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Methane dehydroaromatization over Mo-modified H-MFI for gas to liquid catalysts

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第6期21卷 736-740页

作者： hirofumi Aritani Hiromi Shibasaki Hitoshi Orihara Atsushi Nakahira Department of Applied Chemistry Saitama Institute of Technology Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Prefecture University

For direct gas to liquid（GTL）,a novel process producing energy sources for methane dehydroaromatization is *** MoO3 on H-MFI zeolite shows the high catalytic capacity and a selective activity for dehydroaromatization of methane to benzene at 973 K in a fixed bed *** the other hand,deactivation by coke on the active sites in all the catalysts is formed during the reaction.H2 co-feed suppressed the deactivation,which is probably due to the decrease in coking *** K-edge X-ray absorption fine structure（XAFS） results showed the formation of dispersed Mo2C species with low crystallinity after *** LIII-edge XANES（X-ray absorption near-edge structure） indicated the formation of active Mo species including Mo2C and Mo-oxycarbide（MoOxCy）,where the redox state should be independent in the absence/presence of *** is concluded that Mo-oxycarbide species act as highly active species,and their stability affected the durable activity in the presence of H2.

关键词： direct gas to liquid methane dehydroaromatization Mo/H-MFI L-XANES K-XAFS

Governance and Expertise in the Teaching Profession:An Analysis of Contemporary Japanese Educational Reforms

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ECNU Review of Education 2019年第2期2卷 166-177页

作者： hirofumi Hamada University of Tsukuba

Purpose:This article examines the Japanese teaching profession’s position on current school governance reforms in Japan and the difficulties teachers are facing as the reforms ***/Approach/Methods:This article describes how a policy for developing teacher quality standards tends to suppress teacher independence while increasing the heteronomy of the teaching *** article discusses how Japan can meet its goal of ensuring“expertise in the teaching profession”by referring to the relationship between“professionalism”and“publicness”in the theories of occupational ***:Expertise in the teaching profession is based on a mixture of academic and practical *** term“educational professionals”should be interpreted to include both“researchers”and“practitioners.”A sustainable governance mechanism for the Japanese teaching profession should be built on a four-way relationship among researchers,practitioners,citizens,and government ***/Value:This study provides a critical review of a broad-reaching educational policy and proposes a new approach for restructuring the governance of the Japanese teaching profession.

关键词： Autonomy Japanese education reform shared governance teaching profession

Development of pectin nanoparticles through mechanical homogenization for dissolution enhancement of itraconazole

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2016年第3期11卷 365-375页

作者： Kanokporn Burapapadh hirofumi Takeuchi Pornsak Sriamornsak Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Faculty of Pharmacy Silpakorn University Pharmaceutical Biopolymer Group (PBiG) Faculty of Pharmacy Silpakorn University Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Engineering Gifu Pharmaceutical University

A simple method to fabricate itraconazole(ITZ)-loaded pectin nanoparticles prepared from nanoemulsion templates is described in this study. Nanoemulsions containing ITZ were prepared by a mechanical homogenization using pectin as emulsifier. After freeze-drying, the morphology, crystallinity state, thermal properties, drug dissolution and stability of the obtained pectin nanoparticles were characterized. The results demonstrated that the morphology of freeze-dried products was different, depending on the type of internal phase; the nanoparticles prepared from chloroform-based nanoemulsions were completely dried and provided a fragile characteristic. The pectin nanoparticles also demonstrated good properties in terms of redispersibility, thermal properties, drug crystallinity and dissolution. The ITZ-loaded pectin nanoparticles showed high percentage of drug dissolved(about 60–80%within 2 h), and maintained their good dissolution properties even after 1-year storage. The results suggested that freeze-dried pectin nanoparticles prepared from nanoemulsions could be used as an effective carrier for enhancement of ITZ dissolution.

关键词： Pectin Poorly water-soluble drug Itraconazole Nanoparticles Stability

Behaviors of Spherical and Nonspherical Particles in a Square Pipe Flow

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Communications in Computational Physics 2011年第5期9卷 1179-1192页

作者： Takaji Inamuro hirofumi Hayashi Masahiro Koshiyama Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics Graduate School of EngineeringKyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8501Japan Advanced Research Institute of Fluid Science and Engineering Graduate School of EngineeringKyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8501Japan

The lattice Boltzmann method(LBM)for multicomponent immiscible fluids is applied to the simulations of solid-fluid mixture flows including spherical or nonspherical particles in a square pipe at Reynolds numbers of about 100.A spherical solid particle is modeled by a droplet with strong interfacial tension and large viscosity,and consequently there is no need to track the moving solid-liquid boundary ***(discoid,flat discoid,and biconcave discoid)solid particles are made by applying artificial forces to the spherical *** is found that the spherical particle moves straightly along a stable position between the wall and the center of the pipe(the Segr´e-Silberberg effect).On the other hand,the biconcave discoid particle moves along a periodic helical path around the center of the pipe with changing its orientation,and the radius of the helical path and the polar angle of the orientation increase as the hollow of the concave becomes large.

关键词： Lattice Boltzmann method square pipe flow spherical particle biconcave discoid particle

Role of Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptor Type 1 in Lymphocyte Egress from Secondary Lymphoid Tissues and Thymus

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2006年第1期3卷 11-19页

作者： Kenji Chiba hirofumi Matsuyuki Yasuhiro Maeda Kunio Sugahara Research Laboratory Ⅲ (Immunology) Pharmaceutical Research UnitResearch and Development DivisionMitsubishi Pharma CorporationYokohamaJapan

Circulation of mature lymphocytes between blood and secondary lymphoid tissues plays a central role in the immune system. Homing of lymphocytes from blood into secondary lymphoid tissues beyond high endothelial venules is highly dependent on the interaction between the chemokines CCL19, CCL21, CXCL12, and CXCL13, and their receptors CCR7, CXCR4 and CXCR5. However, the molecular mechanism（s） of lymphocyte egress from secondary lymphoid tissues to lymph remained unclear. We have found a new class of immunomodulator, FTY720 by chemical modification of vegetative wasp-derived natural product, ISP-I （myriocin）. FTY720 has been shown to be highly effective in experimental allograft and autoimmune disease models. A striking feature of FTY720 is the induction of a marked decrease in peripheral blood lymphocytes at doses that show immunomodulating activity in these models. The reduction of circulating lymphocytes by FTY720 is caused by sequestration of lymphocytes into secondary lymphoid tissues and thymus. FTY720 is rapidly converted to （S）-enantiomer of FTY720-phosphate [（S）-FTY720-P] by sphingosine kinase 2 in vivo. （S）-FTY720-P acting as a potent agonist of S1P receptor type 1 （S1P1）, induces long-term down-regulation of S1P1 on lymphocytes, and thereby inhibits the migration of lymphocytes toward S1P. Thus, it is presumed that FTY720-induced lymphocyte sequestration is due to the inhibition of S1P/S1P1-dependent lymphocyte egress from secondary lymphoid tissues and thymus by its active metabolite （S）-FTY720-P. Throughout the analysis of the mechanism of action of FTY720, it is clarified that S1P/S1P1 interaction plays an important role for lymphocyte egress from secondary lymphoid tissues and thymus.

关键词： FTY720 SIP S1P1 immunomodulation lymphocyte egress

BIOLOGICAL NITROGEN REMOVAL FROM WASTEWATER BY DENITRIFICATION OF MIX-CULTURING FUNGI AND BACTERIA

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水生生物学报 2006年第6期30卷 671-675页

作者： TAKAYA Naoki SHOUN hirofumi Institute of Applied Biochemistry University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8572 Japan

Denitrification has been long thought to be a unique characteristic of prokaryotes, but in recent years, several filamentous fungi and yeasts were found to exhibit denitrifying activities. This paper deals with the examination of denitrification capabilities by mix-cultures of the fungus (Fusarium oxysporum) and the bacterium (Pseudomonas stutzeri TR2) in combination with a specific medium and using a synthetic wastewater of defined quality. The results revealed that P. stutzeri TR2 has strong and fast denitrifying capabilities under anaerobic conditions, and that co-denitrification of mix-cultures with F. oxysporum and P. stutzeri TR2 was more effective to remove nitrate under limited oxygen conditions. P. stutzeri TR2 was able to remove nitrate completely during cultivation for 12 hr in the specific medium and in mixed culture with F. oxysporum. A rapid N 2 evolution by mixed culture with F. oxysporum and P. stutzeri TR2 was observed in both mixed culture medium and synthetic wastewater. Using synthetic wastewater with a defined composition, about 87% of the nitrate was eliminated to form about 420μmol of N 2 from 1.0mmol of NO-3 by co-denitrification of F. oxysporum and P. stutzeri TR2 after incubation for 6days. In co-cultures of F. oxysporum and P. stutzeri TR2, N2O produced by F. oxysporum was rapidly consumed by P. stutzeri TR2. This indicated that mixed culture of F. oxysporum and P. stutzeri TR2 can be used to remove nitrate and nitrite from wastewater effectively.

关键词： Denitrification Mix-culturing Fungi Bacteria

Hepatitis B:Who should be treated?-managing patients with chronic hepatitis B during the immune-tolerant and immunoactive phases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第43期27卷 7497-7508页

作者： Miwa Kawanaka Ken Nishino hirofumi Kawamoto Ken Haruma Department of General Internal Medicine 2 General Medical CenterKawasaki Medical SchoolOkayama 700-8505Japan

New hepatitis B virus(HBV)infections are decreasing owing to improved antiviral therapy and increased HBV vaccination worldwide;however,the number of HBV infections remains a major cause of liver *** triggers cytotoxic immunity to eliminate HBV-infected ***,the HBV pathophysiology changes in persistently infected individuals depending on host immune responses and HBV DNA proliferation *** prevent liver cirrhosis and carcinogenesis caused by HBV,it is important to treat HBV infection at an early *** treatment is recommended for the immunoactive hepatitis B surface-antigen-positive and-negative phase,but not during the immune-inactive phase or immune-tolerant phase;instead,follow-up is ***,these patients should be monitored through regular blood tests to accurately diagnose the immune-inactive or-tolerant *** treatment regimen should be determined based on the age,sex,family history of liver cancer,and liver fibrosis status of *** treatment is often recommended due to various problems during the immune-tolerant *** review compares the four major international practice guidelines,including those from the Japanese Society of Hepatology,and discusses strategies for chronic hepatitis B treatment during the immune-tolerant,immune-inactive,and resolved ***,recommended hepatitis B antiviral therapy and follow-up protocols are discussed.

关键词： Hepatitis B Immune tolerance Immune-inactive Anti-viral therapy Hepatocellular carcinoma Cirrhosis

Feasibility of drug delivery to the eye’s posterior segment by topical instillation of PLGA nanoparticles

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2017年第4期12卷 394-399页

作者： Kohei Tahara Keiichi Karasawa Risako Onodera hirofumi Takeuchi Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Engineering Gifu Pharmaceutical University

We investigated the delivery of drugs to the posterior segment of the eye by non-invasive topical instillation using submicron-sized poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide)(PLGA) nanoparticles(NPs). Surface-modified PLGA NPs were developed to improve the drug delivery efficiency to the retina and were administered as topical eye drops to mice. Chitosan(CS) and glycol chitosan(GCS), which are mucoadhesive polymers, and polysorbate 80(P80) were used as surface modifiers, and have been reported to increase the association of NPs with ***-6 was used as a model drug and fluorescent marker, and after ocular administration of PLGA NP eye drops, the fluorescence intensity of coumarin-6 was observed in the retina. The fluorescence image analysis indicated that there are several possible routes to the retina and fates of PLGA NPs in ocular tissue, and that these pathways involved the corneal,non-corneal, or uveal routes. Delivery to the mouse retina segments after topical administration was increased by surface modification with CS, GCS, or P80. Surface-modified PLGA NPs are a promising method for retinal drug delivery via topical instillation.

关键词： PLGA Nanoparticles Topical instillation Retina Surface modification

Ectopic porcine spermatogenesis in murine subcutis： tissue grafting versus cell-injection methods

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2009年第3期11卷 317-323页

作者： Takeshi Watanabe hirofumi Hayashi Kaoru Kita Yoshinobu Kubota Takehiko Ogawa Department of Urology Ashigarakami Hospital Kanagawa 258-0003 Japan Department of Urology Yokohama Minami Kyousai Hospital Yokohama 236-0032 Japan Department of Urology Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine Yokohama 236-0004 Japan

Fragments of testis tissue from immature animals grow subcutaneous areas of immunodeficient mice. The same results testes of rodents are injected into the subcutis of nude mice. and develop spermatogenesis when grafted onto are obtained when dissociated cells from immature Those cells reconstitute seminiferous tubules and facilitate spermatogenesis. We compared these two methods, tissue grafting and cell-injection methods, in terms of the efficiency of spermatogenesis in the backs of three strains of immunodeficient mice, using neonatal porcine testicular tissues and cells as donor material. Nude, severe combined immunodeficient （SCID） and NOD/Shi- SCID, IL-2Rγc^null （NOG） mice were used as recipients. At 10 months after surgery, the transplants were examined histologically. Both grafting and cell-injection methods resulted in porcine spermatogenesis on the backs of recipient mice; the percentage of spermatids present in the transplants was 67% and 22%, respectively. Using the grafting method, all three strains of mice supported the same extent of spermatogenesis. As for the cell- injection method, although SCID mice were the best host for supporting reconstitution and spermatogenesis, any difference from the other strains was not signifcant. As NOG mice did not show any better results, the severity of immunodeficiency seemed to be irrelevant for supporting xeno-ectopic spermatogenesis. Our results confirmed that tubular reconstitution is applicable to porcine testicular cells. This method as well as the grafting method would be useful for studying spermatogenesis in different kinds of animals.

关键词： pigs seminiferous tubule spermatogenesis xeno-transplantation