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Hazardous elements and amorphous nanoparticles in historical estuary coal mining area

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Geoscience f.ontiers 2019年第3期10卷 927-939页

作者： Ana L.Duarte Kátia DaBoit Marcos L.S.Oliveira Elba C.Teixeira Ismael L.Schneider Luis f.O.Silva Department of.Civil and Environmental Universidad de la Costa f.culdade Meridional IMED f.PAM-f.nda■o Estadual de Prote■o Ambiental henrique Luis Roessler

In Brazil, intense coal exploitation activities have led to environmental deterioration, including soil mortif.cation, water contamination, loss of.ecosystem, and atmospheric contamination. In addition,considerable quantities of.sulf.r-rich residues are lef. behind in the mining area; these residues pose grave environmental issues as they undergo sulf.de oxidation reactions. When sulf.r oxides come in contact with water, extreme acid leachate is produced with great proportions of.sulf.te, and hazardous elements(HEs), which are identif.ed as coal drainage(CMD). CMD is an environmental pollution challenge, particularly in countries with historic or active coal mines. To prevent CMD f.rmation or its migration, the source must be controlled; however, this may not be f.asible at many locations. In such scenarios, the mine water should be collected, treated, and discharged. In this study, data f.om 2005 to2010 was gathered on the geochemistry of.11 CMD discharges f.om ten dif.erent mines. There are several concerns and questions on the f.rmation of.nanominerals in mine acid drainage and on their reactions and interf.ces. The detailed mineralogical and geochemical data presented in this paper were derived f.om previous studies on the coal mine areas in Brazil. Oxyhydroxides, sulf.tes, and nanoparticles in these areas possibly go through structural transf.rmations depending on their size and f.rmation conditions. The geochemistry of.f.-precipitates(such as jarosite, goethite, and hematite) existent in the CMD-generating coal areas and those that could be considered as a potential source of.hazardous elements(HEs)(e.g., Cr) were also studied because these precipitates are relatively stable in extremely low pH conditions. To simplif. and improve poorly ordered iron, strontium, and aluminum phase characterization, f.eld emission scanning electron microscopy(f.-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HR-TEM), micro-Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray dif.raction(XRD) a

关键词： Brazilian coal mining Environmental impacts Minerals

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Metal-enriched nanoparticles and black carbon:A perspective f.om the Brazil railway system air pollution

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Geoscience f.ontiers 2021年第3期12卷 624-635页

作者： Bianca D.Lima Elba C.Teixeira James C.Hower Matheus S.Civeira Omar Ramírez Cheng-Xue Yang Marcos L.S.Oliveira Luis f.O.Silva Postgraduate Program in Remote Sensing and Meteorology Geosciences InstituteUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulAv.Bento Gonçalves9500Porto AlegreRS 91501–970Brazil Research Department Fundação Estadual de Proteção Ambiental Henrique Luís RoesslerAv.Borges de Medeiros261Porto AlegreRS 90020–021Brazil Center f.r Applied Energy Research University of Kentucky2540 Research Park DriveLexingtonKY 40511USA Postgraduate Program in Mines Metallurgy and MaterialsUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulAv.Bento Gonçalves9500Porto AlegreRS 91501–970Brazil f.culty of.Engineering Environmental EngineeringUniversidad Militar Nueva GranadaKm 2 CajicáZipaquiráColombia Institute of.Earth Science China University of Geosciences(Beijing)29 Xueyuan RdHaidian DistrictChina Department of.Civil and Environmental Universidad de la CostaCUCCalle 58#55-66BarranquillaAtlanticoColombia Universidad de Lima Departamento de Ingeniería civil y Arquitectura.Avenida Javier Prado Este 4600–Santiago de Surco 1503Peru

Having a better understanding of.air pollutants in railway systems is crucial to ensure a clean public *** study measured,f.r the f.rst time in Brazil,nanoparticles(NPs)and black carbon(BC)on two groundlevel platf.rms and inside trains of.the Metropolitan Area of.Porto Alegre(MAPA).An intense sampling campaign during thirteen consecutive months was carried out and the chemical composition of.NPs was examined by advanced microscopy *** results showed that highest concentrations of.the pollutants occur in colder seasons and inf.uenced by variables such as f.equency of.the trains and passenger ***,internal and external sources of.pollution at the stations were *** predominance of.NPs enriched with metals that increase oxidative stress like Cd,f.,Pb,Cr,Zn,Ni,V,Hg,Sn,and Ba both on the platf.rms and inside trains,including f.-minerals as hematite and magnetite,represents a critical risk to the health of.passengers and employees of.the *** interdisciplinary and multi-analytical study aims to provide an improved understanding of.reported adverse health ef.ects induced by railway system aerosols.

关键词： Nanoparticles Potential hazardous elements Environmental chemistry Human health Railway environment Indoor air quality

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Soil Seed Banks in Two Environments of.f.rest Restoration Post Bauxite Mining:Native Tree Plantation and Natural Regeneration

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Research in Ecology 2021年第1期3卷 1-13页

作者： Sebastião Venâncio Martins Wesley da Silva f.nseca Luiz henrique Elias Cosimo Diego Balestrin f.rest Restoration Laboratory Department of Forest EngineeringUniversidade Federal de ViçosaViçosaMinas GeraisBrazil

The objective of.this study was to compare the soil seed bank in an area under natural regeneration(f.)and another ref.rested through seedling planting(f.),seven years af.er bauxite mining,in Southeast,*** each area,10 sampling points were randomly distributed,using three samples of.topsoil to represent each *** samples were transported to a shade house and evaluated f.r six months,where emerging individuals were identif.ed every two *** similarity was evaluated with cluster analysis based on the Jaccard index(SJ).Species richness and abundance of.individuals were compared using Student's t *** f.,2,114.94 propagules m-2 were registered,belonging to 51 species and 24 botanical f.milies,Shannon-Wiener diversity index H’=2.770 and Pielou evenness index J’=*** f.,1,168.62 propagules m-2 were registered,belonging to 42 species and 22 f.milies,H’=2.618 and J’=***(SJ)between f. and f. was 0.61,indicating a high *** results showed high density of.propagules,good diversity and absence of.ecological *** high number of.individuals and diversity of.tree species with zoochoric dispersion f.und in the areas indicates that both natural regeneration and ref.restation were ef.icient in the ecological restoration of.bauxite mined areas.

关键词： Ecological restoration Bioindicators f.oristic similarity Diversityl f.rest ecology

使用能量利用效率评估豆粕对于玉米的相对能值及其对保育仔猪生长性能的影响

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猪业科学 2020年第3期37卷 18-21页

作者：何颖(编译) henrique S.Cemin Mike D.Tokach Steve S.Dritz Jason C.Woodworth Joel M.De Rouchey Robert D.Goodband 辽宁禾丰牧业股份有限公司辽宁沈阳110000 不详

试验旨在评估豆粕相对于玉米的能值,并测定提高日粮中豆粕水平对保育仔猪的影响。总计2233头猪(品种PIC337×1050),初始平均体重10.98 kg,分配到92个饲养栏中,每个饲养栏20~27头仔猪,性别混合。断奶后,所有仔猪饲喂21 d相同日粮,按完全... 详细信息

试验旨在评估豆粕相对于玉米的能值,并测定提高日粮中豆粕水平对保育仔猪的影响。总计2233头猪(品种PIC337×1050),初始平均体重10.98 kg,分配到92个饲养栏中,每个饲养栏20~27头仔猪,性别混合。断奶后,所有仔猪饲喂21 d相同日粮,按完全随机试验设计,根据体重将仔猪分为不同处理组。处理组日粮分别含21%、27%、33%、39%豆粕,并通过改变饲料氨基酸水平和玉米水平来配制平衡日粮,试验期饲喂21 d。仔猪称重并测定采食量,计算平均日增重(ADG)、平均日采食量(ADf.)、料重比(f.G)和热量效率(CE)。采用SAS的GLIMMIX程序,以随机效应和处理组作为固定因子分析数据。建立单自由度对比来检测随豆粕水平增加的线性和二次效应。对ADG有二次效应趋势(P=0.090),当豆粕水平为33%时有显著提高。随着日粮豆粕水平提高对于ADf.有降低趋势(线性,P=0.092)。随着日粮豆粕水平提高,仔猪的料重比呈提高趋势(二次,P=0.066),33%豆粕处理组仔猪的料重比最高,但39%豆粕处理组又回到对照组水平。随着豆粕水平提高,CE呈增加趋势(线性,P=0.001;二次,P=0.065)。以CE方式测定4个数据点评估豆粕能值为玉米能值的105.4%,11.78 MJ/kg净能。当去除39%豆粕处理组的CE值时(含39%豆粕水平时呈二次趋势),仅使用CE应答的线性趋势部分来计算豆粕能值为玉米能值的121.1%,净能为13.54 MJ/kg。综上,试验结果表明饲喂豆粕水平达33%时可提高ADG、f.G和CE,豆粕能值为玉米能值的105.4%~121.1%,这要比当前推荐的豆粕能值为玉米能值78%数据要高很多。该结果意义重大,因为它增加了日粮配方中豆粕的能值。

关键词：热量的能量利用效率豆粕猪

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Detection of.Helicobacter pylori resistance to clarithromycin and f.uoroquinolones in Brazil:A national survey

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World Journal of.Gastroenterology 2016年第33期22卷 7587-7594页

作者： Bruno Squarcio Sanches Gustavo Miranda Martins Karine Lima Bianca Cota Luciana Dias Moretzsohn Laercio Tenorio Ribeiro Helenice P Breyer Ismael Maguilnik Aline Bessa Maia Jof.re Rezende-f.lho Ana Carolina Meira henrique Pinto Edson Alves Ramiro Mascarenhas Raissa Passos Julia Duarte de Souza Osmar Reni Trindade Luiz Gonzaga Coelho Instituto Alf. de Gastroenterologia Hospital das ClínicasUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais Unigastro e Clínica Santa f. Hospital de Clínicas Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul f.ndacao Hospital Adriano Jorge Hospital das Clínicas Universidade Federal de Goiás Hospital Geral Roberto Santos

AIM To evaluate bacterial resistance to clarithromycin and f.uoroquinolones in Brazil using molecular *** The primary antibiotic resistance rates of.Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) were determined f.om November 2012 to March 2015 in the Southern,South-Eastern,Northern,North-Eastern,and Central-Western regions of.Brazil. f.ur hundred ninety H. pylori patients [66% f.male,mean age 43 years(range: 18-79)] who had never been previously treated f.r this inf.ction were enrolled. All patients underwent gastroscopy with antrum and corpus biopsies and molecular testing using Geno Type Helico DR(Hain Lif. Science,Germany). This test was perf.rmed to detect the presence of.H. pylori and to identif. point mutations in the genes responsible f.r clarithromycin and f.uoroquinolone resistance. The molecular procedure was divided into three steps: DNA extraction f.om the biopsies,multiplex amplif.cation,and reverse hybridization. RESULTS Clarithromycin resistance was f.und in 83(16.9%) patients,and f.uoroquinolone resistance was f.und in 66(13.5%) patients. There was no statistical dif.erence in resistance to either clarithromycin or f.uoroquinolones(P = 0.55 and P = 0.06,respectively) among the dif.erent regions of.Brazil. Dual resistance to clarithromycin and f.uoroquinolones was f.und in 4.3%(21/490) of.patients. The A2147 G mutation was present in 90.4%(75/83),A2146 G in 16.9%(14/83) and A2146 C in 3.6%(3/83) of.clarithromycin-resistant patients. In 10.8%(9/83) of.clarithromycin-resistant samples,more than 01 mutation in the 23 S r RNA gene was noticed. In f.uoroquinolone-resistant samples,37.9%(25/66) showed mutations not specif.ed by the Geno Type Helico DR test. D91 N mutation was observed in 34.8%(23/66),D91 G in 18.1%(12/66),N87 K in 16.6%(11/66) and D91 Y in 13.6%(9/66) of.cases. Among f.uoroquinolone-resistant samples,37.9%(25/66) showed mutations not specif.ed by the Geno Type Helico DR test. CONCLUSION The H. pylori clarithromycin resistance rate in Brazil is

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Microbial drug resistance Clarithromycin f.uoroquinolones Molecular diagnostic techniques

Adaptability, Stability and Multivariate Selection by Mixed Models

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American Journal of.Plant Sciences 2017年第13期8卷 3324-3337页

作者： Alan Junior de Pelegrin Ivan Ricardo Carvalho Andrei Caíque Pires Nunes Gustavo henrique Demari Vinicíus Jardel Szareski Mauricio Horbach Barbosa Tiago Corazza da Rosa Mauricio f.rrari Maicon Nardino Osmarino Pires dos Santos Marcos Deon Vilela de Resende Velci Queiróz de Souza Antonio Costa de Oliveira Luciano Carlos da Maia f.deral University of.Pelotas Center of Genomics and Plant Breeding Avenida Eliseu Maciel Capao do Leao Brazil f.deral University of.Vicosa Center of Exact and Technological Sciences Vicosa Brazil f.deral University of.Santa Maria Frederico Westphalen Campus Frederico Westphalen Brazil f.deral University of.Pampa Campus Dom Pedrito Bagé Brazil

The aim of.this work was to estimate the adaptability and stability of.grain yield per hectare and percentage of.crude protein of.maize grains combined in an index, and to establish a multicharacter selection through mixed models based on an objective character and 15 auxiliary traits. The trials were conducted in the 2013/2014 agricultural year in f.ur growing environments of.the Rio Grande do Sul, BR state. The experimental design was randomized blocks arranged in a f.ctorial scheme, being f.ur growing sites × 15 single cross maize hybrids, arranged in three repetitions. The genotypic index, composed by the grain yield and the crude protein percentage in the grains, is the best selection strategy to achieve maize superior genotypes. The multivariate genotypes selection, considering grain yield and crude protein, is ef.icient. The genotypes f.RMULA TL®, AS1656PRO®, P30f.3Hx®, LG6304YG®and 30f.3 are more adapted and stable f.r grain yield and percentage of.crude protein, in the conditions of.this study. The mixed models were ef.icient to employ the multicharacter selection and to contribute f.r maize genetic breeding.

关键词： Plant Breeding Zea mays L. Phenotypic Index Genetic Parameters Multicharacter

奶牛泌乳中后期饲粮中部分添加黑麦牧草对肠道甲烷排放量及产奶性能的影响

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饲料博览 2016年第6期 54-54页

作者： Aline C D Jo?o G R A Paulo C f.C Jean V S henrique M N R

奶牛全混合日粮（TMR）饲喂过程中适量放牧可减少饲料成本,有利于奶牛群体健康,减少对环境的影响。试验旨在通过黑麦牧草草地放牧饲喂结合饲喂TMR对产奶中期到后期肠道甲烷排放量、干物质摄入量（DMI）及泌乳性能的影响。试验组包括100%... 详细信息

奶牛全混合日粮（TMR）饲喂过程中适量放牧可减少饲料成本,有利于奶牛群体健康,减少对环境的影响。试验旨在通过黑麦牧草草地放牧饲喂结合饲喂TMR对产奶中期到后期肠道甲烷排放量、干物质摄入量（DMI）及泌乳性能的影响。试验组包括100%TMR饲喂组（空白组）,部分TMR+6 h连续放牧啃食（9:00～15:00）,和部分TMR+2个3 h挤奶后间断放牧啃食（9:00～12:00;15:30～18:30）。试验选取12头奶牛（荷斯坦奶牛与泽西种乳牛杂交f.代;132±44 DMI）,分成6组,平均分配到3×3拉丁方阵中,试验共21 d,包括15 d试验期,6 d统计期。采用黑麦草牧场,TMR配方为玉米青贮80%、豆粕18%、微量元素和维生素2%,各组分均基于干物质基础计算,各奶牛牧场相同。所有奶牛的DMI、产奶量和4%标准乳含量相近,间断放牧组的DMI为7.4 kg·d-1,高于连续放牧组的6.0 kg·d-1。间断放牧组奶牛采食时间比连续放牧组高40 min·d-1。空白组的奶牛肠道甲烷排放量为656 g·d-1,高于放牧组547·d-1。饲喂过程中,早晨和傍晚挤奶后各增加放牧时间能维持奶牛生产性能,减少肠道甲烷排放。

关键词：奶牛放牧甲烷牧草干物质摄入

Plant Biosystems Design Research Roadmap 1.0

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BioDesign Research 2020年第1期2020卷 53-90页

作者： Xiaohan Yang June I.Medf.rd Kasey Markel Patrick M.Shih henrique C.De Paoli Cong T.Trinh Alistair J.McCormick Raphael Ployet Steven G.Hussey Alexander A.Myburg Poul Erik Jensen Md Mahmudul Hassan Jin Zhang Wellington Muchero Udaya C.Kalluri Hengf. Yin Renying Zhuo Paul E.Abraham Jin-Gui Chen David J.Weston Yinong Yang Degao Liu Yi Li Jessy Labbe Bing Yang Jun Hyung Lee Robert W.Cottingham Stanton Martin Mengzhu Lu Timothy J.Tschaplinski Guoliang Yuan Haiwei Lu Priya Ranjan Julie C.Mitchell Stan D.Wullschleger Gerald A.Tuskan Biosciences Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA The Center f.r Bioenergy Innovation Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA Department of.Biology Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA Department of.Plant Biology University of CaliforniaDavisDavisCAUSA f.edstocks Division Joint BioEnergy InstituteEmeryvilleCAUSA Department of.Biodesign Biological Systems and Engineering DivisionLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCAUSA Department of.Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA SynthSys and Institute of.Molecular Plant Sciences School of Biological SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburgh EH93BFUK Department of.Biochemistry Genetics and MicrobiologyForestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute(FABI)University of PretoriaPretoria 0002South Africa Department of.f.od Science University of CopenhagenRolighedsvej 26DK-1858FrederiksbergCopenhagenDenmark State Key Laboratory of.Subtropical Silviculture School of Forestry and BiotechnologyZhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 311300China State Key Laboratory of.Tree Genetics and Breeding Research Institute of Subtropical ForestryChinese Academy of ForestryHangzhouZhejiang 311400China Department of.Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology and the Huck Institute of.the Lif. Sciences The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Department of.Genetics Cell Biology and DevelopmentCenter for Precision Plant Genomics and Center for Genome EngineeringUniversity of MinnesotaSaint PaulMN 55108USA Department of.Plant Science and Landscape Architecture University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA Division of.Plant Sciences Bond Life Sciences CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMOUSA Donald Danf.rth Plant Science Center St.LouisMOUSA Environmental Sciences Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA

Human lif. intimately depends on plants f.r f.od,biomaterials,health,energy,and a sustainable *** plants have been genetically improved mostly through breeding,along with limited modif.cation via genetic engineering,yet they are still not able to meet the ever-increasing needs,in terms of.both quantity and quality,resulting f.om the rapid increase in world population and expected standards of.living.A step change that may address these challenges would be to expand the potential of.plants using biosystems design *** represents a shif. in plant science research f.om relatively simple trial-and-error approaches to innovative strategies based on predictive models of.biological *** biosystems design seeks to accelerate plant genetic improvement using genome editing and genetic circuit engineering or create novel plant systems through de novo synthesis of.plant *** this perspective,we present a comprehensive roadmap of.plant biosystems design covering theories,principles,and technical methods,along with potential applications in basic and applied plant biology *** highlight current challenges,f.ture opportunities,and research priorities,along with a f.amework f.r international collaboration,towards rapid advancement of.this emerging interdisciplinary area of.***,we discuss the importance of.social responsibility in utilizing plant biosystems design and suggest strategies f.r improving public perception,trust,and acceptance.

关键词： Plant utilizing breeding