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Usefulness of magnifying endoscopy for iodine-unstained lesions in a high-risk esophageal cancer population

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第37期16卷 4709-4715页

作者： Ik Seong choi Jae young Jang Won young cho Tae Hee Lee Hyun Gun Kim Bo young Lee Soung Won Jeong Joo young cho Joon Seong Lee So young Jin Institute for Digestive Research SoonChunHyang University College of Medicine

AIM: To investigate the usefulness of magnified observations of iodine-unstained esophageal lesions in the histological diagnosis of esophageal mucosa abnormalities, in high-risk esophageal cancer groups. METHODS: The subjects included 38 patients who had at least one of the four criteria known to be highrisk factors for esophageal cancer. Following endoscopic observation, magnified observations were performed on iodine-unstained lesions of the esophagus. The total number of lesions was 43. These lesions were classified as type A (clear papilla), type B (fused papilla), and type C (non-visible papilla) according to the findings. Tissue biopsy was then carried out. Finally the histological findings were graded in terms of histological factors, and their relationships were compared. RESULTS: Of the 43 lesions, 11 were type A, 17 were type B, and 15 were type C under magnifying endoscopy. Histological findings such as inflammatory cell infiltration and basal cell hyperplasia were significantly increased in type B and type C lesions compared with type A lesions (P < 0.05). Low-grade esophageal dysplasia was apparent in 1 (9%) of 11 type A lesions, in 3 (18%) of 17 type B lesions, and in 6 (40%) of 15 type C lesions, with the highest rate in type C. CONCLUSION: Magnified observations of the esophagus, classified by papillary aspects using magnifying endoscopy of iodine-unstained lesions in high-risk esophageal cancer groups, are considered useful in estimating dysplasia and inflammation of esophageal mucosa.

关键词： Esophageal cancer Iodine Magnifying endoscopy

Does immunohistochemical staining have a clinical impact in early gastric cancer conducted endoscopic submucosal dissection?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第33期18卷 4578-4584页

作者： Seong Ran Jeon Joo young cho Gene Hyun Bok Tae Hee Lee Hyun Gun Kim Won young cho So young Jin Yeon Soo Kim Institute for Digestive Research Digestive Disease Center Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine Seoul 140-743 South Korea Department of Pathology Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine Seoul 140-743 South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital The Catholic University of Korea School of Medicine Daejeon 301-723 South Korea

AIM: To evaluate clinicopathologic parameters and the clinical significance related lymphovascular invasion (LVI) by immunohistochemical staining (IHCS) in endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). METHODS: Between May 2005 and May 2010, a total of 348 lesions from 321 patients (mean age 63 ± 10 years, men 74.6%) with early gastric cancer (EGC) who met indication criteria after ESD were analyzed retrospectively. The 348 lesions were divided into the absolute (n = 100, differentiated mucosal cancer without ulcer ≤ 20 mm) and expanded (n = 248) indica-tion groups after ESD. The 248 lesions were divided into four subgroups according to the expanded ESD indication. The presence of LVI was determined by factor Ⅷ-related antigen and D2-40 assessment. We compared LVI IHCS-negative group with LVI IHCSpositive in each group. RESULTS: LVI by hematoxylin-eosin staining (HES) and IHCS were all negative in the absolute group, while was observed in only the expanded groups. The positive rate of LVI by IHCS was higher than that of LVI by HES (n = 1, 0.4% vs n = 11, 4.4%, P = 0.044). LVI IHCS-positivity was observed when the cancer invaded to the mucosa 3 (M3) or submucosa 1 (SM1) levels, with a predominance of 63.6% in the subgroup that included only SM1 cancer (P < 0.01). In a univariate analysis, M3 or SM1 invasion by the tumor was significantly associated with a higher rate of LVI by IHCS, but no factor was significant in a multivariate analysis. There were no cases of tumor recurrence or metastasis during the median 26 mo follow-up. CONCLUSION: EGCs of the absolute group are immunohistochemically stable. The presence of LVI may be carefully examined by IHCS in an ESD expanded indication group with an invasion depth of M3 or greater.

关键词： Gastric cancer Endoscopic submucosal dis- section Immunohistochemical staining Lymphovascu- lar invasion Depth

Endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cancer:Quo vadis?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第21期17卷 2623-2625页

作者： Won young cho Joo young cho Il Kwun Chung Jin Il Kim Jin Seok Jang Jae Hak Kim Institute for Digestive Research Digestive Disease CenterSoonchunhyang University College of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine College of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul Department of Internal Medicine Dong-A University College of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Dongguk University College of Medicine

The diagnosis of early gastric cancer(EGC) is of great interest because its endoscopic and surgical treatment presents the best chance for a *** technical development,endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) has been widely performed for the curative treatment of EGC in *** studies of ESD for EGC will be the next missions that overcome these limitations and global guidelines will be processed for ESD for EGC.

关键词： Endoscopic submucosal dissection Early gastric cancer

White matter changes in 80 mild cognitive impairment patients using magnetic resonance imaging

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Neural Regeneration Research 2009年第9期4卷 654-658页

作者： Hyun cho Jee-Hyun Kwon Sun-young Kim Department of Neurology Ulsan University Hospital

BACKGROUND： Many studies have suggested that one possible etiology of mild cognitive impairment is small vessel cerebrovascular disease, which is associated with small subcortical infarcts and white matter abnormalities. These white matter changes have been detected as white matter hyperintensity （WMH） using magnetic resonance imaging. WMH may be associated with frontal lobe dysfunction. OBJECTIVE： To examine white matter changes in mild cognitive impairment patients of different subtypes, and to evaluate the correlation between white matter changes and neuropsychological characteristics, demographic information, vascular risk factors, and mild cognitive impairment subtypes. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： The neurophysiological, comparison study was performed at the Department of Neurology Memory Clinic, Ulsan University Hospital, South Korea, between March 2007 and March 2008. PARTICIPANTS： Out of a total of 83 subjects with clinically diagnosed mild cognitive impairment at the out-patient clinic, 3 subjects with severe WMH were excluded. A total of 80 subjects were included in this study. No patients suffered from cognitive impairment induced by neurological diseases, mental disorders, or somatic diseases. In accordance with magnetic resonance imaging results, the patients were assigned to two subtypes： 56 subjects without WMH and 24 subjects with WMH. METHODS： All patients were subjected to a standard neuropsychological battery using the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination, Clinical Dementia Rating, and comprehensive Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery. The Clinical Dementia Rating reflected general cognitive function of patients. Results from the Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery reflected attention, language function, visuospatial function, verbal memory, nonverbal memory, long-term memory, and frontal/executive function. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to map changes in the brain. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The association between va

关键词： mild cognitive impairment cerebrovascular disease white matter hyperintensity frontal/executive dysfunction

Security Analysis of Smart Speaker: Security Attacks and Mitigation

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2019年第9期61卷 1075-1090页

作者： youngseok Park Hyunsang choi Sanghyun cho young-Gab Kim Naver Corp. 6 Buljeong-roJeongja-dongBundang-guGyeonggi-doKorea Sejong University 209Neungdong-roGwangjin-guSeoul05006Korea

The speech recognition technology has been increasingly common in our ***,a number of commercial smart speakers containing the personal assistant system using speech recognition came *** the smart speaker vendors have been concerned about the intelligence and the convenience of their assistants,but there have been little mentions of the smart speakers in security *** the smart speakers are becoming the hub for home automation,its security vulnerabilities can cause critical *** this paper,we categorize attack vectors and classify them into hardware-based,network-based,and *** the attack vectors,we describe the detail attack scenarios and show the result of tests on several commercial smart *** addition,we suggest guidelines to mitigate various attacks against smart speaker ecosystem.

关键词： Smart speaker personal assistant system IoT security

Thermoelectric Transport Properties of R_yFe_3NiSb_(12)(R=Ba,Nd and Yb)

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2014年第11期30卷 1134-1140页

作者： Ruiheng Liu Jung young cho Jiong Yang Wenqing Zhang Lidong Chen CAS Key Laboratory for Energy-conversion Materials Shanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of Sciences Materials and Processes Laboratory GM R&D CenterWarrenMI 48090USA Department of Materials Science & Engineering University of Washington

To evaluate the influence of Ni substitution on electrical transport properties, the thermoelectric transport properties of the p-type skutterudites RyFe3NiSb12 （R = Ba, Nd and Yb） are systematically investigated from 2.5 K to 800 K. By carefully modifying the filling fractions of the three fillers, Ba, Nd and Yb, the carrier concentration is precisely adjusted, which changes proportionally to the nominal value calculated by valence counting rule. The carrier concentration dependences of mobility and Seebeck coefficient represent two band contribution in the valence band, and the optimized carrier concentration for thermoelectric performance is between （5-9） × 10^20 cm^-3. The lattice thermal conductivity of samples filled with rare-earth elements （Nd and Yb） are significantly lower as compared to Ba-filled, due to the lower resonant frequency and partial filling. Compared with Co substitution, Ni substitution tends to close the band gap, which results in heavier bipolar diffusion at high temperature for RyFe3NiSb12. However, due to state, when the carrier concentrations are similar, RyFe3NiSb12 possess higher thermal power and thus higher power factor than RyFe2Co2Sb12 in the lower temperature range. A ZT value of 0.73 is obtained for Yb0.77Fe3NiSb12 at 660 K.

关键词： Thermoelectric Skutterudites Band structure Bipolar diffusion

Influence of potassium pyrophosphate in electrolyte on coated layer of AZ91 Mg alloy formed by plasma electrolytic oxidation

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2009年第4期19卷 824-828页

作者： Jin-young cho Duck-young HWANG Dong-H eon LEE Bongyoung YOO Dong-Hyuk SHIN Department of Metallurgy and Materials Scienc e Hanyang University

The effect of potassium pyrophosphate in the electrolyte on plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO) process for AZ91 Mg alloy was *** morphologies and chemical compositions of the coating layer on the AZ91 Mg alloy were evaluated and corrosion resistance was also estimated by potentiodynamic polarization *** coating layer on AZ91 Mg alloy coated from the Bath 2 containing 0.03 mol/L of potassium pyrophosphate for 360 s exhibited considerably dense structure and contained 11%-18%(mass fraction) of *** higher content of phosphorous of coating layer coated from Bath 2 could be detected at the bottom of oxide layer,which strongly implied that the phosphorous ion might be concentrated at the barrier *** potential of coating layer of AZ91 Mg alloy increased and corrosion current density decreased with increasing the concentration of potassium *** polarization resistance(Rp) of coating layer of AZ91 Mg alloy coated from Bath 2 was 4.65×107 Ω/cm2,which was higher than that(Rp=3.56×104 Ω/cm2) of the sample coated from electrolyte without potassium *** coating layer coated from Bath 2 containing 0.03 mol/L potassium pyrophosphate exhibited the best corrosion resistance.

关键词： AZ91镁合金合金涂层焦磷酸钾电解氧化等离子体电解质腐蚀电流密度耐腐蚀性

Effect of two different doses of intravitreal bevacizumab with temporal retina-sparing laser photocoagulation for retinopathy of prematurity

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2018年第1期11卷 166-169页

作者： A young choi Hochan cho Yu Cheol Kim Department of Ophthalmology Keimyung University School of Medicine Dongsan Medical Center Department of Internal Medicine Keimyung University School of Medicine Dongsan Medical Center

This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety between two different doses of intravitreal bevacizumab（IVB） injection with temporal retina-sparing laser（TRSL） photocoagulation for retinopathy of prematurity（ROP）. We retrospectively evaluated 22 eyes of ROP infants who underwent IVB combined with partial TRSL for stage 3＋ zone I or posterior zone II ROP. Laser photocoagulation was applied on the avascular retina, sparing two-discdiameter width temporal avascular area anterior to ridge. A half dose（0.625 mg） or minimal dose（0.25 mg） of IVB was conducted. Four eyes in minimal dose group were retreated with IVB and laser photocoagulation on the spared retina. Of those 4 retreated eyes, three developed preretinal hemorrhage around the ridge after the first treatment, resulting in fibrotic macular dragging. A half dose of IVB may be more effective than a minimal dose with partial TRSL for ROP. Preretinal hemorrhage may be a harbinger of poor prognosis.

关键词： bevacizumab laser photocoagulation retinopathy of prematurity

Syndrome Pattern and Its Application in Parallel Randomized Controlled Trials

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2013年第3期19卷 163-171页

作者： Byung-Cheul Shin Sina Kim young-Hun cho Division of Clinical Medicine School of Korean MedicinePusan National University Department of Korean Medicine School of Korean MedicinePusan National University Department of Korean Medical Science School of Korean MedicinePusan National University

Syndrome pattern （SP） is a core concept of Chinese medicine （CM） and is used to diagnose and treat patients based on an overall analysis of symptoms and signs. This study aimed to systematically review randomized controlled trials （RCTs） using the SP concept and to demonstrate how the SP concept could be applied to the study design of parallel RCTs, considering a gold standard of clinical research. After conducting a brief systematic review by way of a PubMed search, we analyzed how the SP concept was applied to the design of RCT in a CM herbal medicine trial. We then formulated possible research questions, applied the SP concept to answer the research questions, and suggested possible RCT designs to be used for conducting future trials. Fourteen RCTs were included in our systematic review, and three key points of the SP concept were formulated for the design of parallel RCTs： the time point of SP diagnosis between before and after randomization; the relationship between the international classification of diseases （ICD） and SP for the inclusion of target population; and the proper diagnostic method of SP. In this study, we formulated three possible research questions and then suggested perspectives for five possible RCT models arrived at using SP concepts. Future trials applying SP concept to RCTs should overcome the shortcomings of past SP trials, moving CM forward from experience-based to evidence-based medicine.

关键词： syndrome pattern randomized controlled trial traditional Chinese medicine evidence-basedmedicine integrative medicine