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Journal of Earth Science 2016年第5期27卷 786-795页

作者： Mohamed Al-hilal ahmad Al-Ali Department of Geology the Atomic Energy Commission of Syria (AECS)

A detailed radiometric survey including soil gas radon measurements and field gammaray survey, in accordance with geochemical and geological investigations were carried out in AlNassrieh Basin（central Syria）, for the purpose of uranium exploration. Thirty-six samples were collected from various lithofacies of the survey area and analyzed by γ-ray spectrometric technique for determining the concentration values of major radioelements. The relationships between the concentrations of equivalent e U, e Th, and their ratios were examined in order to define their trend of variations and evaluate the degree of uranium remobilization and redistribution. Although the initial results indicate that uranium enrichment is mostly restricted to the Upper Cretaceous phosphate rocks, a considerable portion of uranium appeared to be leached out of the primary phosphatic source and dispersed in the adjacent recent sediments. Further, notable increases of radon level associated with relatively high values of uranium concentration and gamma count rates were found to be spatially correlated with the transition zone between the marine Paleogene and continental Neogene formations throughout the study basin. This observation demonstrates the importance of the concerned zone as a suitable geological environment for hosting probable uranium mineralization along a chemically reducing interface where surface water of terrestrial and marine origin mingled at depth and away from surficial conditions.

关键词： radiometric survey geochemistry uranium exploration AI-Nassrieh Basin Syria.

Crosstalk of liver immune cells and cell death mechanisms in different murine models of liver injury and its clinical relevance

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2017年第3期16卷 245-256页

作者： hilal ahmad Khan Muhammad Zishan ahmad Junaid Ali Khan Muhammad Imran Arshad Institute of Microbiology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan Institute of Pharmacy Physiology and Pharmacology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan Department of Pathology The University of Faisalabad (TUF) Faisalabad Pakistan

BACKGROUND： Liver inflammation or hepatitis is a result of pluripotent interactions of cell death molecules, cytokines, chemokines and the resident immune cells collectively called as microenvironment. The interplay of these inflammatory mediators and switching of immune responses during hepatotoxic, viral, drug-induced and immune cell-mediated hepatitis decide the fate of liver pathology. The present review aimed to describe the mechanisms of liver injury, its relevance to human liver pathology and insights for the future therapeutic *** SOURCES： The data of mouse hepatic models and rele- vant human liver diseases presented in this review are system- atically collected from PubMed, ScienceDirect and the Web of Science databases published in English. RESULTS： The hepatotoxic liver injury in mice induced by the metabolites of CC14, acetaminophen or alcohol represent ne- crotic cell death with activation of cytochrome pathway, for- mation of reactive oxygen species （ROS） and mitochondrial damage. The Fas or TNF-a induced apoptotic liver injury was dependent on activation of caspases, release of cytochrome c and apoptosome formation. The ConA-hepatitis demonstrat- ed the involvement of TRAIL-dependent necrotic/necroptotic cell death with activation of RIPK1/3. The a-GalCer-induced liver injury was mediated by TNF-a. The LPS-induced hepatitis involved TNF-a, Fas/FasL, and perforin/granzyme cell death pathways. The MHV3 or Poly（I：C） induced liver injury was mediated by natural killer cells and TNF-a signaling. The necrotic ischemia-reperfusion liver injury was mediated by hypoxia, ROS, and pro-inflammatory cytokines; however, necroptotic cell death was found in partial hepatectomy. The crucial role of immune ceils and cell death mediators in viral hepatitis （HBV, HCV）, drug-induced liver injury, non-alcohol- ic fatty liver disease and alcoholic liver disease in human were discussed. CONCLUSIONS： The mouse animal models of hepatitis provide a parallel appro

关键词： liver immunobiology hepatitis therapy mode of cell death

Evaluation of naproxen-induced oxidative stress, hepatotoxicity and in-vivo genotoxicity in male Wistar rats

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2018年第6期8卷 400-406页

作者： Mir hilal ahmad Mahino Fatima Mobarak Hossain Amal Chandra Mondal School of Life Sciences Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU) Interdisciplinary Brain Research Centre Faculty of Medicine Aligarh Muslim University

Naproxen(NP), a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug(NSAID), is used for the treatment of common pain, inflammation and tissue damage. Genotoxicity testing of NP is of prime importance as it represents the largest group of drugs to which humans are exposed. Not many genotoxic studies are reported on NP;therefore, the present study investigated the detailed genotoxic and oxidative stress properties of *** Wistar rats were administered NP orally at the doses of 38.91 and 65.78 mg/kg body weight for 14 days. Reduced glutathione(GSH), superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase(CAT) and lipid peroxidation(LPO) activities/levels were measured in the liver, kidney and brain tissues. The aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), alkaline phosphatase(ALP) activities, and total bilirubin(TBIL) levels were measured in the liver tissues. Micronucleus frequency(micronucleus test MNT)and DNA damage(comet assay) were performed in the bone marrow cells and leukocytes, *** results showed that NP treatment decreased the GSH levels and increased the SOD, CAT, LPO, ALT,AST, ALP and TBIL activities/levels compared to the control(p o 0.05). Results of MNT showed an increased micronucleus induction and comet assay showed a significant increase in DNA damage in the NP treated animals(p o 0.05). Treatment of NP resulted in the biochemical imbalance and induced oxidative stress that deteriorated the integrity of the cells, which caused significant damage to the genetic material and affected liver function in male Wistar rats. Therefore, NP is a potential genotoxic agent that induces genotoxicity and oxidative stress.

关键词： Genotoxicity Naproxen Wistar rat Antioxidants Oxidative stress DNA damage

Evaluation of antileishmanial,antibacterial and brine shrimp cytotoxic potential of crude methanolic extract of Herb Ocimum basilicum(Lamiacea)

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2015年第3期35卷 316-322页

作者： Imran Khan Kafeel ahmad Ali Talha Khalil Jangrez Khan Yusra Ali Khan Muhammad Shahab Saqib Muhammad Naveed Umar hilal ahmad Department of Biotechnology Quaid-i-Azam University Centre of Biotechnology and Microbiology University of Peshawar Department of Biochemistry Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad Department of Chemistry University of Malakand Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Agriculture UniversityPeshawar

OBJECTIVE:To collect and screen for ethnopharmacological properties(antileishmanial,antibacterial and brine lethality assays) of medicinal plant Ocimum basilicum from Peshawar region(34.008 latitude and 71.57 altitudes).METHODS:In the present study a general antileishmanial activity against Leishmania tropica strain was carried *** antibacterial potential of the plant was performed against 06 gram positive and 06 gram negative *** shrimp cytotoxicity assay at different concentrations were ***:The anti-promastigotes profile of the plant showed good antileishmanial activity exhibited LC_(50) value 21.67 μg/*** result for gram positive antibacterial activity revealed that the *** leaves extract possesses significant inhibitory activity at highest two concentrations ranging from20.66 ± 0.31 to 31.86 ± 0.80 for Clostridium perfringens type C and Bacillus subtitilis,respectively,as compared to the gentamycin(27.36 ± 0.55 and21.80 ± 0.72,respectively).For gram negative bacteria good activity was observed.A highest zone of inhibition was recorded for Pseudomonas aeroginosa(28.83 ± 0.28) atthe highest concentration(10 mg/mL).The LC_(50) value obtained for brine shrimp lethality assay was 91.56 μg/***:The herb basil possesses effective cidal activities which make this plant a good candidate for the isolation of antiprotozoal and antibacterial compounds which may lead to the development of novel drug.

关键词： Ocimum basilicum Cytotoxicity tests,immunologic Anti-bacterial agents Antileishmanial activity

Prognostic value of hematological parameters in older adult patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing coronary intervention:a single centre prospective study

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老年心脏病学杂志:英文版 2023年第8期20卷 596-601页

作者： Umar Hafiz Khan Murtaza Rashid Pala Imran Hafeez Afshan Shabir Amrit Dhar hilal ahmad Rather Geriatric Medicine Department of Internal MedicineSher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical SciencesSrinagarIndia Department of Internal Medicine Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical SciencesSrinagarIndia Department of Cardiology Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical SciencesSrinagarIndia Department of Internal and Pulmonary Medicine Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical SciencesSrinagarIndia

BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease is a significant contributor to the disease burden in geriatric *** systemic inflammation is thought to be the cause of age-related changes in the bone marrow and a major risk factor for *** purpose of the study was to assess the accuracy of these hematological biomarkers in predicting 30-day mortality in older patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS).METHODS This was a prospective observational study of 601 older adult patients(age>60 years)with ACS who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention over two years(2017-2019).The relationship between baseline hematological parameters and mortality was assessed during the 30-day *** regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were done to evaluate for diagnostic accuracy of various hematological *** The mean age of presentation was 77±17 *** mean neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)value was 5.07±4.90 and the mean platelet-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)value was 108.65±*** univariate analysis,total leucocyte count[odds ratio(OR)=0.85,P=0.021],hematocrit(OR=0.91,P=0.018),NLR(OR=1.10,P=0.001)and PLR(OR=1.05,P=0.001)were associated with *** receiver operating characteristic curve analysis,NLR predicted mortality with 68.1%and PLR with 65.7%*** multivariate analysis,NLR(OR=1.096,95%CI:1.006-1.15,P=0.035)was an independent predictor of 30-day *** For the risk classification of all elderly ACS patients,we highly advise using NLR rather than the total white blood cell count.

关键词： patients coronary prospective

Effective Video Summarization Approach Based on Visual Attention

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第4期71卷 1427-1442页

作者： hilal ahmad Habib Ullah Khan Sikandar Ali Syed Ijaz Ur Rahman Fazli Wahid Hizbullah Khattak Department of Computer Sciences Islamia College Peshawar KhyberPakhtunkhwaPakistan Department of Accounting and Information Systems College of Business and EconomicsQatar UniversityDoha2713Qatar Department of Information Technology The University of HaripurKhyber PakhtunkhwaPakistan Department of Information Technology Hazara University MansehraKhyber PakhtunkhwaPakistan

Video summarization is applied to reduce redundancy and developa concise representation of key frames in the video, more recently, video summaries have been used through visual attention modeling. In these schemes,the frames that stand out visually are extracted as key frames based on humanattention modeling theories. The schemes for modeling visual attention haveproven to be effective for video summaries. Nevertheless, the high cost ofcomputing in such techniques restricts their usability in everyday *** this context, we propose a method based on KFE (key frame extraction)technique, which is recommended based on an efficient and accurate visualattention model. The calculation effort is minimized by utilizing dynamicvisual highlighting based on the temporal gradient instead of the traditionaloptical flow techniques. In addition, an efficient technique using a discretecosine transformation is utilized for the static visual salience. The dynamic andstatic visual attention metrics are merged by means of a non-linear weightedfusion technique. Results of the system are compared with some existing stateof-the-art techniques for the betterment of accuracy. The experimental resultsof our proposed model indicate the efficiency and high standard in terms ofthe key frames extraction as output.

关键词： KFE video summarization visual saliency visual attention model

Antioxidative study of Cerium Oxide nanoparticle functionalised PCL-Gelatin electrospun fibers for wound healing application

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Bioactive Materials 2018年第2期3卷 201-211页

作者： hilal ahmad Rather Ria Thakore Ragini Singh Dhwani Jhala Sanjay Singh Rajesh Vasita Biomaterials&Biomimetics Laboratory School of Life SciencesCentral University of GujaratGandhinagar382030GujaratIndia Division of Biological and Life Sciences School of Arts and ScienceAhmedabad UniversityNavrangpuraAhmedabad380009GujaratIndia

Skin wound healing involves a coordinated cellular response to achieve complete *** levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in the wound environment often pose a hindrance in wound healing resulting in impaired wound healing *** oxide nanoparticles(CeNPs)have the ability to protect the cells from oxidative damage by actively scavenging the ***,matrices like nanofibers have also been explored for enhancing wound *** the current study CeNP functionalised polycaprolactone(PCL)-gelatin nanofiber(PGNPNF)mesh was fabricated by electrospinning and evaluated for its antioxidative *** angle XRD analysis of randomly oriented nanofibers revealed^2.6 times reduced crystallinity than pristine PCL which aided in rapid degradation of nanofibers and release of ***,bioactive composite made between nanoparticles and PCLgelatin maintained the fibrous morphology of PGNPNF upto 14 *** PGNPNF mesh exhibited a superoxide dismutase(SOD)mimetic activity due to the incorporated *** PGNPNF mesh enhanced proliferation of 3T3-L1 cells by^48%as confirmed by alamar blue assay and SEM micrographs of cells grown on the nanofibrous ***,the PGNPNF mesh scavenged ROS,which was measured by relative DCF intensity and fluorescence microscopy;and subsequently increased the viability and proliferation of cells by three folds as it alleviated the oxidative ***,the results of this study suggest the potential of CeNP functionalised PCL-gelatin nanofibrous mesh for wound healing applications.

关键词： Electrospinning Ce nanoparticles Antioxidative Nanofiber

Soil erosion planning using sediment yield index method in the Nun Nadi watershed,India

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2015年第2期3卷 86-96页

作者： Hasan Raja Naqvi A.S.Mohammed Abdul Athick hilal ahmad Ganaie Masood Ahsan Siddiquic Department of Geomatics Engineering(School of Engineering) Adama Science&Technology UniversityP.O.Box 1888AdamaEthiopia Department of Geography Government College for womenUdhampurIndia Department of Geography Jamia Millia Islamia(A Central University)New Delhi 110025India

The study identifies the extent of soil loss and proposes a method for prioritization of micro-watershed in the Nun Nadi *** study used the Sediment Yield Index(SYI)method,based on weighted overlays of soil,topography,rainfall erosivity and land use parameters in 24 micro *** the values and thematic layers were integrated as per the SYI model,and minimum and maximum sediment yield values were *** priority ranks as per the sediment yield values were assigned to all *** the values were classified into four priority zones according to their composite *** 14 percent area of three micro-watersheds(SW5b,SW6a and SW7b)showed very high priority;approximately 30.57 percent of the study area fell under the high priority *** areas require immediate *** methods are suggested,and the locations of check dams are proposed after considering drainage,slope and soil loss.&2015 International Research and Training Center on Erosion and Sedimentation and China Water and Power *** and Hosting by Elsevier *** is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license(http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： Check dam Prioritization Nun Nadi watershed Soil loss SYI

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上印度河盆地地质灾害易发性与风险评估

上印度河盆地地质灾害易发性与风险评估

作者： hilal ahmad 中国科学院大学(中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所)

学位级别：硕士

中巴经济走廊(CPEC)项目穿过巴基斯坦北部的喀喇昆仑高速公路(KKH),该地区是世界上最危险的地区之一。滑坡和泥石流是该地区最常见的地质灾害,每年都会造成人员伤亡和基础设施破坏。因此,本研究通过两种独立的机器学习(ML)和三种统计方... 详细信息

中巴经济走廊(CPEC)项目穿过巴基斯坦北部的喀喇昆仑高速公路(KKH),该地区是世界上最危险的地区之一。滑坡和泥石流是该地区最常见的地质灾害,每年都会造成人员伤亡和基础设施破坏。因此,本研究通过两种独立的机器学习(ML)和三种统计方法,如香农熵(SE)、逻辑回归(LR)、人工神经网络(ANN)、证据权重(Wo E)和频率比(FR)模型,对地质灾害(滑坡和泥石流)进行了评估和比较,并绘制了易感性图和风险图。为此,本文利用遥感(RS)技术,结合现场观测和历史灾害数据,编制了地质灾害(GHS)清单(如滑坡和泥石流);通过考虑坡度、距断层距离、地质、海拔、距河流距离、坡向、距公路距离、年平均降雨量、归一化植被指数(NDVI)、剖面曲率、水流功率指数(SPI)、地形见证指数(TWI)和土地覆盖(LC)等13个条件因子,分析了这些因素与灾害分布的空间关系,结果表明断层、坡度、高程、地质、LC和降雨对研究区地质灾害的发生起着关键作用;根据地面真值点和接收机工作特性(AUROC)曲线下的绘图区域,对最终的敏感性图进行了验证,AUROC曲线显示,LR、Wo E、FR和SE模型的预测成功率分别为85.30%、76.00%、74.60%和71.40%,预测准确率分别为83.10%、75.00%、73.50%和70.10%;预测成功率和预测准确率表明logistic回归模型优于其他三种模型;对模型结果进行了比较系数评估检验后发现LR和Wo E具有中等相似性,而FR和SE模型具有很强的相似性,这表明了相同的条件因子对这些模型中的影响。最后,得到该区域地质灾害极高、高、中、低敏感区分别占11.9%、9.24%、10.18%、39.14%和30.25%;而位于GHs高敏感区的地区主要包括Jijal、chilas、NPHM、Astore河谷和部分Hunza Nagar河谷。为进一步验证上述模型的合理性,本文选择Hunza-Nagar河谷进行地质灾害风险评估。最初,首先,将两种机器学习技术(LR、ANN)用于地质灾害敏感性评价。编制了地质灾害敏感性分析地质图,并利用AUROC曲线进行了分析。ROC曲线显示LR模型的成功率和预测率分别为82.69%和81.80%,而ANN模型的成功率和预测率分别为77.90%和75.40%。在上述工作的基础上,本文编制了考虑了降雨密度的洪泽-纳加尔河谷地质灾害指数图以及耦合居民点的易发性地图。通过对上述两幅地图的耦合,本文得到了浑扎那加尔河谷地质灾害风险图,并将其划分为4个等级:低37.25%(20.21km)、中5.40%(2.93km)、高9.72%(5.27km)和极高47.64%(25.84km)。利用该模型编制的地质灾害敏感性图(GHMs)和地质灾害风险图可供相关政府官员在当地使用,也可为中巴经济走廊项目的顺利实施提供理论参考。

关键词：中巴经济走廊滑坡泥石流机器学习静态方法敏感性

Assessment of Extent and Severity of Pellet Induced Abdominal Injuries, a Rare Variant of Weapon Violence: A Prospective Study

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Surgical Science 2016年第10期7卷 475-483页

作者： Azher Mushtaq Atif Naeem Raja hilal ahmad Wani Shaukat A. Jeelani Nazia hilal Ishfaq Ahmed Gilkar Government Medical College Srinagar India

Background: The use of a Pellet gun, a form of short gun used for mob control in many conflict zones, has posed a serious challenge to the surgeons in assessing the extent of trauma caused by these pellets. Objectives: To study the role of conventional available investigations for trauma like ultrasonography and computed tomography scans in assessing the severity of the injuries caused by the pellets. Methodology: 50 patients having pellet injuries predominantly in abdomen without other associated trauma were included in the study. The decision for surgery was taken on the basis of clinical and CECT (Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography) findings and these findings were then compared with intra-operative findings. Results: 30/50 patients were decided to be operated on the basis of Clinical and CECT findings. On exploration, it was observed that 18/33 patients really needed exploration while as 15/33 patients could have been managed conservatively. This was observed in next 20/50 patients who were put on conservative management with similar CECT findings. Of these 20 patients, 17 did well while as 3 were explored later in view of developing peritonitis and were found to have small bowel perforations. Conclusion: Conventional investigations for trauma like FAST and CECT abdomen are not ideal for assessing the severity of pellet induced abdominal visceral injuries which result in high rate of unnecessary laparotomies. Also the abdominal pellet trauma patients can be well managed conservatively until hemodynamically stable even though CT scan shows pellet penetration into peritoneal cavity or bowel lumen.

关键词： Pellets Bowel Perforation Laparotomy