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Methodology of the Tetrazolium Test for Evaluating Physiological Quality in Pitaya (<i>Hylocereus undatus</i>) Seeds

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第6期9卷 1143-1155页

作者： Thiago Alberto Ortiz helio fernandes ibanhes neto Lú cia Sadayo Assari Takahashi Laboratory of Seed Technology and Production Department of Agronomy State University of Londrina (Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL) Londrina Brazil

The germination test is routinely used for evaluating physiological quality of seeds, but it has not been satisfactory, since it requires relatively long periods to obtain results. In this sense, there is the possibility to resort to vigor tests, although the absence of standardized methodologies has hindered your applicability and reproducibility. The goal of the present study was to establish a methodology for the tetrazolium test that is effective for evaluating physiological quality in pitaya seeds. So, we used five seed batches obtained from mature fruits of pitaya (Hylocereus undatus), harvested in the years of 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, and 2012. The experimental design was the completely randomized design, with four replicates of 50 seeds. The tetrazolium test was conducted in a 5 × 4 × 3 factorial plot, corresponding to five batches of pitaya seeds (2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, and 2012), four concentrations of the tetrazolium solution (0.075%, 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1.0%) and three immersion periods (2, 3, and 4 h). In addition, the germination test for the seed batches was carried out and the analyzed variables were: percentage of germination (PG), germination speed index (GSI) and mean germination time (MGT). Data were submitted to ANOVA and means were compared by the Scott-Knott test (p ≤ 0.05). Tetrazolium test conducted at a solution concentration of 0.5% and an immersion period of 3 h proved to be efficient for evaluating physiological quality of pitaya seeds, in order to stratify the seed batches into more viability levels compared to the germination test.

关键词： Cactaceae Germination Hylocereus undatus Vigor Test Viability

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Production of Manganese Peroxidase by Trametes villosa on Unexpensive Substrate and Its Application in the Removal of Lignin from Agricultural Wastes

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2014年第14期5卷 1067-1077页

作者： Marilia Lordelo Cardoso Silva Volnei Brito de Souza Veronica da Silva Santos helio Mitoshi Kamida Joao Ronaldo T.de Vasconcellos-neto Aristoteles Goes-neto Maria Gabriela Bello Koblitz Technology Department State University of Feira de Santana(UEFS)Feira de SantanaBrasil Biology Department State University of Feira de Santana(UEFS)Feira de SantanaBrasil Food Technology Department Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro(UNIRIO)Rio de JaneiroBrasil

Manganese peroxidase (MnP) is a ligninolytic enzyme that is involved in the removal of lignin from the cell wall of plants. This removal facilitates the access of hydrolytic enzymes to the carbohydrate polymers that are hydrolyzed to simple sugars, which allows the subsequent fermentation to obtain bioproducts, such as ethanol. In this work, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the culture conditions on unexpensive substrate for MnP secretion by Trametes villosa. Three independent variables were evaluated (i.e., temperature, moisture content and pH). The crude extract containing MnP was used in the delignification experiment and it caused a reduction in lignin content for all residues tested: 35.05 ± 1.45 (%) for the sugar cane bagasse;63.11 ± 0.06 (%) for the sisal fiber and 39.61 ± 0.39 (%) for the coconut shell, under the reaction conditions tested after 4 hours of fermentation. The preliminary results exhibited the potential application of this enzyme in the removal of lignin from plant residues. However, the conditions should be evaluated and optimized for each residue type.

关键词： Ligninolytic Enzymes Basidiomycete Sugarcane Bagasse Coconut Shell Sisal Fiber

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Conservative Surgery for Subungual Melanoma In Situ Using Matriderm^(■)

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2017年第10期8卷 861-866页

作者： Mariane Campagnari helio Alberto Carneiro Andrea Schiavinato Jafelicci Heidy Carmecide da Silva Reis Elimar Elias Gomes Eduardo Bertolli Joao Pedreira Duprat neto Skin Cancer Department AC Camargo Cancer CenterSao PauloBrazil Surgical Oncology Residence AC Camargo Cancer CenterSao PauloBrazil

Background: Standard treatment for subungual melanoma is wide local excision including digit amputation in order to obtain safety margins. Level of amputation has been discussed in order to achieve appropriate oncological results along with preservation of limb function wherein local excision of subungual melanoma in situ without amputation is an option. Methods: We report two cases of subungual melanoma in situ treated by using a conservative approach. Both cases were treated with local excision with the resected tumor defect covered with an artificial dermis, Matriderm?. One case was of a 65-year-old male with a left thumb subungual melanoma in situ and another of a 41-year-old female with the same type of melanoma in the left hallux. Full-thickness skin graft was used for reconstruction after 7 weeks from the first surgery in the latter, and in the former case re-epithelization occurred within 90 days after surgery. To date, no clinical signs of recurrence have been found, and finger/toe functions were completely preserved with a minimized scar and little graft bed sensitivity. Follow-up time is two years and ten months for the left thumb case, and one year and six months for the left hallux subungual melanoma in situ. Conclusion: We present two cases of subungual melanoma in situ treated with digit sparing surgery including excision of the periosteum followed by the use of an artificial dermal template to guarantee coverage of the tumor bed defect, providing good functional and cosmetic outcome.

关键词： Melanoma Amputation Artificial Skin

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Insights on Blood Cytokines Production under Different <i>In Vitro</i>Mycobacterial Antigens in Tuberculosis Intestinal Parasites Co Infected Patients

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Advances in Microbiology 2018年第3期8卷 161-174页

作者： Renan Jeremias da Silva Fernanda C. Q. Mello Janaína A. Leung Antonio Henrique Almeida de Moraes neto Leila de Souza Fonseca helio Ribeiro de Siqueira Health Care Victor Vala and CSEGSF Team Maria Helena Féres Saad Laboratory of Cellular Microbiology Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC) Fiocruz Rio de Janeiro Brazil Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Clementino Fraga Filho Hospital Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies Teaching and Bioproducts Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC) Fiocruz Rio de Janeiro Brazil Rio de Janeiro State University Pedro Ernesto Hospital Rio de Janeiro Brazil Victor Vala Family Clinic and Health Care-School Germano Silval Farias (CSEGSF) ENSP/Fiocruz Rio de Janeiro Brazil

Background: The concomitant presence of intestinal parasite infections (IP) and tuberculosis (TB) has relevance. M. tuberculosis immune response is associated with type 1 T helper cell (Th1) while IP is associated with type Th2 cell. However, there are several contradictory reports on cytokine production under coinfection and this could be in association to the mycobacterial antigens used in the studies. Aim: To get insight into the effects of different M. tuberculosis-specific antigens (ESAT-6/CFP-10 and 38 kDa/CFP-10) in generating of appropriate cytokines on peripheral blood mononuclear cells of IPTB co infected patients. Method: ELISA assessed IFN-γ and other 16 cytokines production and plasm IgE. In 18 months, we documented demographic, economic, clinical characteristics and IP frequency in individuals from Brazil. Results: An overall 10/35 (28.5%) were IPTB co infected and 40/76 (52.6%;p = 0.024) asymptomatic intestinal parasite infected community controls (IPCC). Endo-limax nana (40%) and Entamoeba coli (22%), were the most nonpathogenic protozoan identified and Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia intestinalis, Ascaris lumbricoides and Strongyloides stercoralis were the pathogenic species (40%). IgE was higher in IPCC (p = 0.036). Cytokine profiles were significantly biased toward a Th2 type IL-5 (p = 0.001) and IL-13 (p = 0.033), pro-inflammatory GM-CSF (p = 0.019) and borderline lower IL-1β in IPTB, all associated with ESAT-6/CFP-10, while IL-7 was borderline lower, but 38 kDa/CFP-10 associated;as well as IL-8 higher (p < 0.049) vs CC/IPCC. The TB/IPTB IFN-γ levels were similar to both antigens stimuli (p ≥ 0.208). Conclusion: Therefore, coin-cident IPTB coinfection did not exert a significant inhibitory effect in IFN-γ production in response to either of the two antigens, but the partial discrepancy in Th1/Th2 response, is associated with the antigen priming cells.

关键词： Mycobacterium tuberculosis Intestinal Parasites Mycobacterial Antigens IgE Cytokines

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