face interviews,observations,and focus groups were used to collect qualitative data from a purposive sample of 25 community members and 6 *** empirical investigation showed that despite the fact that the relocation project was conceived as a community-centered project,there was no meaningful community engagement,due to the absence of a participatory framework or planning guidelines for stakeholder engagement,as well as the lack of political willingness among government *** study concluded that the lack of community involvement led to local communities abandoning the reconstruction sites because relocation projects failed to accommodate the cultural beliefs,place attachments,and livelihood concerns of local *** study suggested that it is imperative to enhance the awareness of government officials and other stakeholders about the importance of community participation for the effective implementation of post-disaster relocation *** community participation can also provide avenues fo

关键词： Community rehabilitation Housing reconstruction-Participatory relocation Zimbabwe

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The chemical structures,biosynthesis,and biological activities of secondary metabolites from the culinary-medicinal mushrooms of the genus Hericium:a review

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第8期22卷 676-698页

作者： QI Jianzhao WU Jing KANG Shijie GAO Jingming hirokazu Kawagishi LIU Hongwei LIU Chengwei Key Laboratory for Enzyme and Enzyme-Like Material Engineering of Heilongjiang College of Life ScienceNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products&Chemical Biology College of Chemistry&PharmacyNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Faculty of Agriculture Shizuoka UniversityShizuoka 422-8529Japan State Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Fungal phytochemicals derived from higher fungi,particularly those from the culinary-medicinal genus Hericium,have gained significant attention in drug discovery and *** review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the chemical structures,biosynthetic pathways,biological activities,and pharmacological properties of monomeric compounds isolated from Hericium *** the past 34 years,253 metabolites have been identified from various Hericium species,including cyathane diterpenes,alkaloids,benzofurans,chromenes,phenols,pyrones,steroids,and other miscellaneous *** investigations into the biosynthesis of erinacines,a type of cyathane diterpene,have led to the discovery of novel cyathane *** research has highlighted the biological activities and pharmacological properties of Hericium-derived compounds,with particular emphasis on their neuroprotective and neurotrophic effects,immunomodulatory capabilities,anti-cancer activity,antioxidant properties,and antimicrobial *** A,in particular,has been extensively ***,transcriptomic,and proteomic analyses of Hericium species have facilitated the discovery of new compounds and provided insights into enzymatic reactions through genome *** diverse chemical structures and biological activities of Hericium compounds underpin their potential applications in medicine and as dietary *** review not only advances our understanding of Hericium compounds but also encourages further research into Hericium species within the realms of medicine,health,functional foods,and agricultural *** broad spectrum of compound types and their diverse biological activities present promising opportunities for the development of new pharmaceuticals and edible products.

关键词： Hericium Secondary metabolites Biological activity Biosynthesis

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The Development of the “Monitoring Application for Inappropriate Expressions in Nursing Records”for PsyNACS^©

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2024年第5期12卷 42-52页

作者： hirokazu Ito Yuko Yasuhara Tetsuya Tanioka Department of Nursing Institute of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima University Graduate School Tokushima Japan

Lengthening periods of hospitalization, increasing numbers of patients with age-related complications, and a shortage of nursing staff have been of great concern in medical psychiatry in Japan. Under these circumstances, countries such as Japan that face a super-aging society and a decline in the working-age population, have been recommended for use of advanced information and communications technology (ICT) to improve the efficiency of medical treatment and care. This study aims to develop the “Monitoring Application for Inappropriate Expressions in Nursing Records” for using PsyNACS©, which will enable psychiatric nursing plans to harness the advantages of ICT. The functions considered necessary are as follows: 1) identification of users who enter information;2) a necessary database for lists of inappropriate expressions;3) development of a matching function to recommend proper writing input and a warning function;and 4) a management function for an inappropriate expression list database. A demonstration experiment for developing the application in this study was conducted at a specialized psychiatric hospital. To introduce them to the application, nurses and nurse managers were informed about the system developed in this study, and a survey regarding their opinions on the functions of the application was conducted with ten nurse managers. The results were evaluated in terms of usefulness for nursing care, documentation, and the education of nurses from an ethical perspective. This study suggests that matching their input with an inappropriate expression database will allow nurses to record more appropriate expressions. From an ethical perspective, the ability to use appropriate expressions makes records more likely to withstand disclosure requests from patients and their families.

关键词： PsyNACS© Monitoring Application Inappropriate Expressions Nursing Records

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An interactive approach to investigate brightness perception of daylighting in Immersive Virtual Environments:Comparing subjective responses and quantitative metrics

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Building Simulation 2022年第1期15卷 41-68页

作者： Muhammad Hegazy Kensuke Yasufuku hirokazu Abe Graduate School of Engineering Osaka UniversityYamadaoka 2-1 Suita Osaka567-0047Japan Cybermedia Center Osaka UniversityJapan

Daylighting plays an eminent role in the performance of indoor environments and their occupants,thus necessitating the need to investigate daylight perception of potential occupants at early design *** present study introduces an interactive approach to collect and visualize brightness perception of daylighting in a large-scale immersive virtual environment using a game engine as a daylight simulation *** developed system allows users to explore building models freely at different day times set in virtual reality and report their perceptions in real *** a validation study(N=36)to investigate the consistency of brightness perceptions in a real environment and its virtual replica,a set of 24 participants were recruited to use the system to report their brightness perception in a virtual model of a daylit art museum,through snapshotting the scenes where they perceive as one of the following in terms of daylighting:(very dark,dark,bright,or very bright).Using an output of 419 snapshots,a"Perceptual Light Map"(PLM)was developed to visualize the collective brightness perception of participants as a heat *** responses were found to be positively correlated with four daylight metrics,with the highest correlation to mean luminance and the lowest to luminance *** findings of this exploratory study represent a step towards a user-oriented supplement tool to the existing quantitative daylight metrics,validating game engines’adequacy as a daylight simulation tool,and illustrating the potentials of immersion and interaction principles for the perception of daylit spaces in virtual reality.

关键词： immersive virtual environment daylighting game engine human perception mean luminance

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Shortening of alkaline DNA unwinding time does not interfere with detecting DNA damage to mouse and human spermatozoa in the comet assay

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第1期13卷 172-174页

作者： hirokazu Kusakabe Hiroyuki Tateno Department of Biological Sciences Asahikawa Medical University Asahikawa 078-8510 Japan

The comet assay was performed on mouse and human spermatozoa to examine the effect of alkaline DNA unwinding time. The spermatozoa were treated in vitrowith the DNA-damaging agents, methyl methanesulfonate （MMS） or hydrogen peroxide （Hz02）, and then embedded in agarose gel on glass sl ides. The slides were immersed in alkaline solution （〉pH 13） for 1, 5, 10 and 20 min, and then subjected to the electrophoresis under neutral conditions. In mouse spermatozoa, comet tails seen in solvent controls became brighter and longer as the alkaline DNA unwinding time increased. However, in the MMS-treated mouse spermatozoa, a smaller difference in the damage from that in the solvent control was seen with time within a dose. DNA damage induced by H2O2 could also be detected accurately after alkali treatment for 1-20 min. In human spermatozoa, DNA damage induced by MMS and H2O2 could be detected in a dose-dependent manner after alkali treatment for 1 min. The ability of the comet assay to detect DNA damage was not adversely affected by the short period （1 min） of the alkaline DNA unwinding time.

关键词： alkaline comet assay DNA unwinding human mice spermatozoa

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Deformation behaviors of magnesium alloy AZ31 sheet in cold deep drawing

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2008年第1期18卷 86-91页

作者：杨连发 MORI Ken-ichiro TSUJI hirokazu School of Electromechnical Engineering Guilin University of Electronic Technology Department of Production Systems Engineering Toyohashi University of Technology

To investigate how the popular magnesium alloy AZ31 sheet(aluminum 3%,zinc 1%)behaves in cold working,deep drawing experiments at room temperature,along with finite element(FE)simulation,were performed on the cold forming sheet of the AZ31 alloy after being annealed under various *** activities were focused on the fracture pattern,limit drawing ratio(LDR),deformation load,thickness distribution,anisotropic effect,as well as the influences of the annealing conditions and tool configuration on *** results display that punch shoulder radius instead of die clearance,has much influence on the thickness *** anisotropy is remarkable in cold working,which adversely impacts the *** fracture often happens on the side wall at an angle to axis of the deformed *** results also imply that the LDR for the material under present experimental conditions is 1.72,and annealing the material at 450 ℃ for 1 h may be preferable for the cold deep drawing.

关键词： AZ31镁合金冷压制各向异性有限元素模拟

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Expression pattern of leptin and leptin receptor (OB-R) in human gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第34期12卷 5517-5522页

作者： Makoto Ishikawa Joji Kitayama hirokazu Nagawa Department of Surgery Division of Surgical Oncology theUniversity of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8655Japan

AIM: To examine the expression of leptin and its receptor, OB-R, in normal gastric mucosa and neoplasia. METHODS: By immunohistochemical staining using specifi c antibodies, we evaluated the expression of leptin and OB-R in 207 gastric carcinomas (100 early and 107 advanced carcinomas) and analyzed their relationship with clinicopathological features. RESULTS: Both normal gastric epithelium and carci- noma cells expressed a significant level of leptin. In cases with OB-R staining, carcinoma cells showed OB-R- positive expression, but the intensity was weaker than that in normal mucosa. The expression of OB-R showed a signifi cant correlation with the level of leptin expres- sion. The expression levels of both leptin and OB-R tend- ed to increase as the depth of tumor invasion or TMN stage increased (P < 0.01). Lymph node metastasis was detected in 49.5% (47/95) of leptin-strong cases and in 50.5% (48/95) of OB-R-positive cases, and the rate was 33% (37/112) in leptin-weak cases and 17% (19/112) in OB-R-negative cases. Both venous and lymphatic inva- sion also tended to be observed frequently in positive tumors as compared with negative tumors. Interestingly, in the 96 leptin- or OB-R-positive tumors, hematogenous metastasis was detected preoperatively in 3 (3.1%) pa- tients. In contrast, none of the carcinomas that lacked expression of leptin and OB-R showed hematogenous metastasis. CONCLUSION: Overexpression of leptin and expres- sion of OB-R may play a positive role in the process of progression in gastric cancer. Functional upregulation of leptin/OB-R may have a positive role in the development and initial phase of progression in gastric cancer.

关键词： Leptin OB-R Gastric cancer

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A method for estimating the errors in many-light rendering with supersampling

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Computational Visual Media 2019年第2期5卷 151-160页

作者： hirokazu Sakai Kosuke Nabata Shinya Yasuaki Kei Iwasaki Wakayama University WakayamaWakayama640-8510Japan Dwango CG Research KADOKAWA Hongo Bldg.5245 HongoBunkyo-kuTokyo1130033Japan

In many-light rendering, a variety of visual and illumination effects, including anti-aliasing,depth of field, volumetric scattering, and subsurface scattering, are combined to create a number of virtual point lights(VPLs). This is done in order to simplify computation of the resulting illumination. Naive approaches that sum the direct illumination from many VPLs are computationally expensive;scalable methods can be computed more efficiently by clustering VPLs, and then estimating their sum by sampling a small number of VPLs. Although significant speed-up has been achieved using scalable methods, clustering leads to uncontrollable errors, resulting in noise in the rendered images. In this paper, we propose a method to improve the estimation accuracy of manylight rendering involving such visual and illumination effects. We demonstrate that our method can improve the estimation accuracy by a factor of 2.3 over the previous method.

关键词： anti-aliasing depth of field many-light rendering participating media

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