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Cardiac Malformations in Congenital Hypothyroidism: A Case Report

Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期14卷 279-284页

作者： Suzanne Sap Gaelle Ntsoli Jocelyn Tony Ritha Mbono helene kamo David Chelo Mother and Child Center of Chantal Biya Foundation Yaounde Cameroon University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Laquintinie Hospital University of Douala Douala Cameroon General Hospital of Garoua University of Garoua Garoua Cameroon

Introduction: Congenital hypothyroidism is the most common causes of preventable mental retardation. It is associated with other births defects like cardiac malformations. Descriptions in Sub Saharan Africa are rare, justifying the present report. Case Report: We reported the cases of 3 female patients, diagnosed with hypothyroidism, presenting in addition pulmonary stenosis. The diagnosis was late in all the patients and we noticed clinical improvement under levothyroxine. Conclusion: Association congenital hypothyroidism and cardiac defect is not rare. Our patients are female with no history of consanguinity, presenting congenital hypothyroidism with a gland in situ associated with pulmonary stenosis. Systematic screening of other births defects is thus recommended in affected patients.

关键词： Congenital Hypothyroidism Cardiac Malformations Children

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Osteomyelitis in Children with Sickle Cell Disease: A Challenging Diagnosis: Case Report from Cameroon

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第2期11卷 208-214页

作者： Djike Puepi Fokam Yolande Kukwah Anthony Tufong Tagakou Mboula Jules Andang Paul Mayah Eposse Ekoube Charlotte Diomede Noukeu Njinkui Dominique Enyama helene kamo Selangai Verla Vincent Siysi Department of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics Faculty of Health Science University of Buea Buea Cameroon Buea Regional Hospital Buea South West Cameroon Department of Microbiology and Parasitology Faculty of Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Treatment Centre of Sickle cell Disease Laquintinie Hospital Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical sciences University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon

Introduction: Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is the most prevalent genetic disease in the world predominantly in the African population with Sickle Cell Anaemia (SCA) being its dominant form. One of the most frequent complications of SCD is osteomyelitis. SCA is due to a point mutation in the beta globin chain of haemoglobin. This is responsible for the sickled shape of RBCs under low oxygen tension conditions leading to obstruction in the microcirculation. This leads to vaso-occlusive crises (VOC) which has a similar clinical presentation to that of osteomyelitis, another complication of SCD. Case Presentation: We present the case of a three-year-old girl with SCA who presented with an inability to bear weight in a febrile context. A diagnosis of VOC was initially made, which was later on changed to both a left chronic tibial and right distal femoral osteomyelitis following a series of biological, and imaging investigations. Surgical debridement and drainage were performed, resulting 9 weeks later in the involution of fever and leg pain. Conclusion: Osteomyelitis when associated with SCD is a dreadful and deathly disease in low income countrie

关键词： Chronic Osteomyelitis Sickle Cell Disease Child

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Level of Implementation of Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention in Children Aged between 3 to 59 Months in Koza, Far North Region of Cameroon

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第5期13卷 707-718页

作者： Djike Puepi Fokam Yolande kamo Selangai helene Noukeu Njinkui Diomede Missota Tchahe Mariane Gabrielle Wandji Yanelle Ganni Wele Wilfried Tedongfo Nicolas Verla Vincent Sisyi Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatric Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Department of Pediatric Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Garoua Garoua Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Department of Public Health Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Background: Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention (SMC) is a strategy put in place by World Health Organisation (WHO) to fight against malaria in zones of high seasonal malaria transmission since the year 2012. This strategy has been implemented in the Far North and North regions of Cameroon since the year 2016. Despite the implementation of this program the number of cases and deaths from seasonal malaria among the under 5 seems to be rising in Koza health area. Objective: To determine the level of implementation of the SMC Program and its impact on the mortality of children aged 03 to 59 months during the season of high transmission. Methods: This was a community-based cross-sectional and 7-years retrospective study. Data was surveyed for 3 months in 3 health areas of Koza health area. Data were collected and typed in Kobo collect, cleaned in MS Excel and analyzed in SPSS version 25 to come out with descriptive statistics. Results: Among the 172 households, female children were mostly represented 99 (57%) The age group mostly represented was 2 years. The population knowledge on SMC’s overall score was above average. The overall coverage rate (4 cycles) was 84% from interviewed parents and 67.5% from SMC cards. More than 23% of children experienced at least one side effect with the most common being vomiting (72%). The population’s overall impression of the program was good at 85%. The trends SMC coverage showed a sinusoidal fluctuation from 2015 to 2021, 2016 to 2019 and 2020 to 2021. Conclusion: The coverage rate of SMC was high thus the program is well implemented.

关键词： Level of Implementation Children Parents/Tutors Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention Koza

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Knowledge Regarding Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV among a Group of Adults in a Low Income Country

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第6期13卷 955-965页

作者： Epee Ngoue Jeannette Sime Tchouamo Arielle Annick kamo Selangai helene Mboua Batoum Véronique Tony Nengom Jocelyn Kago Tague Daniel Armand Brice Touka Kouam Euranie Essomba Aurore Albane Nguefack Felicitée Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital of Yaounde Yaounde Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biological Sciences of Garoua University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Interstate Public Health Center of Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo

Introduction: Despite communication on Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), close to 5.9 million people didn’t know they were living with HIV. One of the modes of transmission of HIV is vertical transmission. It remains the principal way of transmission of HIV for children below 15 years, with over 90% of them being infected. In Cameroon, the mother and child transmission of HIV is still a problem with 5.5% of infection of exposed infant at the early infant diagnosis in 2019. Awareness on prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) is an important component for the fight against HIV. We therefore aimed at gauging the level of knowledge of a group of adult clients on HIV and PMTCT. Methodology: We conducted a cross sectional and analytical study at the Yaoundé Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric hospital for a period of one month. Were included, adults who visited the hospital for a free screening campaign on HIV. Data were collected using a questionnaire on their characteristics and knowledge of HIV and PMTCT. Data were entered using CSPro and analysed using IBM SPSS. Results: There was a gap in knowledge on HIV, considering satisfactory knowledge from 25 points and above, it was noted that 34.6% of our respondents had a non-satisfactory knowledge. For PMTCT, knowledge was average with the majority scoring 10 points on 18. Considering satisfactory knowledge on PMTCT was from 10 and above, 35.9% of our respondents had a non-satisfactory knowledge. Female sex was associated with satisfactory knowledge for both HIV and PMTCT. Conclusion: Concerning PMTCT, the knowledge of the mode of transmission, Antiretroviral (ARV) drugs for prevention to the babies or feedings recommendations on exposed HIV infants were poor. There is a gap in favor of women regarding knowledge between HIV and PMTCT. Therefore, men are highly encouraged to take part to health promotion activities on HIV and PMTCT.

关键词： HIV PMTCT Infant Knowledge

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