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Long noncoding RNA: TRIMming the viral load

Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2019年第11期16卷 843-845页

作者： Akhilesh kumar himanshu kumar Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Disease Biology Department of Biological SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research BhopalBhopal By-pass roadBhauriBhopalMadhya Pradesh 462066India Laboratory of Host Defense WPI Immunology Frontier Research CenterOsaka University3-1 Yamada-okaSuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan

Viruses are obligate intracellular entities that require a living host and its machinery for *** replication,viral components known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns(PAMPs)are sensed by a family of innate immune sensors or pattern recognition receptors(PRRs)and promote an antiviral *** nucleic acids are one of the key PAMPs sensed by cytosolic RIG-I-like receptors(RLRs),Cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase(cGAS),Absent In Melanoma 2(AIM2),Interferon Gamma Inducible Protein 16(IFI16),and Z-DNA Binding Protein 1(ZBP1 or DAI)and endosome-localized Toll-like receptors(TLR3,7,8,and 9).1 Recognition of viral RNA by Retinoic acid-inducible gene I(RIG-I),Melanoma differentiation associated gene 5(MDA5),and TLR3,7,and 8 or viral DNA by TLR9,cGAS,AIM2,IFI16,and DAI triggers a cascade of signaling events to recruit transcription factors,interferon regulatory factors and NF-κ*** IRF3/7 and NF-κB translocate to the nucleus and induce expression of type I and III interferons and proinflammatory cytokines,respectively.1 The production of these interferons is further enhanced in an autocrine and paracrine manner through the JAK-STAT signaling *** I and III interferons further induce interferoninducible genes,and together with proinflammatory cytokines,they develop an antiviral *** antiviral state is characterized by by apoptosis of virally infected cells and inhibition of the cellular protein synthesis machinery,making the uninfected cells resistant to viral infection and initiates virus-specific adaptive immune responses(Fig.1a).

关键词： interferon load viral

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Balancing anti-viral innate immunity and immune homeostasis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2018年第4期15卷 408-410页

作者： Shalabh Mishra himanshu kumar Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Disease Biology Department of Biological SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research(IISER)Bhopal 462066India

Immunity against pathogenic challenge requires the engagement of pathogen origin molecular signatures by innate immune sensors that are expressed on various immune and non-immune *** microbial pathogen primarily includes various bacteria or *** sensing of viruses leads to the complex interaction of innate immune sensors,which consist of families of evolutionarily conserved germline-encoded molecules known as pathogen recognition receptors(PRRs).This family includes RIG-I-like receptors(RLRs),Toll-like receptors(TLRs),NOD-like receptors(NLRs)1 and DNA sensors(cGAS,IFI16,DAI and AIM2).2 The cytoplasmic helicases RIG-I and MDA5 are the key innate sensors that detect viral genomic RNAs.A few Toll-like receptors(TLRs),such as TLR3,TLR7,TLR8 and TLR9,are present on endocytic vesicles and are crucial for sensing nucleic acid from viruses and inducing the appropriate innate immune responses.

关键词： app signature immunity

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Enhanced auditory evoked potentials in musicians:A review of recent findings

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Journal of Otology 2016年第2期11卷 63-72页

作者： himanshu kumar Sanju Prawin kumar All India Institute of Speech and Hearing Department of Audiology All India Institute of Speech and Hearing

Auditory evoked potentials serve as an objective mode for assessment to check the functioning of the auditory system and *** has reported enhanced electrophysiological responses in musicians, which shows neuroplasticity in musicians. Various databases including Pub Med, Google, Google Scholar and Medline were searched for references related to auditory evoked potentials in musicians from 1994 till date. Different auditory evoked potentials in musicians have been summarized in the present article. The findings of various studies may support as evidences for music-induced neuroplasticity which can be used for the treatment of various clinical disorders. The search results showed enhanced auditory evoked potentials in musicians compared to non-musicians from brainstem to cortical levels. Also, the present review showed enhanced attentive and pre-attentive skills in musicians compared to non-musicians.

关键词： Neuroplasticity Auditory evoked potential Review Musicians Electrophysiological

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Pre-attentive auditory discrimination skill in Indian classical vocal musicians and non-musicians

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Journal of Otology 2016年第3期11卷 102-110页

作者： himanshu kumar Sanju Prawin kumar All India Institute of Speech and Hearing Department of Audiology All India Institute of Speech and Hearing

Objective:To test for pre-attentive auditory discrimination skills in Indian classical vocal musicians and ***:Mismatch negativity(MMN) was recorded to test for pre-attentive auditory discrimination skills with a pair of stimuli of /1000 Hz/ and/1100 Hz/,with /1000 Hz/ as the frequent stimulus and /1100 Hz/ as the infrequent ***,offset and peak latencies were the considered latency parameters,whereas peak amplitude and area under the curve were considered for amplitude *** sample:Exactly 50 participants,out of which the experimental group had 25 adult Indian classical vocal musicians and 25 age-matched non-musicians served as the control group,were included in the *** group participants had a minimum professional music experience in Indian classic vocal music of 10 ***,control group participants did not have any formal training in ***:Descriptive statistics showed better waveform morphology in the experimental group as compared to the *** showed significantly better onset latency,peak amplitude and area under the curve in the experimental group but no significant difference in the offset and peak latencies between the two ***:The present study probably points towards the enhancement of pre-attentive auditory discrimination skills in Indian classical vocal musicians compared to *** indicates that Indian classical musical training enhances pre-attentive auditory discrimination skills in musicians,leading to higher peak amplitude and a greater area under the curve compared to non-musicians.

关键词： Neuronal plasticity Event-related potentials Music

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Identification of gene classifier and modules associated with SARS-CoV-2 ARI in nasal swab

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 38-41页

作者： Pandikannan Krishnamoorthy Athira S.Raj himanshu kumar Department of Biological Sciences Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Disease BiologyIndian Institute of Science Education and Research(llSER)BhopalBhopalMP 462066India Laboratory of Host Defense WPl ImmunologyFrontier ResearchCentreOsakaUniversityOsaka 5650871Japan

During a sudden viral pandemic,where the pathogenesis and nature of the infection are unclear,early and accurate identification of the patients infected with the pandemiccausing pathogen is crucial to prevent excess *** the coronavirus disease 2019(COvID-19)pandemic,early diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome virus-2(SARS-CoV-2)is limited by the incidence of the symptoms that are shared with acute respiratory illnesses(ARl)caused by other pathogens.

关键词： acute diagnosis respiratory

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Identification of optimal composition with superior electrochemical properties along the zero Mn^(3+)line in Na_(0.75)(Mn-Al-Ni)O_(2)pseudo ternary system

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第9期96卷 206-216页

作者： Hari Narayanan Vasavan Manish Badole Samriddhi Saxena Velaga Srihari Asish kumar Das Pratiksha Gami Neha Dagar Sonia Deswal Pradeep kumar himanshu kumar Poswal Sunil kumar Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science Indian Institute of Technology IndoreSimrol 453552India High Pressure&Synchrotron Radiation Physics Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre400085 MumbaiIndia School of Physical Sciences Indian Institute of Technology MandiHimachal Pradesh 175005India Center for Electric Vehicle and Intelligent Transport Systems Indian Institute of Technology IndoreSimrol 453552India

Biphasic layered oxide cathodes,known for their superior electrochemical performance,are prime candidates for commercializing in Na-ion ***,we unveil a series of P3/P2 monophasic and biphasic Al-substituted Na_(3/4)Mn_(5-x/8)Al_(2x/8)Ni_(3-x/8)O_(2)layered oxide cathodes that lie along the‘zero Mn^(3+)line’in the Na_(3/4)(Mn-Al-Ni)O_(2)pseudo-ternary *** structural analysis showed a larger Na^(+)conduction bottleneck area in both P3 and P2 structures with a higher Al3+content,which enhanced their rate *** each composition,the P3/P2 biphasic compound with nearly equal fractions of P3 and P2 phases outperformed their monophasic counterparts in almost all electrochemical performance *** synchrotron XRD measurements obtained for the monophasic P3 and biphasic P2/P3 samples revealed the absence of the O3 phase during *** high structure stability and faster Na^(+)transport kinetics in the biphasic samples underpins the enhancement of electrochemical properties in the Al-substituted P3/P2 *** results highlight fixed oxidation state lines as a novel tool to identify and design layered oxide cathodes for Na-ion batteries in pseudo-ternary diagrams involving Jahn-Teller active cations.

关键词： Layered oxides Biphasic cathode Operando Synchrotron XRD Electrochemical behavior Cyclic performance

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Vasopressors in obstetric anesthesia: A current perspective

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2015年第1期3卷 58-64页

作者： Deb Sanjay Nag Devi Prasad Samaddar Abhishek Chatterjee himanshu kumar Ankur Dembla Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Tata Main HospitalJamshedpur 831011 India

Vasopressors are routinely used to counteract hypotension after neuraxial anesthesia in Obstetrics. The understanding of the mechanism of hypotension and the choice of vasopressor has evolved over the years to a point where phenylephrine has become the preferred vasopressor. Due to the absence of definitive evidence showing absolute clinical benefit of one over the other, especially in emergency and high-risk Cesarean sections, our choice of phenylephrine over the other vasopressors like mephentermine, metaraminol, and ephedrine is guided by indirect evidence on fetalacid-base status. This review article evaluates the present day evidence on the various vasopressors used in obstetric anesthesia today.

关键词： Vasopressor agents Obstetrics Cesarean section Hypotension Spinal anesthesia

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Word perception in noise at different channels in simulated cochlear implant listeners

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology 2016年第2期6卷 45-49页

作者： Prawin kumar himanshu kumar Sanju Sudhir kumar Varun Singh Department of Audiology All India Institute of Speech and Hearing

AIM:To find out effect of different signal-to-noise ratios(SNRs) on word perception at different number of ***: Thirty participants with normal hearing in the age range of 18-25 years(mean age 23.6 years) were involved in the study. For word perception test, there were 28 key-words embedded in sentences comprises of four lists processed for different channels(4, 8 and 32 channel) using AngelS im program at-5, 0 and +5 SNRs. The recorded stimuli were routed through audiometer connected with computer with CD player and presented in free field condition with speakers kept at 0° azimuth in a sound treated ***: Repeated measure ANOVA showed significant main effect across different SNRs at 4 channel, 8 channel and at 32 channel. Further, Bonferroni multiple pairwise comparisons shows significant differences between all the possible combinations(4, 8 and 32 channel) at +5 dB SNR, 0 dB SNR and-5 dB ***: Present study highlights the importance of more number of channels and higher signal to noise ratio for better perception of words in noise in simulated cochlear implantees.

关键词： Cochlear implants Perception Signal-tonoise ratio Speech Noise

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Assessment of rock musician’s efferent system functioning using contralateral suppression of otoacoustic emissions

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2016年第4期2卷 -页

作者： Prawin kumar Vibhu Grover Sam Publius A himanshu kumar Sanju Sachchidanand Sinha Department of Audiology All India Institute of Speech and Hearing Mysuru 6 Karnataka India Department of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology Amity Medical School Amity University Gurgaon Haryana India Department of Speech and Hearing Sri Aurobindo Institute of Medical Science Indore Madhya Pradesh India

Objective:Contralateral suppression of oto acoustic emission (OAE) is referred as activation of efferent system. Previous literature mentioned about the importance of contra-lateral suppression of OAEs as a tool to assess efferent system in different groups of popula-tion. There is dearth of literature to explore the efferent system function in experienced musicians exposed to rock music using TEOAEs and DPOAEs. Methods:Two groups of participant (14 rock musicians and 14 non-musicians) in the age range of 18e25 years were involved in the study. Contralateral suppression of TEOAEs and DPOAEs were measured using ILO (Version 6) in both groups. Results: Descriptive statistics showed higher suppression of TEOAEs and DPOAEs in rock-musicians at most of the frequencies in comparison to non-musicians. For DPOAE measures, Mann Whitney U test results revealed significantly greater DPOAE suppression only at 1 kHz and 3 kHz in rock-musicians compared to non-musicians. For within group comparison, Kruskal Wallis test results revealed there were significant difference observed across most of the fre-quencies i.e. at 1 kHz, 3 kHz and 6 kHz. For TEOAE measures, Mann Whitney U test results re-vealed that only at 2 kHz, TEOAE suppression in rock-musician was significantly greater compared to non-musicians. Similarly, Kuskal Wallis test results revealed that within group there were no significant differences observed for most of the frequencies except 2 kHz. Conclusions:Based on the above finding, present study concludes that rock musicians are hav-ing better efferent system compared to non-musicians. No suppression effect at few fre-quencies probably indicates more vulnerability at those frequencies. Contralateral suppression of DPOAE shows more significant finding in comparison to contralateral suppression of TEOAEs in present study.

关键词： Rock musicians Contralateral suppression Efferent pathway

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Current evidence on artificial intelligence in regional anesthesia

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第33期12卷 6613-6619页

作者： Bhanu Pratap Swain Deb Sanjay Nag Rishi Anand himanshu kumar Pradip kumar Ganguly Niharika Singh Department of Anaesthesiology Tata Main HospitalJamshedpur 831001India Department of Anesthesiology Manipal Tata Medical CollegeJamshedpur 831017India

The recent advancement in regional anesthesia(RA)has been largely attributed to ultrasound ***,the safety and efficiency of ultrasound-guided nerve blocks depend upon the skill and experience of the *** with adequate training,experience,and knowledge,human-related limitations such as fatigue,failure to recognize the correct anatomical structure,and unintentional needle or probe movement can hinder the overall effectiveness of *** amalgamation of artificial intelligence(AI)to RA practice has promised to override these human *** learning,an integral part of AI can improve its performance through continuous learning and experience,like the human *** enables computers to recognize images and patterns specifically useful in anatomic structure identification during the performance of *** can provide real-time guidance to clinicians by highlighting important anatomical structures on ultrasound images,and it can also assist in needle tracking and accurate deposition of local *** future of RA with AI integration appears promising,yet obstacles such as device malfunction,data privacy,regulatory barriers,and cost concerns can deter its clinical *** current mini review deliberates the current application,future direction,and barrier to the application of AI in RA practice.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Regional anesthesia Machine learning Ultrasonography Nerve block

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