检索结果-南通市图书馆

Role of mucosal dendritic cells in inflammatory bowel disease

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第33期14卷 5138-5148页

作者： jan hendrik Niess Department of Internal Medicine I Ulm UniversityUlm 89031 Germany

The gastrointestinal innate and adaptive immune system continuously faces the challenge of potent stimuli from the commensal microflora and food constituents. These local immune responses require a tight control, the outcome of which is in most cases the induction of tolerance. Local T cell immunity is an important compartment of the specif ic intestinal immune system. T cell reactivity is programmed during the initial stage of its activation by professional presenting cells. Mucosal dendritic cells (DCs) are assumed to play key roles in regulating immune responses in the antigen-rich gastrointestinal environment. Mucosal DCs are a heterogeneous population that can either initiate (innate and adaptive) immune responses, or control intestinal inflammation and maintain tolerance. Defects in this regulation are supposed to lead to the two major forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). This review will discuss the emerging role of mucosal DCs in regulating intestinal inflammation and immune responses.

关键词： Dendritic cells Commensal Inflammatory bowel disease Mucosal immunity Host defence

Combination of cold drawing and cryogenic turning for modifying surface morphology of metastable austenitic AISI 347 steel

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2019年第11期26卷 1188-1198页

作者： hendrik Hotz Benjamin Kirsch Steven Becker Ralf Miiller jan CAurich Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Production Systems University of Kaiserslautern67663 KaiserslauternGermany Institute of Applied Mechanics University of Kaiserslautern67663 KaiserslauternGermany

The application of components often depends to a large extent on the properties of the surface layer.A novel process chain for the production of components with a hardened surface layer from metastable austenitic steel was *** investigated metastable austenitic AISI 347 steel was cold-drawn in solution annealed condition at cryogenic temperatures for pre-hardening,followed by post-hardening via cryogenic *** increase in hardness in both processes was due to strain hardening and deformation-induced phase transformation from y-austenite to^-*** turning experiments were carried out with solution annealed AISI 347 steel as well as with solution annealed and subsequently cold-drawn AISI 347 *** thermomechanical load of the workpiece surface layer during the turning process as well as the resulting surface morphology was *** forces and temperatures were higher in turning the cold-drawn AISI 347 steel than turning the solution annealed AISI 347 *** cryogenic turning of the solution annealed material,deformation-induced phase transformation and a significant increase in hardness were detected in the near-surface *** contrast,no additional phase transformation was observed after cryogenic turning of the cold-drawn AISI 347 *** maximum hardness in the surface layer was similar,whereas the hardness in the core of the cold-drawn AISI 347 steel was higher compared to that in the solution annealed AISI 347 steel.

关键词： Surface layer hardening Cryogenic turning Cold drawing Metastable austenitic steel Deformation-induced phase transformation

Scalable and controlled self-assembly of aluminum-based random plasmonic metasurfaces

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Light(Science & Applications) 2017年第1期6卷 692-699页

作者： Radwanul Hasan Siddique jan Mertens hendrik Hölscher Silvia Vignolini Institute for Microstructure Technology Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenKarlsruhe 76344Germany Department of Chemistry University of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridge CB21EWUK Department of Physics NanoPhotonics GroupKapitza BuildingCavendish LaboratoryUniversity of CambridgeCambridge CB30HEUK

Subwavelength metal-dielectric plasmonic metasurfaces enable light management beyond the diffraction ***,a costeffective and reliable fabrication method for such structures remains a major challenge hindering their full ***,we propose a simple yet powerful manufacturing route for plasmonic metasurfaces based on a bottom-up *** fabricated metasurfaces consist of a dense distribution of randomly oriented nanoscale scatterers composed of aluminum(Al)nanohole-disk pairs,which exhibit angle-independent scattering that is tunable across the entire visible *** macroscopic response of the metasurfaces is controlled via the properties of an isolated Al nanohole-disk pair at the *** addition,the optical field confinement at the scatterers and their random distribution of sizes result in a strongly enhanced Raman signal that enables broadly tunable excitation using a single *** unique combination of a reliable and lithography-free methodology with the use of aluminum permits the exploitation of the full potential of random plasmonic metasurfaces for diagnostics and coloration.

关键词： aluminum plasmonics plasmonic metasurfaces polymer blends self-assembly SERS structural color

Timings of early crustal activity in southern highlands of Mars:Periods of crustal stretching and shortening

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第3期10卷 1029-1037页

作者： Trishit Ruj Goro Komatsu jan hendrik Pasckert James M.Dohm International Research School of Planetary Sciences Università d'Annunzio Department of Earth and Planetary Science School of Science University of Tokyo Institut für Planetologie Westf?lische Wilhelms-Universit?t Foundation for Advancement of International Science

Extensional and compressional structures are globally abundant on Mars. Distribution of these structures and their ages constrain the crustal stress state and tectonic evolution of the planet. Here in this paper, we report on our investigation over the distribution of the tectonic structures and timings of the associated stress fields from the Noachis-Sabaea region. Thereafter, we hypothesize possible origins in relation to the internal/external processes through detailed morphostructural mapping. In doing so, we have extracted the absolute model ages of these linear tectonic structures using crater size-frequency distribution measurements, buffered crater counting in particular. The estimated ages indicate that the tectonic structures are younger than the mega impacts events(especially Hellas) and instead they reveal two dominant phases of interior dynamics prevailing on the southern highlands, firstly the extensional phase terminating around3.8 Ga forming grabens and then compressional phase around 3.5-3.6 Ga producing wrinkle ridges and lobate scarps. These derived absolute model ages of the grabens exhibit the age ca. 100 Ma younger than the previously documented end of the global extensional phase. The following compressional activity corresponds to the peak of global contraction period in Early Hesperian. Therefore, we conclude that the planet wide heat loss mechanism, involving crustal stretching coupled with gravitationally driven relaxation(i.e.,lithospheric mobility) resulted in the extensional structures around Late Noachian(around 3.8 Ga). Lately cooling related global contraction generated compressional stress ensuing shortening of the upper crust of the southern highlands at the Early Hesperian period(around 3.5-3.6 Ga).

关键词： Martian dynamics Southern highlands Extensional tectonics Compressional tectonics Age of structures Buffer crater counting

Topology impacts TRAIL therapy: Differences in primary cancer growth and liver metastasis between orthotopic and subcutaneous xenotransplants of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2021年第3期20卷 279-284页

作者： Bastian Kettler Anna Trauzold Christian Röder jan-hendrik Egberts Holger Kalthoff Clinic for General- Abdominal-and Transplant-SurgeryMedical School HannoverCarl-Neuberg-Str.130625 HannoverGermany Institute for Experimental Cancer Research University of Kiel and University Clinic of Schleswig-HolsteinCampus KielHs.U30Arnold-Heller-Str.324105 KielGermany Clinic for General VisceralThoracicTransplantation-and Pediatric SurgeryUniversity Clinic of Schleswig-HolsteinCampus KielHs.CArnold-Heller-Str.324105 KielGermany

Background: To study novel treatment modalities for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC), we need to transfer the knowledge from in vitro to in vivo. It is important to mirror the clinical characteristics of the typically local invasive growth of pancreatic cancer and the distant spread resulting in liver metastasis. Notably, for xenotransplant studies using human specimen, two models, i.e. subcutaneous(s.c.) and orthotopic(o.t.) transplantation are widely used. Methods: The subcutaneously and orthotopically inoculated Colo357 Bcl-x L cell-derived tumors were directly compared with and without TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand(TRAIL) treatment. The size of primary tumors, number of liver metastasis and the histologic markers Ki67, M30, TNF-α and CD31 were assessed. Results: Upon TRAIL treatment, the primary tumors did not change their size, neither in the s.c. nor in the o.t. approaches. But when s.c. was compared to o.t., the size of the s.c. tumors was more than twofold bigger than that of the o.t. tumors( P<0.01). However, mice with orthotopically inoculated PDAC cells developed liver metastasis upon TRAIL treatment much more frequently( n=13/17) than mice with subcutaneously inoculated PDAC cells( n=1/11)( P<0.01). As a likely driving force for this increased metastasis, a higher TNF-α staining intensity in the o.t. tumors was observed by immunohistochemistry. Conclusions: These data from a direct side-by-side comparison underline the importance of the proper inoculation site of the PDAC cells. Local invasion and liver metastases are a hallmark of PDAC in the clinic;the o.t. model is clearly superior in reflecting this setting. Moreover, a serious side-effect of a possible new therapeutic compound became obvious only in the o.t. model.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Animal models Immunohistochemistry Subcutaneous metastasis

Approximating multi-purpose AC Optimal Power Flow with reinforcement trained Artificial Neural Network

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Energy and AI 2022年第1期7卷 131-141页

作者： Zhenqi Wang jan-hendrik Menke Florian Schäfer Martin Braun Alexander Scheidler Department of Energy Management and Power System Operation University of KasselWilhelmshöher Allee 7334121 KasselGermany Fraunhofer Institute for Energy Economics and Energy System Technology Königstor 5934119 KasselGermany

Solving AC-Optimal Power Flow(OPF)problems is an essential task for grid operators to keep the power system safe for the use cases such as minimization of total generation cost or minimization of infeed curtailment from renewable DERs(Distributed Energy Resource).Mathematical solvers are often able to solve the AC-OPF problem but need significant computation *** neural networks(ANN)have a good application in function approximation with outstanding computational *** this paper,we employ ANN to approximate the solution of AC-OPF for multiple *** novelty of our work is a new training method based on the reinforcement learning concept.A high-performance batched power flow solver is used as the physical environment for training,which evaluates an augmented loss function and the numerical action *** augmented loss function consists of the objective term for each use case and the penalty term for constraints *** training method enables training without a reference OPF and the integration of discrete decision variable such as discrete transformer tap changer position in the constrained *** improve the optimality of the approximation,we further combine the reinforcement training approach with supervised training labeled by reference *** benchmark results show the high approximation quality of our proposed approach while achieving high computational efficiency on multiple use cases.

关键词： OPF Artificial neural network Reinforcement learning Grid planning and operation Grid congestion management

Spatial heterogeneity of flesh-cell osmotic potential in sweet cherry affects partitioning of absorbed water

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 2104-2113页

作者： Eckhard Grimm Daniel Pflugfelder jan Hahn Moritz Jonathan Schmidt hendrik Dieckmann Moritz Knoche Institut für Gartenbauliche Produktionssysteme Leibniz Universität HannoverAbteilung ObstbauHerrenhäuser Straße 2D-30419 HannoverGermany Forschungszentrum Jülich IBG-2:PflanzenwissenschaftenWilhelm-Johnen-StraßeD-52428 JülichGermany Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V. Hollerithallee 8D-30419 HannoverGermany

A fleshy fruit is commonly assumed to resemble a thin-walled pressure vessel containing a homogenous carbohydrate *** sweet cherry(Prunus avium L.)as a model system,we investigate how local differences in cell water potential affect H2O and D2O(heavy water)*** partitioning of H2O and D2O was mapped nondestructively using magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).The change in size of mesocarp cells due to water movement was monitored by optical coherence tomography(OCT,non-destructive).Osmotic potential was mapped using microosmometry(destructive).Virtual sections through the fruit revealed that the H2O distribution followed a net pattern in the outer mesocarp and a radial pattern in the inner *** patterns align with the disposition of the vascular bundles.D2O uptake through the skin paralleled the acropetal gradient in cell osmotic potential gradient(from less negative to more negative).Cells in the vicinity of a vascular bundle were of more negative osmotic potential than cells more distant from a vascular *** revealed net H2O uptake was the result of some cells loosing volume and other cells increasing volume.H2O and D2O partitioning following uptake is non-uniform and related to the spatial heterogeneity in the osmotic potential of mesocarp cells.

关键词： potential Spatial bundle

Combined glucocorticoid and antiviral therapy of hepatitis B virus-related liver failure

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第7期21卷 2214-2219页

作者： jan-hendrik Bockmann Maura Dandri Stefan Lüth Nadine Pannicke Ansgar W Lohse 1~(st) Deparment of Medicine University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf

Acute hepatic failure due to hepatitis B virus(HBV)can occur both during primary infection as well as after reactivation of chronic *** recommend considering antiviral therapy in both situations,although evidence supporting this recommendation is *** HBV is not directly cytopathic,the mechanism leading to fulminant hepatitis B is thought to be primarily ***,immunosuppression combined with antiviral therapy might be a preferred therapeutic intervention in acute liver failure in hepatitis *** wereport our favourable experience in three hepatitis B patients with fulminant hepatic failure who were treated by combining high-dose steroid therapy with standard antiviral treatment,which resulted in a rapid improvement of clinical and liver parameters.

关键词： Acute liver failure Hepatitis B virus Prednisolone

Descemet-membrane endothelial keratoplasty in patients with retinal comorbidity -a prospective cohort study

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第3期9卷 390-394页

作者： Kristina Spaniol Christoph Holtmann jan-hendrik Schwinde Sophia Deffaa Rainer Guthoff Gerd Geerling University Eye Hospital Dusseldorf Moorenstraβe 5Dusseldorf 40225 Germany

AIM： To investigate indications, surgical challenges, and outcome of Descemet -membrane endothelial keratoplasty （DMEK） in patients with retinal comorbidities （RC）. METHODS： In a prospective cohort study, 8 eyes of 8 DMEK-patients with known RC were compared to 38 eyes of 38 DMEK-patients without RC. The duration of surgery, the degree of difficulty graded by the surgeon, and the complications through DMEK-surgery were analyzed for each patient. The best-corrected visual acuity （BCVA）, the endothelial cell count, the intraocular pressure, and the subjective satisfaction was evaluated after a 6-month follow-up. Data were compared applying the non-parametric Wilcoxon-, Chi-square- and Fisher＇s-exact-test with P≤ 0. 05 as level of significance. RESULTS： RC-patients had dry age-related macular degeneration （n=4） or history of pars-plana vitrectomy （n=4）. The main indication for DMEK was pain due to bullous keratopathy for the RC-patlents （n=7, 88%） and visual impairment due to Fuchs endothelial keratoplasty for the non-RC-patients （n=33, 87% ）. The BCVA increased for both groups （P=0.01, P〈0.001） and all corneas cleared. For the RC-patients, the subjective satisfaction improved significantly （P=0.02）. Oil-filling and missing support of the vitreous body complicated surgery in vitrectomized eyes. CONCLUSION： DMEK is a favorable technique to treat endothelial disorders even if patients suffer from a retinal comorbidity. By enhancing the corneal clarity, it enables retinal examination or intraocular surgery and increases the patients satisfaction. However, in vitrectomized or silicone-oil filled eyes, the duration of surgery and degree of complexity are increased. An experienced surgeon should perform DMEK in these patients. Clinical trial registration number： DRKS00007566.

关键词： Descemet-membrane endothelial keratoplasty age-related macular degeneration pars plana vitrectomy