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Characteristic changes in astrocyte properties during astrocyte-to-neuron conversion induced by NeuroD1/Ascl1/Dlx2

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1801-1815页

作者： Qing he zhen Wang Yuchen Wang Mengjie Zhu Zhile Liang Kanghong Zhang Yuge xu Gong Chen GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Direct in vivo conversion of astrocytes into functional new neurons induced by neural transcription factors has been recognized as a potential new therapeutic intervention for neural injury and degenerative disorders. However, a few recent studies have claimed that neural transcription factors cannot convert astrocytes into neurons, attributing the converted neurons to pre-existing neurons mis-expressing transgenes. In this study, we overexpressed three distinct neural transcription factors––NeuroD1, Ascl1, and Dlx2––in reactive astrocytes in mouse cortices subjected to stab injury, resulting in a series of significant changes in astrocyte properties. Initially, the three neural transcription factors were exclusively expressed in the nuclei of astrocytes. Over time, however, these astrocytes gradually adopted neuronal morphology, and the neural transcription factors was gradually observed in the nuclei of neuron-like cells instead of astrocytes. Furthermore,we noted that transcription factor-infected astrocytes showed a progressive decrease in the expression of astrocytic markers AQP4(astrocyte endfeet signal), CX43(gap junction signal), and S100β. Importantly, none of these changes could be attributed to transgene leakage into preexisting neurons. Therefore, our findings suggest that neural transcription factors such as NeuroD1, Ascl1, and Dlx2 can effectively convert reactive astrocytes into neurons in the adult mammalian brain.

关键词： aquaporin-4 Ascl1 astrocyte cortex Dlx2 gap junction glia-to-neuron conversion neural regeneration NeuroD1 reprogramming

Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of epilepsy: electromagnetic stimulation-mediated neuromodulation therapy and new technologies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 917-935页

作者： Dian Jiao Lai xu zhen Gu Hua Yan Dingding Shen Xiaosong Gu Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine Tianjin UniversityTianjinChina Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University NantongJiangsu ProvinceChina

Epilepsy is a severe,relapsing,and multifactorial neurological *** regarding the accurate diagnosis,prognosis,and in-depth pathogenesis are crucial for the precise and effective treatment of *** pathogenesis of epilepsy is complex and involves alterations in variables such as gene expression,protein expression,ion channel activity,energy metabolites,and gut microbiota *** results are lacking for conventional treatments for *** resection of lesions,drug therapy,and non-drug interventions are mainly used in clinical practice to treat pain associated with ***-pharmacological treatments,such as a ketogenic diet,gene therapy for nerve regeneration,and neural regulation,are currently areas of research *** review provides a comprehensive overview of the pathogenesis,diagnostic methods,and treatments of *** also elaborates on the theoretical basis,treatment modes,and effects of invasive nerve stimulation in neurotherapy,including percutaneous vagus nerve stimulation,deep brain electrical stimulation,repetitive nerve electrical stimulation,in addition to non-invasive transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current *** studies have shown that electromagnetic stimulation-mediated neuromodulation therapy can markedly improve neurological function and reduce the frequency of epileptic ***,many new technologies for the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy are being ***,current research is mainly focused on analyzing patients’clinical manifestations and exploring relevant diagnostic and treatment methods to study the pathogenesis at a molecular level,which has led to a lack of consensus regarding the mechanisms related to the disease.

关键词： diagnosis drug treatment electroencephalography epilepsy monitoring epilepsy nerve regeneration neurostimulation non-drug interventions pathogenesis prediction

Constructing 2D bismuth-based heterostructure for highly efficient photocatalytic CO2 reduction

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Tungsten 2025年第1期7卷 71-79页

作者： Ruo-Hang xu Hao-Yu Jiang Dan-Dan Cui Kun-Rong Du Hong-Run Zhang Sheng-Jie xu Ya-Qi Li Zhi-zhen Ren Liang Wang Wei-Chang Hao Yi Du School of Physics and BUAA-UOW Joint Research Centre Beihang University Shenzhen Institute of Beihang University Centre for Catalysis and Clean Energy School of Environment and Science Griffith University

Reforming carbon dioxide（CO2） into fuels and valuable chemicals using solar energy holds significant potential for emission reduction and addressing energy supply *** recombination of photocarriers remains a major obstacle,however,to enhancing solar energy conversion efficiency in the photocatalytic reaction *** two-dimensional materials,constructing heterogeneous structures has emerged as an effective strategy to enhance the separation of photoexcited carriers by leveraging the internal electric field at the heterogeneous ***,we present a facile strategy for preparing Bi4NbO8Br/Bi2WO6plate-on-plate Z-scheme junctions with a strong internal electric field by in situ *** unique heterostructure facilitates efficient separation and transport of photoexcited charges by harnessing the internal electric field induced by chemical bonding at the lateral ***,the Bi4NbO8Br/Bi2WO6heterostructure exhibits enhanced CO2photoreduction properties,along with a CO yield rate of approximately 35 μmol·g-1·h-1under full light *** work offers novel insights into the synthesis of unique hetero structures intended to enhance the efficiency of photocatalytic CO2reduction.

关键词： Bi4NbO8Br/Bi2WO6 CO2 reduction heterostructures Photocatalysts

护理干预对前列腺癌去势治疗心理障碍和生活质量的影响

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吉林医学 2015年第16期36卷 3620-3621页

作者：谢明刘丽何叙珍汕头大学医学院附属粤北人民医院泌尿外科广东韶关512026

目的:探讨护理干预对前列腺癌患者心理状况和生活质量的影响。方法:选择60例前列腺癌去势治疗患者,随机分为常规护理对照组和罗伊-纽曼综合模式护理干预组;采用"Zung焦虑自评量表(SAS)"和"Zung抑郁自评量表(SDS)"进行心理障碍评估,采用(... 详细信息

目的:探讨护理干预对前列腺癌患者心理状况和生活质量的影响。方法:选择60例前列腺癌去势治疗患者,随机分为常规护理对照组和罗伊-纽曼综合模式护理干预组;采用"Zung焦虑自评量表(SAS)"和"Zung抑郁自评量表(SDS)"进行心理障碍评估,采用(Quality of life,QL)对患者生活质量评分。结果:3个月后干预组患者心理障碍、生活质量明显改善(P<0.05)。结论:罗伊-纽曼综合模式护理干预能改善前列腺癌去势治疗患者的心理障碍,提高患者生活质量。

关键词：前列腺癌去势治疗护理干预心理障碍生活质量

Parametric Resonance Analyses for Spar Platform in Irregular Waves

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China Ocean Engineering 2018年第2期32卷 236-244页

作者： YANG he-zhen xu Pei-ji School of Engineering University of GlasgowGlasgow G128QQUnited Kingdom School of Naval Architecture Ocean and Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

The parametric instability of a spar platform in irregular waves is analyzed. Parametric resonance is a phenomenon that may occur when a mechanical system parameter varies over time. When it occurs, a spar platform will have excessive pitch motion and may capsize. Therefore, avoiding parametric resonance is an important design requirement. The traditional methodology includes only a prediction of the Mathieu stability with harmonic excitation in regular waves. However, real sea conditions are irregular, and it has been observed that parametric resonance also occurs in non-harmonic excitations. Thus, it is imperative to predict the parametric resonance of a spar platform in irregular waves. A Hill equation is derived in this work, which can be used to analyze the parametric resonance under multi-frequency excitations. The derived Hill equation for predicting the instability of a spar can include non-harmonic excitation and random phases. The stability charts for multi-frequency excitation in irregular waves are given and compared with that for single frequency excitation in regular waves. Simulations of the pitch dynamic responses are carried out to check the stability. Three-dimensional stability charts with various damping coefficients for irregular waves are also investigated. The results show that the stability property in irregular waves has notable differences compared with that in case of regular waves. In addition, using the Hill equation to obtain the stability chart is an effective method to predict the parametric instability of spar platforms. Moreover, some suggestions for designing spar platforms to avoid parametric resonance are presented, such as increasing the damping coefficient, using an appropriate RAO and increasing the metacentric height.

关键词： spar platform instability parametric resonance Mathieu equation irregular waves dynamic responses

New Promises of Advanced Molecular Recognition:Bioassays,Single Cell Analysis,Cancer Therapy,and Beyond

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2022年第5期40卷 635-650页

作者： Shuxin xu Hui he zhen Liu State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University163 Xianlin AvenueNanjingJiangsu210023 China

The development of biomimetic affinity materials holds great value for scientific research and practical *** from boronic acid chemistry,we developed a series of boronate affinity materials(BAMs)with desired binding properties in aspects of binding pH,affinity and *** on BAMs,molecularly imprinted polymers(MIPs)and aptamers capable of targeting vital biomolecules were rationally designed and *** these affinity reagents as potent tools and combining with advanced analytical techniques particularly liquid chromatography,mass spectrometry and spectrometry allowed for the construction of promising analytical methods to provide new qualitative and quantitative solutions to challenging applications including targeted proteomics analysis,single cell analysis and disease *** addition,the targeting capability of these affinity reagents particularly nanoscale MIPs opened a unique access to develop innovative nanotherapeutics for cancer treatment.

关键词： Molecular recognition Boronate afinity Molecularly imprinted polymers Immunoassays Cancer

Advances and challenges in the treatment of esophageal cancer

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2021年第11期11卷 3379-3392页

作者： Shiming he Jian xu Xiujun Liu Yongsu zhen Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesPeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050China

Esophageal cancer(EC)is one of the most common cancers with high morbidity and mortality *** includes two histological subtypes,namely esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)and esophageal adenocarcinoma(EAC).ESCC primarily occurs in East Asia,whereas EAC occurs in Western *** currently available treatment strategies for EC include surgery,chemotherapy,radiation therapy,molecular targeted therapy,and combinations ***,the prognosis remains poor,and the overall five-year survival rate is very ***,achieving the goal of effective treatment remains *** this review,we discuss the latest developments in chemotherapy and molecular targeted therapy for EC,and comprehensively analyze the application prospects and existing problems of ***,this review aims to provide a better understanding of the currently available drugs through in-depth analysis,promote the development of new therapeutic agents,and eventually improve the treatment outcomes of patients with EC.

关键词： Drug combination Esophageal adenocarcinoma Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Immune therapy Molecular targeted therapy

Underwater four-quadrant dual-beam circumferential scanning laser fuze using nonlinear adaptive backscatter filter based on pauseable SAF-LMS algorithm

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第7期37卷 1-13页

作者： Guangbo xu Bingting Zha Hailu Yuan zhen zheng he Zhang Ministerial Key Laboratory of ZNDY Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Science and Technology on Electromechanical Dynamic Control Laboratory Beijing 100081China Shanghai Radio Equipment Research Institute Shanghai 201109China

The phenomenon of a target echo peak overlapping with the backscattered echo peak significantly undermines the detection range and precision of underwater laser *** overcome this issue,we propose a four-quadrant dual-beam circumferential scanning laser fuze to distinguish various interference signals and provide more real-time data for the backscatter filtering *** enhances the algorithm loading capability of the *** order to address the problem of insufficient filtering capacity in existing linear backscatter filtering algorithms,we develop a nonlinear backscattering adaptive filter based on the spline adaptive filter least mean square(SAF-LMS)*** also designed an algorithm pause module to retain the original trend of the target echo peak,improving the time discrimination accuracy and anti-interference capability of the ***,experiments are conducted with varying signal-to-noise ratios of the original underwater target echo *** experimental results show that the average signal-to-noise ratio before and after filtering can be improved by more than31 d B,with an increase of up to 76%in extreme detection distance.

关键词： Laser fuze Underwater laser detection Backscatter adaptive filter Spline least mean square algorithm Nonlinear filtering algorithm

Ince-Strutt Stability Charts for Ship Parametric Roll Resonance in Irregular Waves

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China Ocean Engineering 2017年第4期31卷 447-457页

作者： ZHANG Xiao YANG he-zhen XIAO Fei xu Pei-ji National Key Laboratory on Ship Vibration &Noise China Ship Development and Design Center State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering School of Naval Architecture.Ocean and Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological University

Ince-Strutt stability chart of ship parametric roll resonance in irregular waves is conducted and utilized for the exploration of the parametric roll resonance in irregular waves. Ship parametric roll resonance will lead to large amplitude roll motion and even wreck. Firstly, the equation describing the parametric roll resonance in irregular waves is derived according to Grim’s effective theory and the corresponding Ince-Strutt stability charts are obtained. Secondly, the differences of stability charts for the parametric roll resonance in irregular and regular waves are compared. Thirdly, wave phases and peak periods are taken into consideration to obtain a more realistic sea condition. The influence of random wave phases should be taken into consideration when the analyzed points are located near the instability boundary. Stability charts for different wave peak periods are various. Stability charts are helpful for the parameter determination in design stage to better adapt to sailing condition. Last, ship variables are analyzed according to stability charts by a statistical approach. The increase of the metacentric height will help improve ship stability.

关键词： parametric instability parametric rolling multi-frequency irregular waves Ince-Strutt stability chart