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挪威海底公路隧道经验——施工、运行、费用和维护(英文)

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岩石力学与工程学报 2007年第11期26卷 2226-2235页

作者： henning Jan Eirik MELBY Karl фVSTEDAL Erik AMUNDSEN Finn H RANES Guro 挪威公路管理局

根据2002年关于挪威海底公路隧道的一论文集(挪威公路管理局公路技术部编辑,题目为"论文集98——挪威海底公路隧道",将详细阐述挪威海底隧道的施工建造等经验。挪威第一条海底公路隧道是在1983年通车的,随后建成了另外24条海底公路隧道... 详细信息

根据2002年关于挪威海底公路隧道的一论文集(挪威公路管理局公路技术部编辑,题目为"论文集98——挪威海底公路隧道",将详细阐述挪威海底隧道的施工建造等经验。挪威第一条海底公路隧道是在1983年通车的,随后建成了另外24条海底公路隧道,至今共有25条海底公路隧道建成通车,总长度达100km。几条新的海底公路隧道目前正在建设中,还有几条则在规划当中,其中最长将达24km。大多数条海底公路隧道是单洞双线,但是当坡度大于6%时,有些隧道就增加一条线。海底公路隧道都位于沿海岸线的干线公路上,以代替原有的繁忙的轮渡,并建立大陆与当地之间的无轮渡连接。据此,主要介绍这些隧道工程中得到的经验,总的来说,海底公路隧道的建设费用逐渐降低,但是各工程间差异很大,各个隧道的运行和维护的费用也相差悬殊,再投资和设备花费也特别高。经验表明,随着渗水量逐年减少,因而抽出渗透水的要求也降低了。介绍了1996年前17条海底隧道中发生的事故和火灾,对19起造成人身伤害的事故进行了分析。其事故发生率极低,只有0.09(每年每一百万车辆每公里发生的事故次数),最高的事发率是在陡坡的年平均日通车量(AADT)低于1500的隧道中。挪威海底隧道中只发生过3起火灾事故,低于交通事故率10%,而这项研究只包括了17条隧道中发生的19起事故。

关键词：海底隧道施工运行维护费用

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丹麦农业与食品产业合作社

世界农业 2015年第4期 116-123页

作者： henning Otte Hansen 远铜哥本哈根大学食品与资源经济系农业部农业贸易促进中心北京100125

合作社模式在许多国家的食品行业中起到了很重要的作用。合作社与公司的不同之处在于,合作社的所有者和使用者是一样的。在食品行业中,尤其是在牛奶厂、屠宰场、贸易公司和供应商中,合作社是非常普遍的企业形式。尽管合作社是基于特定... 详细信息

合作社模式在许多国家的食品行业中起到了很重要的作用。合作社与公司的不同之处在于,合作社的所有者和使用者是一样的。在食品行业中,尤其是在牛奶厂、屠宰场、贸易公司和供应商中,合作社是非常普遍的企业形式。尽管合作社是基于特定原则建立的,且与公司相比在基础上和结构上有差异,合作社从根本上说还是以贸易为导向的。合作社的目标就像其他类别的公司的目标一样——持续为所有者创造利润。数十年来,丹麦农业和农业贸易一直以合作社占有大量市场份额和强大的国际竞争力为显著特征。合作社成功地增强了市场力量,促进了农产品的销售。通过向合作社提供农产品,并由合作社统一销售的方式,农民的市场地位得到了改善,管理国际市场也变得容易了。

关键词：丹麦产业合作社

Changes of smooth muscle contractile filaments in small bowel atresia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第24期18卷 3099-3104页

作者： Stefan Gfroerer henning Fiegel Priya Ramachandran Udo Rolle Roman Metzger Department of Paediatric Surgery Goethe-University Frankfurt60590 FrankfurtGermany Kanchi Kamakoti Childs Trust Hospital Chennai 600034India Department of Paediatric Surgery University of Leipzig04317 LeipzigGermany

AIM:To investigate morphological changes of intestinal smooth muscle contractile fibres in small bowel atresia ***:Resected small bowel specimens from small bowel atresia patients(n = 12) were divided into three sections(proximal,atretic and distal).Standard histology hematoxylin-eosin staining and enzyme immunohistochemistry was performed to visualize smooth muscle contractile markers-smooth muscle actin(SMA) and desmin using conventional paraffin sections of the proximal and distal *** bowel from agematched patients(n = 2) undergoing Meckel's diverticulum resection served as ***:The smooth muscle coat in the proximal bowel of small bowel atresia patients was thickened compared with control tissue,but the distal bowel was *** of smooth muscle contractile fibres SMA and desmin within the proximal bowel was slightly reduced compared with the distal bowel and control *** were no major differences in the architecture of the smooth muscle within the proximal bowel and the distal *** proximal and distal bowel in small bowel atresia patients revealed only minimal differences regarding smooth muscle morphology and the presence of smooth muscle contractile filament ***:Changes in smooth muscle contractile filaments do not appear to play a major role in postoperative motility disorders in small bowel atresia.

关键词： Small bowel atresia Enteric nervous sys-tem Smooth muscle Motility disorder

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多区域湍流燃烧大涡模拟

推进技术 2016年第2期37卷 324-331页

作者：赵庆良张飞驰张琳 henning Bockhorn 许伟刚柳林常州大学机械工程学院江苏常州213016 Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

为了提高湍流大涡模拟方法在计算复杂工业燃烧设备中反应流体的效率和精度,提出了可以对结构复杂燃烧设备喷嘴内部无反应区域只求解基本流体控制方程,对喷嘴下游燃料反应区域加入燃烧模型进行分区域计算的多区域求解方法,并采用该方法... 详细信息

为了提高湍流大涡模拟方法在计算复杂工业燃烧设备中反应流体的效率和精度,提出了可以对结构复杂燃烧设备喷嘴内部无反应区域只求解基本流体控制方程,对喷嘴下游燃料反应区域加入燃烧模型进行分区域计算的多区域求解方法,并采用该方法和传统单区域求解方法分别对甲烷-空气预混合湍流燃烧进行大涡模拟.研究结果表明：多区域和单区域求解方法计算所得的轴向和径向时均速度、脉动速度以及OH质量分数一致;不过,多区域求解方法在计算速度上有明显优势,当CPU数量不超过64个时,计算速度可提升14.7%~20.6%;多区域和单区域方法的数值模拟结果与实验值进行了对比,三者吻合较好.

关键词：有限体积法湍流燃烧数值模拟亚网格尺度模型多区域求解方法并行计算

Ultrasonic distance sensors-An overview and trends

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电子测量与仪器学报 2011年第7期25卷 577-581页

作者： Bernd henning Andreas Schrder University of Paderborn EIM-EMeasurement Engineering GroupWarburger Straβe 10033098 PaderbornGermany

Nowadays ultrasonic distance sensors are widely used in automobiles,robotics and in industrial *** functional principles of usable transducers for airborne ultrasonic distance measurements are *** every sensor principle,ultrasonic distance sensors have pros and cons which lead to some problems and challenges de-scribed *** the main challenges(crosstalk and blind zone) some trends and solutions are presented.

关键词：摘要编辑部编辑工作读者作者

Controlled Release of Construction Chemicals by Encapsulation

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Journal of Encapsulation and Adsorption Sciences 2016年第1期6卷 9-21页

作者： henning von Daake Thomas Ballweg Dietmar Stephan Building Materials and Construction Chemistry Technische Universitat Berlin Berlin Germany Fraunhofer-Institute for Silicate Reasearch ISC Würzburg Germany

Encapsulation and controlled release of active agents is a common practice to improve processing and properties of materials and final products in different industries. Today, a large variety of chemical admixtures are used in construction materials, the performance of which could be improved by a better dosage control. This work presents investigations on the controlled release of encapsulated construction chemicals for future applications in construction materials. The high shear mixing technology was used to produce matrix based encapsulations by agglomeration applied to commercially available construction materials. The agglomeration process was varied by the use of different agitator types, the variation of the agitator speed and the application of additional coating materials. The particle size distribution as well as the particle shape of the produced agglomerates was analyzed by automatic image evolution and scanning electron microscopy. The release behavior of the capsules in aqueous solutions was investigated by UV spectroscopy. The obtained results confirmed a theoretical model for the encapsulation and release of admixtures, which was derived from pharmaceutical drug release concepts and adapted to construction materials. The results indicate that the matrix based encapsulation is a promising technique for future applications in the field of construction materials.

关键词： Construction Chemicals Controlled Release Encapsulation High Shear Agglomeration

Purinergic Receptors in Basal Ganglia Diseases:Shared Molecular Mechanisms between Huntington’s and Parkinson’s Disease

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2020年第11期36卷 1299-1314页

作者： Talita Glaser Roberta Andrejew Agatha Oliveira-Giacomelli Deidiane Elisa Ribeiro Lucas Bonfim Marques Qing Ye Wen-Jing Ren Alexey Semyanov Peter Illes Yong Tang henning Ulrich Department of Biochemistry Institute of ChemistryUniversity of Sao PauloAv.Prof.Lineu Prestes 74&Sao PauloSP 05508-000Brazil Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Acupuncture and Chronobiology Chengdu 610075China Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow 117997Russia Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University Moscow 119992Russia Rudolf-Boehm-Institut ftir Pharmakologie und Toxikologie Universitat LeipzigLeipzig 04107Germany International Collaborative Centre on Big Science Plan for Purine Signaling Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 610075China

Huntington’s(HD)and Parkinson’s diseases(PD)are neurodegenerative disorders caused by the death of GABAergic and dopaminergic neurons in the basal ganglia leading to hyperkinetic and hypokinetic symptoms,*** review here the participation of purinergic receptors through intracellular Ca^2+signaling in these neurodegenerative *** adenosine A2A receptor stimulates striatopallidal GABAergic neurons,resulting in inhibitory actions on GABAergic neurons of the globus pallidus.A2A and dopamine D2 receptors form functional heteromeric complexes inducing allosteric inhibition,and A2A receptor activation results in motor ***,the A2A receptor physically and functionally interacts with glutamate receptors,mainly with the mGlu5 receptor *** interaction facilitates glutamate release,resulting in NMDA glutamate receptor activation and an increase of Ca2+influx.P2X7 receptor activation also promotes glutamate release and neuronal ***,modulation of purinergic receptor activity,such as A2A and P2X7 receptors,and subsequent aberrant Ca^2+signaling,might present interesting therapeutic potential for HD and PD.

关键词： Purinergic receptor Central nervous system Huntington’s disease Parkinson’s disease 6-hydroxydopamine

A concept for multiterawatt fibre lasers based on coherent pulse stacking in passive cavities

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Light(Science & Applications) 2014年第1期3卷 62-68页

作者： Sven Breitkopf Tino Eidam Arno Klenke Lorenz von Grafenstein henning Carstens Simon Holzberger Ernst Fill Thomas Schreiber Ferenc Krausz Andreas Tunnermann Ioachim Pupeza Jens Limpert Institute of Applied Physics Abbe Center of PhotonicsFriedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena07745 JenaGermany Helmholtz Institute Jena 07743 JenaGermany Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics 85748 GarchingGermany Ludwig Maximilians University Munchen Department of Physics85748 GarchingGermany Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering 07745 JenaGermany

Since the advent of femtosecond lasers,performance improvements have constantly impacted on existing applications and enabled novel ***,one performance feature bearing the potential of a quantum leap for high-field applications is still not available:the simultaneous emission of extremely high peak and average *** applications such as laser particle acceleration require exactly this performance regime and,therefore,challenge laser technology at *** the one hand,canonical bulk systems can provide pulse peak powers in the multi-terawatt to petawatt range,while on the other hand,advanced solid-state-laser concepts such as the thin disk,slab or fibre are well known for their high efficiency and their ability to emit high average powers in the kilowatt range with excellent beam *** this contribution,a compact laser system capable of simultaneously providing high peak and average powers with high wall-plug efficiency is proposed and *** concept is based on the temporal coherent combination(pulse stacking)of a pulse train emitted from a high-repetition-rate femtosecond laser system in a passive enhancement ***,the pulse energy is increased at the cost of the repetition rate while almost preserving the average *** concept relies on a fast switching element for dumping the enhanced pulse out of the *** switch constitutes the key challenge of our *** this challenge could,for the first time,allow the highly efficient dumping of joule-class pulses at megawatt average power levels and lead to unprecedented laser parameters.

关键词： cavity dumping cavity enhancement coherent pulse addition high average power and high peak power ultrafast lasers

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氧化铜薄膜的制备及其催化燃烧应用

工程热物理学报 2014年第3期35卷 598-603页

作者：田振玉 VIEKER henning GLZHUSER Armin KOHSE-HINGHAUS Katharina Department of Chemistry Bielefeld University 中国科学院工程热物理研究所北京100190 Department of Physics Bielefeld University

本文将单相CuO薄膜用于丙烯的催化燃烧。利用脉冲喷雾热蒸发化学气相沉积（PSE—CVD）制备了CuO薄膜。对沉积条件进行了优化，并对所得薄膜的物相、表面形态和光学性质进行了表征。结果表明400℃、4Hz和7ms条件下能获得最快的生长速率... 详细信息

本文将单相CuO薄膜用于丙烯的催化燃烧。利用脉冲喷雾热蒸发化学气相沉积（PSE—CVD）制备了CuO薄膜。对沉积条件进行了优化，并对所得薄膜的物相、表面形态和光学性质进行了表征。结果表明400℃、4Hz和7ms条件下能获得最快的生长速率。所得薄膜为单相CuO结构，其光学能隙为1．8—1．86eV。催化特性测试表明氧化铜薄膜可以在很低的温度下完全燃烧丙烯，其催化性能可与贵金属相比。因此，氧化铜在挥发性有机化合物的催化燃烧中具有很强的应用前景。

关键词：催化燃烧挥发性有机化合物氧化铜氧化还原性