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From single to combinatorial therapies in spinal cord injuries for structural and functional restoration

neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 660-670页

作者： Ernesto doncel-Pérez Gabriel Guízar-Sahagún Israel Grijalva-Otero Hospital nacional de Parapléjicos de Toledo Servicio de Salud de Castilla La Mancha(SESCAM)ToledoSpain Medical Research Unit for neurological diseases UMAE Hospital de EspecialidadesCentro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIIMSSCiudad de MéxicoMéxico

Spinal cord injury results in paralysis, sensory disturbances, sphincter dysfunction, and multiple systemic secondary conditions, most arising from autonomic dysregulation. All this produces profound negative psychosocial implications for affected people, their families, and their communities;the financial costs can be challenging for their families and health institutions. Treatments aimed at restoring the spinal cord after spinal cord injury, which have been tested in animal models or clinical trials, generally seek to counteract one or more of the secondary mechanisms of injury to limit the extent of the initial damage. Most published works on structural/functional restoration in acute and chronic spinal cord injury stages use a single type of treatment: a drug or trophic factor, transplant of a cell type, and implantation of a biomaterial. despite the significant benefits reported in animal models, when translating these successful therapeutic strategies to humans, the result in clinical trials has been considered of little relevance because the improvement, when present, is usually insufficient. Until now, most studies designed to promote neuroprotection or regeneration at different stages after spinal cord injury have used single treatments. Considering the occurrence of various secondary mechanisms of injury in the acute and sub-acute phases of spinal cord injury, it is reasonable to speculate that more than one therapeutic agent could be required to promote structural and functional restoration of the damaged spinal cord. Treatments that combine several therapeutic agents, targeting different mechanisms of injury, which, when used as a single therapy, have shown some benefits, allow us to assume that they will have synergistic beneficial effects. Thus, this narrative review article aims to summarize current trends in the use of strategies that combine therapeutic agents administered simultaneously or sequentially, seeking structural and functional restoratio

关键词： neural regeneration neuroprotection spinal cord injury repair spinal cord injury treatments structural restoration of spinal cord injury

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The sexually dimorphic expression of glutamate transporters and their implication in pain after spinal cord injury

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3317-3329页

作者： Jennifer M.Colón-Mercado Aranza I.Torrado-Tapias Iris K.Salgado Jose M.Santiago Samuel E.Ocasio Rivera dina P.Bracho-Rincon Luis H.Pagan Rivera Jorge d.Miranda department of Physiology University of Puerto RicoMedical Sciences CampusSan JuanPRUSA national Institutes of Health National Human Genome Research InstituteBethesdaMDUSA Universidad Central del Caribe School of MedicineBayamónPRUSA University of Puerto Rico Carolina CampusCarolinaPRUSA Institute of neurobiology San JuanPRUSA

In addition to the loss of motor function,~60% of patients develop pain after spinal cord *** cellular-molecular mechanisms are not well understood,but the data suggests that plasticity within the rostral,epicenter,and caudal penumbra of the injury site initiates a cellularmolecular interplay that acts as a rewiring mechanism leading to central neuropathic *** can lead to the formation of new connections triggering abnormal sensory *** excitatory glutamate transporters are responsible for the reuptake of extracellular glutamate which makes them a critical target to prevent neuronal hyperexcitability and *** previous studies showed a sexually dimorphic therapeutic window for spinal cord injury after treatment with the selective estrogen receptor modulator *** this study,we investigated the anti-allodynic effects of tamoxifen in male and female rats with spinal cord *** hypothesized that tamoxifen exerts anti-allodynic effects by increasing the expression of glutamate transporters,leading to reduced hyperexcitability of the secondary neuron or by decreasing aberrant *** and female rats received a moderate contusion to the thoracic spinal cord followed by subcutaneous slow-release treatment of tamoxifen or matrix pellets as a control(placebo).We used von Frey monofilaments and the“up-down method”to evaluate mechanical *** treatment decreased allodynia only in female rats with spinal cord injury revealing a sexdependent *** expression profile of glutamatergic transporters(excitatory amino acid transporter 1/glutamate aspartate transporter and excitatory amino acid transporter 2/glutamate transporter-1)revealed a sexual dimorphism in the rostral,epicenter,and caudal areas of the spinal cord with a pattern of expression primarily on *** rodents showed a significantly higher level of excitatory amino acid transporter-1 expression while male rodents showed increased

关键词： allodynia central neuropathic pain EAAT-1/GLAST EAAT-2/GLT-1 glutamate transporters selective estrogen receptor modulator sexual dimorphism spinal cord injury trauma

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displacement manifold method for type synthesis of lower-mobility parallel mechanisms

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2004年第6期47卷 641-650页

作者： LI Qinchuan HUAnG Zhen Jacques Marie hervé Center of Integration Engineering Zhejiang University of SciencesHangzhou 310033China Robotics Research Center Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China Ecole Centrale Paris France

Type synthesis of lower-mobility parallel mechanisms is a hot and frontier topic in international academic and industrial field. Based on the Lie group theory, a displacement manifold synthesis method is proposed. For all the nine kinds of lower-mobility parallel mechanisms, the mechanism displacement manifold, limb displacement manifold and the geometrical conditions which guarantee that the intersection of the limb displacement manifold is the desired mechanism displacement manifold are enumerated. Various limb kinematic chains can be obtained using the product closure of displacement subgroup. Parallel mechanisms can be constructed with these limbs while obeying the geometrical conditions. Hence, all the nine kinds of lower-mobility parallel mechanisms can be synthesized using this method. Since displacement manifold deals with finite motion, the result mechanism of synthesis have full-cycle mobility. novel architectures of lower-mobility parallel mechanisms can be obtained using this method.

关键词： lower-mobility parallel mechanisms Lie group displacement manifold type synthesis

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Artificial intelligence and liver transplantation:Looking for the best donor-recipient pairing

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic diseases International 2022年第4期21卷 347-353页

作者： Javier Briceno Rafael Calleja César hervás Unit of Liver Transplantation Department of General SurgeryHospital Universitario Reina SofíaCórdobaSpain Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research of Córdoba(IMIBIC) CórdobaSpain department of Computer Sciences and numerical Analysis Universidad de CórdobaCórdobaSpain

decision-making based on artificial intelligence(AI)methodology is increasingly present in all areas of modern *** recent years,models based on deep-learning have begun to be used in organ *** into account the huge number of factors and variables involved in donor-recipient(dR)matching,AI models may be well suited to improve organ ***-based models should provide two solutions:complement decision-making with current metrics based on logistic regression and improve their *** of classifiers could be used to address this ***,not all of them are really useful for d-R ***,in the decision to assign a given donor to a candidate in waiting list,a multitude of variables are handled,including donor,recipient,logistic and perioperative *** these last two,some of them can be inferred indirectly from the team’s previous *** groups of AI models have been used in the d-R matching:artificial neural networks(Ann)and random forest(RF).The former mimics the functional architecture of neurons,with input layers and output *** algorithms can be uni-or *** general,Anns can be used with large databases,where their generalizability is ***,they are models that are very sensitive to the quality of the databases and,in essence,they are black-box models in which all variables are ***,these models do not allow to know safely the weight of each *** the other hand,RF builds decision trees and works well with small *** addition,they can select top variables as with logistic ***,they are not useful with large databases,due to the extreme number of decision trees that they would generate,making them *** Ann and RF allow a successful donor allocation in over 80%of d-R pairing,a number much higher than that obtained with the best statistical metrics such as model for end-stage liver disease,balance of risk

关键词： donor-recipient matching Artificial intelligence deep learning Artificial neural networks Random forest Liver transplantation outcome

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Exploring multidimensional aspects of walkability:An innovative analysis approach in Besiktas,Istanbul

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2023年第6期12卷 1097-1126页

作者： Ozge Ceylin Yıldırım AslıSungur derya Gülec Ozer department of Architecture Yildiz Technical UniversityIstanbul 34349Turkey department of Architecture Istanbul Technical UniversityIstanbul 34367Turkey

This study develops a holistic approach that underlines the effect of spatial,behavioral,and perceptional dimensions on walkability at the neighborhood *** study recognizes quantitatively measured tangible factors and qualitatively assessed intangible values to evaluate the level of walkability in Besiktas,Istanbul(Turkey).The research explores the independent and combined effects of physical characteristics,individual perceptions,and walking behavior on *** Information Systems urban analyses,space syntax analysis,and observation to establish an analytical framework for spatial and behavioral dimensions of walkability in Besiktas central district are used as a ***,perceptional data is gathered through an experimental approach,which involves participants walking along pre-determined routes using cartography techniques and employing“shared walks”as a mobile *** results of study confirmed previous findings from studies that the physical,social,and typological attributes of the built environment have a significant correlation between walking behavior and the physical and social aspects of the built *** study provides a comprehensive walkability assessment framework,encompassing quantitative and qualitative *** incorporating spatial,behavioral,and perceptual dimensions,this approach provides an efficient and integrated analytical methodology for evaluating walkability,distinguishing itself with its originality in the field of walkability research.

关键词： Walkability Mixed methods Space syntax Mobile methodologies Critical cartography

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Prediction of sorption enhanced steam methane reforming products from machine learning based soft-sensor models

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Energy and AI 2020年第2期2卷 157-166页

作者： Paula nkulikiyinka Yongliang Yan Fatih Gülec Vasilije Manovic Peter T.Clough Energy and Power Theme School of WaterEnergy and EnvironmentCranfield UniversityCranfieldBedfordshireMK430ALUK Advanced Materials Research Group Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamNG72RDUK

Carbon dioxide-abated hydrogen can be synthesised via various processes,one of which is sorption enhanced steam methane reforming(SE-SMR),which produces separated streams of high purity H_(2) and CO_(2).Properties of hydrogen and the sorbent material hinder the ability to rapidly upscale SE-SMR,therefore the use of artificial intelligence models is useful in order to assist scale *** of a data driven soft-sensor model over ther-modynamic simulations,is the ability to obtain real time information dependent on actual process *** this study,two soft sensor models have been developed and used to predict and estimate variables that would otherwise be difficult direct *** artificial neural networks and the random forest models were devel-oped as soft sensor prediction *** were shown to provide good predictions for gas concentrations in the reformer and regenerator reactors of the SE-SMR process using temperature,pressure,steam to carbon ratio and sorbent to carbon ratio as input process *** models were very accurate with high R^(2) values,all above 98%.However,the random forest model was more precise in the predictions,with consistently higher R^(2) values and lower mean absolute error(0.002-0.014)compared to the neural network model(0.005-0.024).

关键词： Machine learning Artificial neural network Soft sensor Sorption enhanced steam methane reforming Calcium looping

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Treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles: a case report

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1207-1216页

作者： Pascal J.Goldschmidt-Clermont Aisha Khan George Jimsheleishvili Patricia Graham Adriana Brooks Risset Silvera Alexander J.P.Goldschmidt damien d.Pearse W.dalton dietrich Allan d.Levi James d.Guest Miller School of Medicine University of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Stem Cell Institute Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Alzady International LLC MiamiFLUSA neurological Surgery Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA

Schwann cells are essential for the maintenance and function of motor neurons,axonal networks,and the neuromuscular *** amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,where motor neuron function is progressively lost,Schwann cell function may also be ***,important signaling and potential trophic activities of Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles have been *** case report describes the treatment of a patient with advanced amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using serial intravenous infusions of allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles,marking,to our knowledge,the first instance of such *** 81-year-old male patient presented with a 1.5-year history of rapidly progressive amyotrophic lateral *** initial diagnosis,the patient underwent a combination of generic riluzole,sodium phenylbutyrate for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,and *** patient volunteered to participate in an FdA-approved single-patient expanded access treatment and received weekly intravenous infusions of allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles to potentially restore impaired Schwann cell and motor neuron *** confirmed that cultured Schwann cells obtained from the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patient via sural nerve biopsy appeared impaired(senescent)and that exposure of the patient’s Schwann cells to allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles,cultured expanded from a cadaver donor improved their growth capacity in *** a period of observation lasting 10 weeks,during which amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised and pulmonary function were regularly monitored,the patient received weekly consecutive infusions of 1.54×1012(×2),and then consecutive infusions of 7.5×1012(×6)allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles diluted in 40 mL of dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered *** of the infusions were associated with adverse events such as infusion reactions(allergic or otherwise)or

关键词： allogeneic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis exosomes infusion neuromuscular junction Schwann cell

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Combining Thermochronology and Geochronology to Constrains Orogenic Processes in the Alps and Tibet

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第S01期98卷 41-43页

作者： Philippe hervéLELOUP Antoine MERCIER GE Chenglong Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon:Terre Planètes et EnvironnementCNRSUniversitéClaude Bernard Lyon 1ENSLUJM2 rue Raphaël Dubois69622 VilleurbanneFrance Key Laboratory of deep-Earth dynamics of Ministry of natural Resources Institute of GeologyChinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China

deciphering the kinematics of deformation is key to understand the crustal *** the last decades several techniques have been developed to help constraining the timing of *** one side geochronology techniques allow the dating of a wider range of minerals with higher spatial *** the other side thermochronology,with the help of numerical simulations(PeCube,QTQt…),help to constrain the rock exhumation history that is often linked to the vertical component of *** both cases the deformation timing can accurately be discussed only together with a serious structural analysis.

关键词： timing of crustal deformation eochronology thermochronology Alpine external crystalline range Mont-Blanc Aiguilles Rouges

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Chebyshev polynomial-based Ritz method for thermal buckling and free vibration behaviors of metal foam beams

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第5期45卷 891-910页

作者： n.d.nGUYEn T.n.nGUYEn Faculty of Civil Engineering Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and EducationHo Chi Minh City 71309Viet Nam Faculty of Engineering and Technology Kien Giang UniversityChau Thanh 92000Viet Nam

This study presents the Chebyshev polynomials-based Ritz method to examine the thermal buckling and free vibration characteristics of metal foam *** analyses include three models for porosity distribution and two scenarios for thermal *** material properties are assessed under two conditions,i.e.,temperature dependence and temperature *** theoretical framework for the beams is based on the higher-order shear deformation theory,which incorporates shear deformations with higher-order *** governing equations are established from the Lagrange equations,and the beam displacement fields are approximated by the Chebyshev *** simulations are performed to evaluate the effects of thermal load,slenderness,boundary condition(BC),and porosity distribution on the buckling and vibration behaviors of metal foam *** findings highlight the significant influence of temperature-dependent(Td)material properties on metal foam beams'buckling and vibration responses.

关键词： Ritz method Chebyshev function buckling vibration metal foam beam higher-order beam theory(HOBT)

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Side channel attacks for architecture extraction of neural networks

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2021年第1期6卷 3-16页

作者： hervéChabanne Jean-Luc danger Linda Guiga Ulrich Kühne Idemia ParisFrance Télécom Paris Institut Polytechnique de ParisParisFrance

Side channel attacks(SCAs)on neural networks(nns)are particularly efficient for retrieving secret information from *** differentiate multiple types of threat scenarios regarding what kind of information is available before the attack and its purpose:recovering hyperparameters(the architecture)of the targeted nn,its weights(parameters),or its *** this survey article,we consider the most relevant attacks to extract the architecture of *** also categorize SCAs,depending on access with respect to the victim:physical,local,or *** targeting the architecture via local SCAs are most *** of today,physical access seems necessary to retrieve the weights of an *** notably describe cache attacks,which are local SCAs aiming to extract the nn's underlying *** countermeasures have emerged;these are presented at the end of the survey.

关键词： architecture networks neural

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