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Sacrificial piles as a countermeasure against local scour around underwater pipelines

Water Science and Engineering 2024年第2期17卷 187-196页

作者： Forough Raeisi Seyed mohammad Ali Zomorodiann Masih Zolghadr hazi mohammad azamathulla Department of Water Engineering Shiraz UniversityShiraz ***Iran Department of Water Sciences Engineering Jahrom UniversityJahrom ***Iran Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The University of the West IndiesSt.Augustine CampusTrinidad 331310Republic of Trinidad and Tobago

Local scour around pipelines crossing rivers or in marine environments is a significant *** can lead to failure of the pipelines resulting in environmental side effects and economic *** study developed an experimental method to reduce local scour around pipelines with a steady flow of clear water by installing cylindrical and cubical sacrificial *** sizes of sacrificial piles were examined in a linear *** piles were installed on the upstream side of the pipeline at three *** scour depth reduction rates below the pipeline were *** results showed that sacrificial piles could protect a pipeline from local scour.A portion of scoured sediment around the sacrificial piles was deposited beneath the *** sediment accumulation reduced the scour depth beneath the *** of the experimental results demonstrated that the size of piles(d),the spacing between piles,and the distance between the pipe and piles(Xp)were the variables that reduced the maximum scour beneath the pipeline with a diameter of *** the piles with d=0.40D and 0.64D,X_(p)=4OD was the optimal distance to install a group of piles,and cubical piles could mitigate scour more effectively than cylindrical piles under similar *** the piles with d=D,the greatest reduction in scour depth was achieved at X_(p)=50D with any desired spacings between piles,and cylindrical piles in this dimension could protect the pipeline against scour more effectively than cubical piles.

关键词： Clear water River crossing pipeline Local scour Self-burial process Sediment transport

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A CFD Model to Evaluate Near-Surface Oil Spill from a Broken Loading Pipe in Shallow Coastal Waters

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第1期20卷 59-77页

作者： Portia Felix Lee Leon Derek Gay Stefano Salon hazi azamathulla Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The University of the West IndiesSt.AugustineTrinidad and Tobago National Institute of Oceanography and Experimental Geophysics-OGS TriesteItaly

Oil spills continue to generate various issues and concerns regarding their effect and behavior in the marine environment,owing to the related potential for detrimental environmental,economic and social *** is essential to have a solid understanding of the ways in which oil interacts with the water and the coastal ecosystems that are located *** study proposes a simplified model for predicting the plume-like transport behavior of heavy Bunker C fuel oil discharging downward from an acutely-angled broken pipeline located on the water *** results show that the spill overall profile is articulated in three major flow *** first,is the source field,i.e.,a region near the origin of the initial jet,followed by the intermediate or transport field,namely,the region where the jet oil flow transitions into an underwater oil plume flow and starts to move horizontally,and finally,the far-field,where the oil re-surface and spreads onto the shore at a significant distance from the spill *** behavior of the oil in the intermediate field is investigated using a simplified injection-type oil spill model capable of mimicking the undersea trapping and lateral migration of an oil plume originating from a negatively buoyant jet spill.A rectangular domain with proper boundary conditions is used to implement the *** Projection approach is used to discretize a modified version of the Navier-Stokes equations in two dimensions.A benchmark fluid flow issue is used to verify the model and the results indicate a reasonable relationship between specific gravity and depth as well as agreement with the aerial data and a vertical temperature profile plot.

关键词： CFD model Navier-Stokes equations projection method water surface oil spill shallow coastal waters

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Environmental and Social Impacts of Mini-hydropower Plants--A Case Study from Sri Lanka

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2017年第12期11卷 1130-1139页

作者： Prasad G. Senarath Bhabishya Khaniya Nilushi Baduge hazi Md. azamathulla Upaka Rathnayake Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Sri Lanka Institute of lnformation Technology Malabe 10115 Sri Lanka Country Energy (Pvt) Ltcl Worm Trade Center Colombo 00100 Sri Lanka Sensor Networks and Cellular Systems (SNCS) Research Center University of Tabuk Tabuk 47713 Saudi Arabia 21 Huth Street Labrador 4215 Queensland Australia

This research study was conducted to review the environmental and social impact of mini hydropower plants （run-of-the-river type） by selecting Denawaka Ganga mini hydropower plant, which is located in Ratnapura district, Sri Lanka. Field visits and discussions among the authors, authorities and the residents were carried out. Then, the environmental and social impacts were scientifically analysed using regulation degree （RD） and environmental impact value （EIV） scores. It was found out that the Denawaka Ganga mini hydropower plant has induced some environmental concerns; however, significant positive social impact to the society. This is in addition to the green energy generation. Therefore, it can be concluded herein that the Denawaka Ganga mini hydropower is an asset to the country, Sri Lanka.

关键词： Denawaka Ganga hydropower plant environmental impact value mini hydropower plants regulation degree social impacts.

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Functional constipation in Bangladeshi school aged children:A hidden misty at community

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2022年第2期11卷 160-172页

作者： Md Benzamin ASM Bazlul Karim Md Rukunuzzaman Md Wahiduzzaman Mazumder Masud Rana Rubaiyat Alam mohammad Majharul Islam Md Shafiul Alam Kamal Hossen Afsana Yasmin Kaniz Fathema Mukesh Khadga Aisharza Sultana Aishy Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Bangabandhu Shiekh Mujib Medical UniversityDhaka 1000Bangladesh Department of Outpatient Hazi Asmot Medical CentreBhairab 2350Bangladesh Department of Paediatric Nephrology Bangabandhu Shiekh Mujib Medical UniversityDhaka 1000Bangladesh Jalalabad Ragib Rabeya Medical College Sylhet 3100Bangladesh

BACKGROUND Constipation is a common problem in children and a frequent cause of hospital visit in both primary&specialized care,which needs proper evaluation&*** of constipation is variable among *** Bangladesh there has been no published data regarding constipation in community among school aged *** To determine the magnitude of functional constipation and its risk factors in community among Bangladeshi school *** This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in different schools of Dhaka division,*** school aged children between 5-16 years of age who attended school were included in this *** were collected *** clinical history&physical examinations(without digital rectal examination)&available investigations(if done previously)were *** of functional constipation was done by Rome IV criteria and was compared with children without *** with any red flag sign,known chronic disease or any findings suggestive of organic disease and on treatment of constipation were *** analysis of the results was done by using Windows based software device with Statistical Packages for Social Science *** all statistical tests,P value of less than 0.05 was considered as statistically *** Total study populations were 707 and male was 443 and female *** them,134(19%)children had *** constipated children,78 children fulfilled the Rome IV criteria for functional constipation and it was 11%of total *** age of children having functional constipation was 11.24±3.54 years and Male female ratio was 1:***,nausea,abdominal pain,hard stool,blood with hard stool,alternate hard and loose stool and fecal mass in left iliac fossa were analyzed between two group and all were significantly higher in children with functional constipation *** of school,where toilet numbers were inadequate had 2.5 time

关键词： Bangladesh Children Functional constipation

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