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Rhizobium Lipo-chitooligosaccharide Signaling Triggers Accumulation of Cytokinins in Medicago truncatula Roots

Molecular Plant 2015年第8期8卷 1213-1226页

作者： Arjan van Zeijl Rik H.M. Op den Camp Eva E. Deinum Tatsiana Charnikhova henk franssen Huub J.M. Op den Camp Harro Bouwmeester Wouter Kohlen Ton Bisseling Rene Geurts Department of Plant Sciences Laboratory of Molecular Biology Wageningen University Droevendaalsesteeg 16708 PB Wageningen The Netherlands Department of Systems Biophysics FOM institute AMOLF Science Park 104 1098 XG Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Plant Sciences Laboratory of Plant Physiology Wageningen University Droevendaalsesteeg 1 6708 PB Wageningen The Netherlands Department of Microbiology IWWR Radboud University Nijmegen Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands College of Science King Saud University Post Office Box 2455 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia

Legume rhizobium symbiosis is initiated upon perception of bacterial secreted lipo-chitooligosaccharides （LCOs）. Perception of these signals by the plant initiates a signaling cascade that leads to nodule formation. Several studies have implicated a function for cytokinin in this process. However, whether cytokinin accu- mulation and subsequent signaling are an integral part of rhizobium LCO signaling remains elusive. Here, we show that cytokinin signaling is required for the majority of transcriptional changes induced by rhizo- bium LCOs. In addition, we demonstrate that several cytokinins accumulate in the root susceptible zone 3 h after rhizobium LCO application, including the biologically most active cytokinins, trans-zeatin and iso- pentenyl adenine. These responses are dependent on calcium- and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase （CCaMK）, a key protein in rhizobial LCO-induced signaling. Analysis of the ethylene-insensitive Mtein21 Mtsickle mutant showed that LCO-induced cytokinin accumulation is negatively regulated by ethylene. Together with transcriptional induction of ethylene biosynthesis genes, it suggests a feedback loop negatively regulating LCO signaling and subsequent cytokinin accumulation. We argue that cytokinin accumulation is a key step in the pathway leading to nodule organogenesis and that this is tightly controlled by feedback loops.

关键词： Medicago truncatula cytokinin ethylene rhizobium lipo-chitooligosaccharides CRE1

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豇豆花叶病毒衣壳蛋白编码区在中间组份的RNA核苷酸序列上的定位(英文)

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病毒学报 1986年第1期 46-59页

作者： henk franssen,Wim Roelofsen,Rob Goldbach 荷兰农业大学分子生物学系荷兰农业大学微生物学荷兰农业大学分子生物学系

对豇豆花叶病毒两个衣壳蛋白(VP37和VP23)的氨基端和羧基端氨基酸序列进行了分析,这些结果可以允许VP37和VP23编码区在病毒中间组份(M)RNA的核苷酸序列上进行基因定位。这两个编码区是相邻的,并表明,从M RNA的原始翻译产物中释出VP37和V... 详细信息

对豇豆花叶病毒两个衣壳蛋白(VP37和VP23)的氨基端和羧基端氨基酸序列进行了分析,这些结果可以允许VP37和VP23编码区在病毒中间组份(M)RNA的核苷酸序列上进行基因定位。这两个编码区是相邻的,并表明,从M RNA的原始翻译产物中释出VP37和VP23的蛋白酶解部位,分别是谷氨酰胺-甲硫氨酸和谷氨酰胺-甘氨酸二肽序列。

关键词：豇豆花叶病毒衣壳蛋白编码区酶解部位

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Sedimentation in small-scale irrigation schemes in Ethiopia: Its sources and management

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2022年第5期37卷 576-588页

作者： Zerihun Anbesa Gurmu henk Ritzema Charlotte de Fraiture Mekonen Ayana Water Resources Management Group Wageningen University Arba Minch University Department of Water Science and Engineering IHE Delft Institute for Water Education Adama Science and Technology University

Numerous irrigation schemes in sub-Saharan Africa(SSA) exhibit excessive sedimentation, resulting in underperformance and high maintenance costs. In the current study, a participatory monitoring program was used to investigate sediment causes and sources, measure the annual sediment load, and monitor desilting campaigns in two small scale irrigation schemes in Ethiopia, Arata-Chufa(100 ha) and Ketar(430 ha), for three years(2016-2018). Sedimentation quantities were huge, where the annual river sediment influx ranged from 220 m3for the Arata-Chufa scheme to 1,741 m3for the Ketar scheme. On average 0.3 m3/m of sediment were removed from the main canal for Arata-Chufa costing 794 days of labor per year. In Ketar, sediment quantities were even greater: 1.1 m3/m was removed requiring 3,118days of labor per year. The sediment influx from the river source amounts to up to 95% for Arata-Chufa and moderately reaches 46% for Ketar, with the remainder of the sediment entering with overland erosion flows. Farmers reported increased sedimentation over time and difficulty paying operation and maintenance fees instead preferring to contribute labor for the desilting campaigns. Sedimentation management is fragile and mainly involves frequent desilting campaigns and unharmonized efforts to reduce overland sediment inflows. Factors contributing to sediment deposition include mild longitudinal bed slopes, the location of the intake, canal layout, and lack of canal banks for protection against surface water inflow in addition to sub-optimal canal operations. Excessive sedimentation is a major challenge resulting in underperformance of numerous irrigation schemes in SSA, and the stakeholders’ lack of awareness of the sources of sedimentation is an underlying factor aggravating sedimentation problems. It is concluded that investigating the sources, extent, and types of sedimentation entering a small-scale irrigation scheme is the basis for reducing maintenance costs and for effective man

关键词： Sediment sources Sediment management Irrigation performance Soil loss River sediment Erosion

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Cereal type and combined xylanase/glucanase supplementation influence the cecal microbiota composition in broilers

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第5期13卷 1531-1542页

作者： Dimitrios Kouzounis Jannigje G.Kers Natalia Soares Hauke Smidt Mirjam A.Kabel henk A.Schols Laboratory of Food Chemistry Wageningen University&Research6708 WG WageningenThe Netherlands Laboratory of Microbiology Wageningen University&Research6708 WE WageningenThe Netherlands Huvepharma NV 2600 BerchemBelgium

Dietary fiber-degrading enzyme supplementation in broilers aims at off-setting the anti-nutritive effect of non-starch polysaccharides and at promoting broiler ***,we demonstrated that xylanase/glucanase addition in wheat-based diet improved nutrient digestibility,arabinoxylan fermentability and broiler ***,maize arabinoxylan was found to be recalcitrant to xylanase *** findings suggested that enzyme-mediated improvement of nutrient digestion and carbohydrate fermentation depended on the cereal type present in the diet,and may have contributed to broiler ***,we aimed at further investigating the link between dietary enzymes and carbohydrate fermentation in broilers,by studying the impact of enzyme supplementation in cereal-based diets,to the microbial communities in the ileum and ceca of *** that purpose,96 one-day-old male broilers were randomly reared in two pens and received either wheat-based or maize-based starter and grower *** d 20,the broilers were randomly assigned to one out of four dietary *** broilers received for 8 d the wheat-based or maize-based finisher diet as such(Control treatments;WC,MC)or supplemented with a xylanase/glucanase combination(Enzyme treatments;WE,ME).At d 28,samples from the digestive tract were collected,and the ileal and cecal microbiota composition was determined by 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon sequencing.A similar phylogenetic(alpha)diversity was observed among the four treatments,both in the ileal and the cecal ***,a similar microbial composition in the ileum(beta diversity)was observed,with lactobacilli being the predominant community for all *** contrast,both cereal type and enzyme supplementation were found to influence cecal *** type of cereal(i.e.,wheat or maize)explained 47% of the total variation in microbial composition in the *** stratifying the analysis per cereal type revealed differences in microbio

关键词： Arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides Broiler gut microbiota Cereal non-starch polysaccharides Feed enzymes Fiber fermentation Prebiotics 16S rRNA

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Breeding melon(Cucumis melo)with resistance to powdery mildew and downy mildew

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2022年第5期8卷 545-561页

作者： Lei Cui Lampros Siskos Chen Wang henk J.Schouten Richard G.FVisser Yuling Bai College of Agriculture Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaiyuan030031China Plant Breeding Wageningen University&ResearchP.O.Box 3866700 AJWageningenthe Netherlands

Melon(Cucumis melo L.)production is often restricted by a plethora of pests and diseases,including powdery mildew and downy mildew caused respectively by the fungal species Podosphaera xanthii/Golovinomyces orontii and oomycete species Pseudoperonospora *** efforts have been directed on identification of resistant sources by screening(wild)melon *** the current review,we summarized such efforts from various publications of the last 50 plus *** to powdery mildew has been identified in 239 melon accessions and downy mildew resistance in 452 accessions of both *** and the wild relative species *** the resistance sources,*** *** accessions PMR 45,PMR 5,PMR 6,and WMR 29 as well as *** *** accessions PI 124111,PI 124112,and PI 414723 have been considered as the most valuable germplasm because multiple resistance genes have been identified from these accessions and are widely used in melon resistance *** genetic mapping in a number of resistant sources has enabled identification of 25 dominant genes,two recessive genes and seven QTLs conferring powdery mildew resistance,as well as eight dominant genes and 11 QTLs for downy mildew *** on the reported sequences of associated markers,we anchored physically(many of)these genes and QTLs to chromosomes of the melon ***92 *** addition to presenting a comprehensive overview on powdery mildew and downy mildew resistance in(wild)melon germplasm,we suggest strategies aiming at breeding melon with durable and broad-spectrum resistance to pathogens and pests.

关键词： Cucumis melo Melon Powdery mildew Downy mildew Resistance Breeding

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Nanoscale displacement of the image of an atomic source of radiation

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Chinese Optics Letters 2009年第2期7卷 149-151页

作者： henk F. Arnoldus Department of Physics and Astronomy Mississippi State University

Light emitted by an atomic source of radiation appears to travel along a straight line （ray） from the location of the source to the observer in the far field. However, when the energy flow pattern of the radiation is resolved with an accuracy better than an optical wavelength, it turns out that the field lines are usually curved. We consider electric dipole radiation, a prime example of which is the radiation emitted by an atom during an electronic transition, and we show that the field lines of energy flow are in general curves. Near the location of the dipole, the field lines exhibit a vortex structure, and in the far field they approach a straight line. The spatial extension of the vortex in the optical near field is of nanoscale dimension. Due to the rotation of the field lines near the source, the asymptotic limit of a field line is not exactly in the radially outward direction and as a consequence, the image in the far field is slightly shifted. This sub-wavelength displacement of the image of the source should be amenable to experimental observation with contemporary nanoscale-precision techniques.

关键词： Atoms Electric dipole moments Flow patterns Nanotechnology Vortex flow

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The Biochemical Impact by Covalent Shielding of the Anionic Oxygen of the Phosphate Group in DNA and RNA as Methylated Phosphotriester Linkage on the Inhibition of DNA Duplication and on HIV-1 RNA Viral Infectivity Has Been Seriously Overlooked

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Journal of Biophysical Chemistry 2023年第2期14卷 59-66页

作者： henk M. Buck Kasteel Twikkelerf 94 Tilburg The Netherlands

With the help of model experiments, we are able to offer a detailed proposal for the inhibition of DNA duplication and no inhibition of RNA viral infectivity. As a backbone, we introduced methyl phosphotriester (MPTE). Duplex formation according to the traditional Watson and Crick base-pairing: [(MPTE)n−1 DNA] * DNA and [(MPTE)n−1 DNA] * RNA, where n = number of DNA and RNA bases. However, in the latter case, inhibition is obtained by reduction of the number of MPTE linkages, as is confirmed with model experiments and under biological conditions with micro (mi)RNA substrates. The latter results have recently been published. One or more single MPTEs are disseminated over different places of DNA without neighbour MPTEs (Prof. Wen-Yih Chen and his group, Taiwan).

关键词： Methylated Phosphotriester (MPTE) DNA Partially MPTE DNA Model Inhibition Experiments Micro (mi)RNA HIV-1 RNA Conformational Transition

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Application of the Conditional Nonlinear Optimal Perturbation Method to the Predictability Study of the Kuroshio Large Meander

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2012年第1期29卷 118-134页

作者：王强穆穆 henk A.DIJKSTRA State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atomspheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029 Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Wave Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071 Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht Department of Physics and AstronomyUtrecht University3584 CC Utrechtthe Netherlands

A reduced-gravity barotropic shallow-water model was used to simulate the Kuroshio path variations. The results show that the model was able to capture the essential features of these path variations. We used one simulation of the model as the reference state and investigated the effects of errors in model parameters on the prediction of the transition to the Kuroshio large meander （KLM） state using the conditional nonlinear optimal parameter perturbation （CNOP-P） method. Because of their relatively large uncertainties, three model parameters were considered： the interracial friction coefficient, the wind-stress amplitude, and the lateral friction coefficient. We determined the CNOP-Ps optimized for each of these three parameters independently, and we optimized all three parameters simultaneously using the Spectral Projected Gradient 2 （SPG2） algorithm. Similarly, the impacts caused by errors in initial conditions were examined using the conditional nonlinear optimal initial perturbation （CNOP-I） method. Both the CNOP-I and CNOP-Ps can result in significant prediction errors of the KLM over a lead time of 240 days. But the prediction error caused by CNOP-I is greater than that caused by CNOP-P. The results of this study indicate not only that initial condition errors have greater effects on the prediction of the KLM than errors in model parameters but also that the latter cannot be ignored. Hence, to enhance the forecast skill of the KLM in this model, the initial conditions should first be improved, the model parameters should use the best possible estimates.

关键词： conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation Kuroshio large meander predictability model parameters

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Optimal nonlinear excitation of decadal variability of the North Atlantic thermohaline circulation

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2013年第6期31卷 1356-1362页

作者：祖子清穆穆 henk A.DIJKSTRA LASG Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Wave Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of Sciences Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht Department of Physics and AstronomyUtrecht University

Nonlinear development of salinity perturbations in the Atlantic thermohaline circulation(THC) is investigated with a three-dimensional ocean circulation model,using the conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation *** results show two types of optimal initial perturbations of sea surface salinity,one associated with freshwater and the other with *** types of perturbations excite decadal variability of the *** the same amplitude of initial perturbation,the decadal variation induced by the freshwater perturbation is much stronger than that by the salinity perturbation,suggesting that the THC is more sensitive to freshwater than salinity *** the amplitude of initial perturbation increases,the decadal variations become stronger for both *** salinity perturbations,recovery time of the THC to return to steady state gradually saturates with increasing amplitude,whereas this recovery time increases remarkably for freshwater perturbations.A nonlinear(advective) feedback between density and velocity anomalies is proposed to explain these characteristics of decadal variability *** results are consistent with previous ones from simple box models,and highlight the importance of nonlinear feedback in decadal THC variability.

关键词：年代际变化非线性反馈温盐环流北大西洋扰动方法励磁初始扰动环流模型

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PLATFORM SELECTION FOR COMPLEX SYSTEMS:BUILDING AUTOMATION SYSTEMS

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2014年第4期23卷 415-438页

作者： Geerten van de Kaa henk Jan de Vries Jafar Rezaei Faculty of Technology Policyand ManagementDelft University of TechnologyJaffalaan 52628BX DelftThe Netherlands Rotterdam School of Management Erasmus UniversityBurgemeester Oudlaan 503062PARotterdam The Netherlands Faculty of TechnologyPolicyand ManagementDelft University of Technology Jaffalaan 52628BX DelftThe Netherlands Faculty of Technology Policyand ManagementDelft University of Technology Jaffalaan 52628BXDelftThe Netherlands

Automation systems for buildings interconnect components and technologies from the information technology industry and the telecommunications *** these industries,existing platforms and new platforms（that are designed to make building automation systems work） compete for market acceptance and consequently several platform battles among suppliers for building automation networking are being *** is unclear what the outcome of these battles will be and also which factors are important in achieving platform *** the fuzziness of decision makers＇ judgments into account,a fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making methodology called the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process is applied to investigate the importance of such factors in platform battles for building automation *** present the relative importance of the factors for three types of platforms（subsystem platforms,system platforms,and evolved subsystem platforms）.The results provide a first indication that the set of important factors differs per type of *** example,when focusing on other stakeholders,for subsystem platforms,the previous installed base is of importance;for system platforms,the diversity of the network of stakeholders is essential;and for evolved subsystem platforms,the judiciary is an important factor.

关键词： Building automation system complex system platform Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM)

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