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A Tutorial on Federated Learning from Theory to Practice:Foundations,Software Frameworks,Exemplary Use Cases,and Selected Trends

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第4期11卷 824-850页

作者： m.Victoria Luzón Nuria Rodríguez-Barroso Alberto Argente-Garrido Daniel Jiménez-López Jose m.moyano Javier Del Ser Weiping Ding Francisco herrera Department of Software Engineering Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence(DaSCI)University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence(DaSCI)University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain Department of Communications Engineering University of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU)and also with TECNALIABasque Research&Technology Alliance(BRTA)Spain School of Information Science and Technology Nantong UniversityNantong 226019China

When data privacy is imposed as a necessity,Federated learning(FL)emerges as a relevant artificial intelligence field for developing machine learning(mL)models in a distributed and decentralized *** allows mL models to be trained on local devices without any need for centralized data transfer,thereby reducing both the exposure of sensitive data and the possibility of data interception by malicious third *** paradigm has gained momentum in the last few years,spurred by the plethora of real-world applications that have leveraged its ability to improve the efficiency of distributed learning and to accommodate numerous participants with their data *** virtue of FL,models can be learned from all such distributed data sources while preserving data *** aim of this paper is to provide a practical tutorial on FL,including a short methodology and a systematic analysis of existing software ***,our tutorial provides exemplary cases of study from three complementary perspectives:i)Foundations of FL,describing the main components of FL,from key elements to FL categories;ii)Implementation guidelines and exemplary cases of study,by systematically examining the functionalities provided by existing software frameworks for FL deployment,devising a methodology to design a FL scenario,and providing exemplary cases of study with source code for different mL approaches;and iii)Trends,shortly reviewing a non-exhaustive list of research directions that are under active investigation in the current FL *** ultimate purpose of this work is to establish itself as a referential work for researchers,developers,and data scientists willing to explore the capabilities of FL in practical applications.

关键词： Data privacy distributed machine learning federated learning software frameworks

Autoantibodies against beta cells to predict early insulin requirements in pediatric patients with clinically diagnosed type 2 diabetes

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第8期15卷 1717-1725页

作者： Jorge m molina Patricia G medina Rita A Gomez Julia R herrera Nancy L martínez Brenda Hernández Yesenia García Department of Endocrinology Children’s Hospital Federico GomezMexico 06720Mexico National medical Center"Siglo XXI" UMAE Hosp EspecialidadesUnidad Invest Med Epidemiol ClinMexican Social Security InstituteMexico 06720Mexico Research Division UMAE Hospital de EspecialidadesCentro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIMexican Institute of Social SecurityMexico 06720Mexico Epidemiology Research Unit in Endocrinology and Nutrition Federico Gómez Children’s HospitalMexico 06720Mexico Department of Endocrinology Comprehensive Health Unit for Trans PersonsMexico 11340Mexico

BACKGROUND Autoimmunity has emerged as a probable disease modifier in patients with clinically diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2Dm),that is,patients who have insulin resistance,obesity,and other cardiovascular risk factors,suggesting that the presence of glutamic acid decarboxylase(anti-GAD65),islet antigen 2(anti-IA2),and zinc transporter 8(anti-Zn8T)antibodies could have deleterious effects on beta cell function,causing failure and earlier requirement for insulin *** To evaluate anti-GAD65,anti-IA2 and anti-Zn8T as predictors of early insulin requirement in adolescents with a clinical diagnosis of *** This was a case–control study in patients with clinically diagnosed with T2Dm(68 cases and 64 controls with and without early insulin dependence respectively),male and female,aged 12–18 ***,blood pressure,glucose,insulin,C-peptide,glycated hemoglobin A1c,and lipid profiles were *** was used to measure anti-GAD65,anti-IA2,and anti-Zn8T *** statistics,Pearson'sχ2 test,Student's t test,and logistic regression was performed.Pmale),with a mean age was 15.9±1.3 years,and there was a disease evolution time of 4.49±0.88 *** presence of anti-GAD65,anti-IA2,and anti-Zn8T positivity was found in 29.5%,18.2%,and 15.9%,*** the groups by early or no insulin dependence showed that the group with insulin had a higher frequency of antibody positivity:anti-GAD65 odds ratio(OR):2.42(1.112–5.303,P=0.026);anti-IA2:OR:1.55(0.859–2.818,P=0.105);and anti-Zn8T:OR:7.32(2.039–26.279,P=0.002).CONCLUSION Anti-GAD65 positivity was high in our ***-GAD65 and anti-Zn8T positivity showed a significantly depleted beta cell reserve phenotype,leading to an increased risk of early insulin dependence.

关键词： Diabetes Obesity Adolescents Autoimmunity Beta cell Insulin requirements

Sanitary Regulation of Pharmaceutical Products in mexico （Sanitary Registration-Board Arrangement-Patent）-monoclonal Antibody Case Study

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2018年第8期6卷 772-781页

作者： Patricia Parra Cervantes Felix Lugo Trejo Ramón Soto Vázquez Alma herrera márquez Faculty of Higher Education "Zaragoza" UNAM. col. Ejército de oriente CP09230 Cd de México México

The Federal Commission for Protection against Health Risks in mexico （COFEPRIS） is responsible for the regulation and health promotion of the production, commercialization, import, export, publicity or involuntary exposure of medicines and technologies for health. For its part, the mexican Institute of Industrial Property （ImPI） is a decentralized public body with legal personality, own property and legal authority to administer the industrial property system in our country. In the year 2000, on September 19, the official journal published the linking of patents related to allopathic medicines and the sanitary registry. Objectives： To publicize the process of linking the Sanitary-Patent Registry as a case study to delimit the scope of the new pharmaceutical products. methodology： Request the information to COFEPRIS for the registration of a new pharmaceutical product; Establish flow diagrams for the registration of： innovative products, generic products, biotech products and bio similar products; Integrate the documents in the dossier of the pharmaceutical product for sanitary registration; Elaborate sworn letter of non-invasion of patents and study of patents; Submit the Health Registry; Intergovernmental consultation. Sanitary Registry Results： Search of patents in databases to elaborate state of the art, to write letter under protest to say truth that is not invading any patent, when developing a composition of cetuximab, as generic product since the patent molecule expired in 2016 and 11 patents related to compositions, preparations and finished product preparation processes. Conclusions： COFEPRIS will determine through intergovernmental consultation with the ImPI whether or not a patent is invaded, according to the case it will grant the registration or send the corresponding prevention for cetuximab, in case that invading can also be a refusal of grant.

关键词： Sanitary registration patents patent-health registration link cetuximab.

Identification and Quantification of monosaccharides in Aloe vera Gel by Acid and Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Wet Heat Treatment

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2017年第8期8卷 840-853页

作者： Dianeli madera Pina Carlos Hernán herrera méndez Lourdes Vargas y Vargas Herbert Loria Sunza Jorge Tamayo Cortez Research and Postgraduate Division Instituto Tecnológico de MéridaMéridaMexico Agroindustrial Engineering Department Campus Celaya-SalvatierraUniversidad de GuanajuatoSalvatierraMéxico

Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis miller) possesses curative and therapeutic properties attributed to the polysaccharides found in its tissue. This work aimed to study hydrolyzed (chemical and enzymatical) Aloe vera gel extracts using ultrafiltration membranes with a pore size of 0.22 micron (μm). Nine chemical treatments were achieved with H2SO4 and three wet heat treatments were carried out at a pressure of 1.2 lbf/in2 for 15 minutes;in both cases, three different concentrations of Aloe vera gel juice (AGJ) were used: 1.5%, 2.5% and 3.5% w/w. The concentrations of H2SO4 were 0.10%, 0.25% and 0.40% w/w. Chemical experiments are performed over a factorial 32 design and results were analyzed using SPSS software (version 17, SPSS Inc.), finding the one labeled T7 (15 ml of AGJ 3.5% with 15 ml of H2SO4 0.10% added) the best of them, as it leaded to 0.0446 mg/ml of liberated glucose. Among the three wet heat treatments, the one labeled TC3 (15 ml of AGJ 3.5% with 15 ml of H2O added) was the best-performing one, as it leaded to 0.292 mg/ml of liberated glucose. Furthermore, an enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out using Novozymes’ Pectinex? AR and Viscozyme?. Hydrolisis with both enzymes yield to better results than acid hydrolysis: in the treatment with Pectinex? AR, 3.282 mg/ml of liberated glucose were obtained and 3.302 mg/ml in the treatment with Viscozyme?. The hydrolyzed substances obtained by acid and enzymatic hydrolysis, as well as by wet heat treatment, were subsequently analyzed by thin layer chromatography (TLC), using glucose, galactose and arabinose 1000 ppm solutions as reference patterns. Among the treatments by H2SO4, the one labeled T4 obtained an Rf value of 50, the same as on the galactose reference pattern.

关键词： Carbohydrates Enzyme mucilage Reducing Sugars Retention Factor

Risk scores for allograft failure: Are they still useful in liver recipients from donation after circulatory death?

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第4期14卷 95-100页

作者： mohamed H mohamed Chairi mónica mogollón González Jennifer Triguero Cabrera Inmaculada Segura Jiménez maria T Villegas herrera Jesús m Villar del moral Transplant Surgery Division Department of SurgeryVirgen de las Nieves University HospitalGranada 18013AndalusiaSpain

BACKGROUND Liver grafts from donation after circulatory death(DCD)are associated with a higher risk of early graft dysfunction,determined by the warm ischemia and cold ischemia *** is essential to have precise criteria to identify this complication in order to guide therapeutic *** To validate different graft and recipient survival scores in patients undergoing liver transplantation(LT)with DCD *** A retrospective and observational unicentric study was conducted on 65 LT patients with grafts obtained from controlled DCD donors from November 2013 to November *** United Kingdom(UK)risk score,early allograft dysfunction(EAD)Olthoff score,and model for early allograft function(mEAF)score were used to evaluate the risk of graft and recipient survival *** survival analysis purposes,we used the Kaplan-meier method,and the differences between subgroups were compared using the log-rank(mantel-Cox)*** Sixty-five patients were included in the *** UK risk score did not demonstrate predictive capacity for recipient or graft ***,in donors aged over 70 years old(18.4%),it significantly predicted graft survival(Pmeier survival curves,graft survival rates at 6 months,2 years,and 5 years in the futility group dramatically decreased to 50%compared to the other groups(log-rank 8.806,PmEAF scores did not demonstrate predictive capacity for recipient or graft *** on Kaplan-meier survival curves,patients with a mEAF score≥7 had a lower graft survival rate at 6 months,2 years,and 5 years compared to patients with a lower mEAF score(log-rank 4.667,PmEAF score showed predictive capability for graft survival.

关键词： Liver transplantation Donation after circulatory death Early allograft dysfunction Risk scores Graft surviva

Extraction and Stability of Anthocyanins Present in the Skin of the Dragon Fruit (<i>Hylocereus undatus</i>)

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第12期4卷 1221-1228页

作者： maría de Lourdes Vargasy Vargas Jorge Abraham Tamayo Cortez Enrique Sauri Duch Andrés Pech Lizama Carlos Hernán herrera méndez Agroindustrial Engineering Department Campus Celaya-Salvatierra Universidad de Guanajuato Salvatierra México Research and Postgraduate Division Instituto Tecnológico de Mérida Mérida Mexico

The extraction of anthocyanins present in the skin of the dragon fruit was performed using trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) plus a mixture of methanol, acetic acid and water;the anthocyanins were then purified with a LC-18 cartridge, using methanol acidified with TFA as eluent, reaching concentrations of 44.3865 ± 1.3125 mg/100g of sample. The extracts were put through stability tests under different storage conditions, modifying the pH of the extracts (pH of 1, 4 and 6), the temperature (4℃, 25℃ and 68℃) and the absence and presence of light for a time period of 4 days;the tests indiated that anthocyanins remain more stable at a temperature of 4℃?with a pH of 4 in the absence of light, retaining up to 80% of the pigment. Three anthocyanins were partially identified in the extracts by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC);they were: cyanidin 3-O-glucoside, cyanidin 3,5 O-glucoside and pelargonidin 3,5 O-glucoside.

关键词： Anthocyanins Dragon Fruit Stability

Purification and Partial Characterization of Polyphenol Oxidase from Sapodilla Plum (<i>Achras sapota</i>)

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第7期4卷 727-734页

作者： Jorge Tamayo Cortez Carlos Hernán herrera méndez Enrique Sauri Duch maría de Lourdes Vargas y Vargas Sara Solís Pereira Agroindustrial Engineering Department Campus Celaya-Salvatierra Universidad de Guanajuato Salvatierra Mexico. Research and Postgraduate Division Instituto Tecnológico de Mérida Merida Mexico

The browning of fruits can be considered as an enzymatic oxidation which is believed to be one of the main causes of quality loss during post-harvest handling. The enzymes responsible for this are the oxidoreductases;the polyphenol oxidase (PPO) (monophenol, o-diphenol, oxygen oxidoreductase;EC 1.***.18.1) belongs to this group. This enzyme, which is found in the sapodilla plum (Achras sapota), was purified using a phenylsepharose and a SephacrylS-200 columns. The molecular weight of the purified enzyme was estimated to be about 66 kDa by gel filtration and 29 kDa by SDS-PAGE. A single protein band was found using the latter system (SDS-PAGE), which shows that the PPO of the pulp of the sapodilla plum may be composed of two protein subunits with similar molecular weight. The optimum pH was 7.0 and the optimum temperature 60℃. The most effective inhibitors tested were ascorbic acid, sodium metabisulfite and acetic acid.

关键词： Enzymatic System Oxidation Polyphenol Oxidase Browning Process Nutritional Value

Novel EPS/TiO2 Nanocomposite Prepared from Recycled Polystyrene

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materials Sciences and Applications 2013年第3期4卷 179-185页

作者： G. m. herrera-Sandoval D. B. Baez-Angarita S. N. Correa-Torres O. m. Primera-Pedrozo S. P. Hernández-Rivera Department of Chemistry University of Puerto Rico-Mayaguez Mayagüez USA School of Science and Technology Universidad Metropolitana San Juan PR.

The synthesis and characterization of a new nanocomposite material that was prepared from recycled expanded polystyrene (EPS) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) is reported here. The EPS was obtained from chemical reagent box insulation. To obtain the nanocomposite, these materials were dispersed in a solvent, mixed with TiCl4 and heated. The resulting new material was characterized with SEm, TEm, TGA, BET, Raman and IR techniques. The Raman and IR spectra provided complementary information regarding the structure of the nanocomposite. The Raman spectra were used to identify the crystalline structure of TiO2 in the nanocomposite. In contrast, the IR spectra were used to identify the organic portion of the nanocomposite. The TEm images indicated that the nanocomposites had an average particle size of 6 - 12 nm. In addition, the adsorption and photocatalytic properties of the new material were evaluated. The EPS/TiO2 nanocomposite was efficient at degrading methylene blue (mB) dye solutions under UV irradiation. Furthermore, according to thermal analysis, this material had greater polymer stability due to the incorporation of TiO2.

关键词： Nanocomposite Expanded Polystyrene TiO2 Photodegradation methylene Blue

双电极直流电弧炉——新一代超高功率直流电弧炉

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双电极直流电弧炉——新一代超高功率直流电弧炉