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Anomalous phenomena in DC–ULF geomagnetic daily variation registered three days before the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan M_S 8.0 earthquake

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2019年第4期3卷 330-341页

作者： Mei Li Li Yao YaLi Wang Michel Parrot Masashi hayakawa Jun Lu HanDong Tan Tao Xie China Earthquake Networks Center China Earthquake Administration Beijing 100045 China Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement et de l’Espace Université d’Orléans CNRS Orléans France hayakawa Institute of Seismo Electromagnetics Co. Ltd. University of Electro–Communications (UEC) Chofu Japan UEC Advanced Wireless Communications Research Center Chofu Japan School of Geophysics and Information Technology China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China

The hourly data of the vertical Z and the horizontal H components of 37 ground-based DC-ULF geomagnetic stations are examined during 20 April-12 May 2008. On 9 May 2008, three days before the Wenchuan MS 8.0 shock, anomalies-a double low-point and a decreased amplitude-are registered on the curves of the Z component at 25 stations in a large-scale area surrounding the Wenchuan epicentral area. The H component shows none of the double low-point phenomenon but does exhibit a reduced magnitude at the same time. The geomagnetic index Kp is also examined and indicates that the anomalies appear at a solar quiet period. The appearing time shift(Tzs) between the first low-point on May 9 and the minimum point occurring time of May 1-5, 2008 is also *** results show that Tzs is on the order of 1-2 hours earlier or later than usual and there is a 2-6 hours’ gap between these two lowpoints. However, there is still a transition area which includes the epicenter where Tzs=0. Variation amplitude examined on vertical Z increases as the distance from the epicenter decreases. An Earth-air-ionosphere model has been employed to investigate a possible mechanism of this phenomenon and positive results have been unexpectedly attained. All these above-related results tend to prove that the variations of the Z and H on May 9, 2008 during the solar quiet period are probably associated with the forthcoming Wenchuan MS 8.0 earthquake.

关键词： Wenchuan MS 8.0 earthquake geomagnetic abnormity spatial variations Earth-air-ionosphere model

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Schumann resonance observation in China and anomalous disturbance possibly associated with Tohoku M9.0 earthquake

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Earthquake Science 2013年第2期26卷 137-145页

作者： Xinyang Ouyang Xuemin Zhang A.P.Nickolaenko M.hayakawa Xuhui Shen Yuanqing Miao Institute of Earthquake Science China Earthquake Administration63 Fuxing RoadP.O.Box 166 Beijing 100036China School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University Usikov Institute of Radiophysics and Electronics hayakawa Institute of Seismo Electromagnetics Co. Ltd. UEC Incubation Center1-5-1 Chofugaoka Chofu Tokyo 182-8585Japan DFH Satellite Co. Ltd.China Academy of Space Technology

Schumann resonance （SR） is an electromag- netic resonance phenomenon in the Earth-ionosphere cavity exited by global lightning activities when the wavelength matches the circumference of the Earth, and the lowest four peak frequencies of SR are about 8, 14, 20, and 26 Hz. This article presents the new observational data of SR in China. The observations of two horizontal mag- netic components （BNs and BEw） in the frequency band range of 3-29 Hz at Yongsheng observatory （26.7°N, 100.8°E） in southwestern China were mainly analyzed. It is found that the SR amplitudes at peak frequencies in BNs and BEw components all showed diurnal and seasonal variations, and that the SR amplitude in BNS component is always higher than that in BEw component. Diurnal vari- ation of SR amplitude around equinoxes and solstices inBNs component is related to active intervals of three global thunderstorm centers, while SR amplitude in BEw com- ponent is the most significant at around 16 LT, corre- sponding to Asian center. SR amplitudes both in BNs and BEw components increase in the rainy season from May to September. In addition, the SR anomalies in association with the 2011 Japan earthquake are exhibited. The anom- alous effect was characterized by an increase in amplitude at the lowest four SR modes beginning at 4 days before this earthquake. Upon analyzing the wave interference between the direct wave and disturbed wave scattered by localized modification of lower ionosphere over the epicenter, Asian and African thunderstorm centers are found to contribute to anomalous effect observed at Yongsheng station. Modeling results of SR regular and disturbed spectra at different local times led to the similar conclusion.

关键词： Schumann resonance amplitudeThunderstorm center Anomalous Schumannresonance

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TOYOHASHI OF THE 21ST CENTURY

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技术经济与管理研究 2000年第1期 9-10页

作者： Masaru hayakawa 日本丰桥市市长

丰桥市概况丰桥市位于日本中部,拥有丰富的自然景观,气候温和.基于Tokkaudi Shikansen快速铁路干线和Tomei高速公路提供的便利的交通条件,使得丰桥市的农业、制造业和服务业得到快速而协调的发展.全市拥有人口36万,是Aichi县第二大城市... 详细信息

丰桥市概况丰桥市位于日本中部,拥有丰富的自然景观,气候温和.基于Tokkaudi Shikansen快速铁路干线和Tomei高速公路提供的便利的交通条件,使得丰桥市的农业、制造业和服务业得到快速而协调的发展.全市拥有人口36万,是Aichi县第二大城市.……

关键词： TOYOHASHI OF THE 21ST CENTURY ST

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Mn as An Impurity in Synthesized Diamonds Incorporated from the Metal Solvent for Growth at High Pressure-High Temperature

Mn as An Impurity in Synthesized Diamonds Incorporated from ...

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18th International Conference on High Pressure Science and Technology

作者： Masao Wakatsuki Shinjiro hayakawa National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Tsukuba 305-8565Japan Applied Physics and Chemistry Hroshima UniversityHiroshima 739-8527Japan

＜正＞We have grown many single crystals of diamond using a variety of alloy solvents, and analyzed them by x-ray fluorescence method using synchrotron radiation to make it clear which of the solvent-composing-elements can be dissolved in diamond. According to a series of our previous investigation on Ti, Cr. Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and Cu[l-6], concentrations and distribution of dissolved Ni, which were dependent on the growth sectors, were directly determined. Co was also revealed to be dissolved in diamond with the same distribution behavior as that of Ni. It showed a XANES spectrum very similar to that of Ni, which lead us to conclude dissolution of Co at the same position in the lattice that was occupied by Ni. Cr, Fe and Cu have not been detected at a level higher than a fraction of 1 ppm, the detection limit of the method. Mn showed its concentrations of the same order levels as those of Ni and Co, However, its distribution dependence on the growth sector is different from that of Ni and Co. That is, several ppm of Mn could be detected even in the {100} growth sector where Ni or Co were never detected. This behavior of Mn made us hesitate to conclude that Mn was dissolved in the diamond lattice. In the previous analyses, the excitation x-ray beam was 100μm in diameter and might have been two large compared to the density of tiny Mn-containing inclusions if they existed. Such a situation might have let Mn distribution appear as if it had been uniform. Very recently, an intense narrow beam of about 4uuuuuuuuum in diameter have been developed in another synchrotron beam facility （realized by one of the present authors （S.H.） using curved mirrors）, and Mn was again investigated with the same diamond wafer at an excitation energy of 10 keV. Many tiny particles containing Mn were clearly imaged in the two-dimensional spatial distribution of the Mn-kα fluorescence, and in the distribution of the transmitted excitation beam intensity as well. Fig

关键词： diamond impurity manganese inclusions x-ray fluorescence synchrotron radiation

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Multi-Resolution Landslide Susceptibility Analysis Using a DEM and Random Forest

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International Journal of Geosciences 2016年第5期7卷 726-743页

作者： Uttam Paudel Takashi Oguchi Yuichi hayakawa Department of Natural Environmental Studies Graduate School of Frontier Sciences The University of Tokyo Kashiwanoha Kashiwa Japan Center for Spatial Information Sciences The University of Tokyo Kashiwanoha Kashiwa Japan

Landslide susceptibility (LS) mapping is a requisite for safety against sediment related disasters, and considerable effort has been exerted in this discipline. However, the size heterogeneity and distribution of landslides still impose challenges in selecting an appropriate scale for LS studies. This requires identification of an optimal scale for landslide causative parameters. In this study, we propose a method to identify the optimum scale for each parameter and use multiple optimal parameter-scale combinations for LS mapping. A random forest model was used, together with 16 geomorphological parameters extracted from 10, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 300 m digital elevation models (DEMs) and an inventory of historical landslides. Experiments in two equal-sized (625 km2) areas in Niigata and Ehime, Japan, with different geological and environmental settings and landslide density, demonstrated the efficiency of the proposed method. It outperformed all other single scale LS analysis with a prediction accuracy of 79.7% for Niigata and 78.62% for Ehime. Values of areas under receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves (AUC) of 0.877 and 0.870 validate the application of the multi-scale model.

关键词： Multi-Resolution Landslide Susceptibility DEM Random Forest

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Controlling Middleware for Reducing the TCP ACK Packet Backlog at the WLAN Access Point

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Management Studies 2017年第3期5卷 219-233页

作者： Ai hayakawa Masato Oguchi Saneyasu Yamaguchi Ochanomizu University Tokyo Japan Kogakuin University Tokyo Japan

Although modem loss-based Transmission Control Protocols take aggressive congestion window （CWND） control strategies in order to gain better throughput, such strategies may cause a large number of packets to be backlogged and eventually dropped at the entry point to the wireless access network. This problem applies not only to the downstream TCP sessions but also to the upstream TCP sessions when the terminal is connected via a Wireless Local Area Network （WLAN）, which disregards the size of packets in its scheduling. This paper focuses on the ACK packet backlog problem with the upstream TCP sessions, and proposes a CUBIC based CWND control mechanism as part of the middleware for the Android terminals. It utilizes the Round Trip Time （RTT） as an indication for the TCP ACK backlog condition at the WLAN AP, and controls the upper and lower bounds of its CWND size to suppress excessive transmissions of own TCP DATA packets. Unlike the existing works, the proposed mechanism is based on WLAN CSMA/CA performance studies and then it does not require manual performance tuning. An experimental study with up to 10 Android terminals shows that the proposed mechanism can improve both aggregate throughput and faimess of the WLAN, and that it is highly effective particularly for cases where very long RTTs are observed.

关键词： TCP WLAN Congestion control RTT Android

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Effect of Juzentaihoto/Shi-Quan-Da-Bu-Tang on Malignant Progression and Metastasis of Tumor Cells

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World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2017年第4期3卷 26-45页

作者： lkuo Saiki Satoru Yokoyama Yoshihiro hayakawa University of Toyama Division of Pathogenic Biochemistry Institute of Natural Medicine University of Toyama

A Japanese herbal(Kampo,汉方)medicine,十全大补汤(juzentaihoto/Shi-Quan-Da-Bu-Tang),is one of the nourishing agents, a so-called"补剂(Hozai/Bu-Ji)," that is used for improving disturbance and imbalances in the homeostatic condition of the body. This formulation is orally administered to patients in various weakened states, including postsurgery patients and patients with chronic illness, where it can alleviate general symptoms such as extreme fatigue, pale complexion, loss of appetite, dry or scaly skin, night sweating, and dryness of the ***, juzentaihoto/Shi-Quan-Da-Bu-Tang has been shown to have a variety of biological activities, including activation of natural killer cells and macrophages, cytokine induction, antibody production, antitumor effects in combination with surgical excision or other drugs, and protection against the adverse effects of anticancer drugs and radiation, including immunosuppression and bone marrow toxicity. This article focuses on the antitumor and antimetastatic properties of some Kampo medicines and mainly describes the effects of juzentaihoto and its related formulations on tumor development, progression, and metastasis in vivo. We also discuss the inhibitory mechanism of action and the importance of the prescription and constituent crude drugs in determining the efficacy.

关键词： Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition high-performance liquid chromatography pattern analysis Japanese herbal(Kampo) medicine juzentaihoto/Shi-Quan-Da-Bu-Tang macrophages malignant progression natural killer cells shimotsuto/Si-Wu-Tang tumor metastasis tumor vaccine

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Hydrogen Production Technologies Overview

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2019年第1期7卷 107-154页

作者： Mostafa El-Shafie Shinji Kambara Yukio hayakawa Environmental and Renewable Energy Systems Division Gifu University Gifu City Japan

Hydrogen energy became the most significant energy as the current demand gradually starts to increase. Hydrogen energy is an important key solution to tackle the global temperature rise. The key important factor of hydrogen production is the hydrogen economy. Hydrogen production technologies are commercially available, while some of these technologies are still under development. This paper reviews the hydrogen production technologies from both fossil and non-fossil fuels such as (steam reforming, partial oxidation, auto thermal, pyrolysis, and plasma technology). Additionally, water electrolysis technology was reviewed. Water electrolysis can be combined with the renewable energy to get eco-friendly technology. Currently, the maximum hydrogen fuel productions were registered from the steam reforming, gasification, and partial oxidation technologies using fossil fuels. These technologies have different challenges such as the total energy consumption and carbon emissions to the environment are still too high. A novel non-fossil fuel method [ammonia NH3] for hydrogen production using plasma technology was reviewed. Ammonia decomposition using plasma technology without and with a catalyst to produce pure hydrogen was considered as compared case studies. It was showed that the efficiency of ammonia decomposition using the catalyst was higher than ammonia decomposition without the catalyst. The maximum hydrogen energy efficiency obtained from the developed ammonia decomposition system was 28.3% with a hydrogen purity of 99.99%. The development of ammonia decomposition processes is continues for hydrogen production, and it will likely become commercial and be used as a pure hydrogen energy source.

关键词： Hydrogen Technology Hydrogen Production Steam Reforming Plasma Ammonia Decomposition

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A Study on the Correlation of Milk Yield of Cows with Seismicity and ULF Magnetic Field Variations

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Open Journal of Earthquake Research 2016年第4期5卷 206-218页

作者： Masashi hayakawa Tomokazu Asano Alexander Schekotov Hiroyuki Yamauchi hayakawa Institute of Seismo Electromagnetics Co. Ltd. University of Electro-Communications (UEC) Incubation Center Chofu Japan Advanced Wireless & Communications Research Center UEC Chofu Japan Institute of Physics of the Earth Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia Department of Human and Animal-Plant Relationships Azabu University Sagamihara Japan

A statistical study on the basis of one-year data of 2014 has been performed in order to find whether abnormal animal behavior is related with seismic activity and also whether the ULF (Ultra Low Frequency) electromagnetic radiation might be a possible sensory mechanism of abnormal animal behavior. Abnormal animal behavior has been studied with the use of digitally recorded milk yield of cows at Ibaraki Prefecture Livestock Station, and the ULF magnetic field changes have been studied with the data at a magnetic observatory of Kakioka. As the result of correlation analyses, clear responses are observed for both the milk yield of cows and ULF magnetic field changes (both ULF radiation (ULF emissions from the lithosphere) and ULF depression (as an indicator of lower ionospheric perturbations)) for most powerful and not distant earthquakes (EQs) with magnitude > 6, that is, the milk yield of cows is found to exhibit a conspicuous depletion about 17 - 18 days before an EQ, though the correlation coefficient is not so big. Another important objective in this paper is to identify that ULF radiation is the main agent of abnormal behavior so that we have compared the temporal evolutions of milk yield of cows, ULF radiation and ULF depression for three major EQs. As a result, it is found that ULF radiation happens, at least, during the periods of abnormal depletion of milk yield of cows.

关键词： Milk Yield of Cows Correlation Analyses Earthquake Prediction ULF Radiation ULF Depression

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A neuroprotective role of microglia in AIDS dementia

A neuroprotective role of microglia in AIDS dementia

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中国神经科学学会第九届全国学术会议暨第五次会员代表大会

作者： Hitoshi hayakawa Herbert BUDKA Shuji IZUMO Center for Chronic Viral Diseases Kagoshima UniversityKagoshima 890-8544Japan Institute of Neurology Vienna UniversityViennaAustria

＜正＞Objective To clarify whether the pathologic events of HIV encephalitis and AIDS dementia occur independently in human HIV-1 *** Twenty brains of patients with HIV-1 infection autopsied in Vienna University were examined by immunohistochemistry and *** Eleven cases showed typical pathology of HIV encephalitis in the white *** theses 11 cases,following pathologic changes of the frontal cortex could be observed;diffuse microglial activation in 5 cases,astrocytic gliosis in 5 cases,and apoptosis of glia cells and/or neurons in 6 *** other 9 cases had neither HIV encephalitis nor any opportunistic lesions in the *** the frontal cortex,however,diffuse microglial activation was observed in 7 cases and astrocytic gliosis in 2 *** addition,apparent apoptosis of glia cells could be detected in 1 *** order to clarify a role of microglial activation in the frontal cortex,we further examined expressions of harmful proinflammatory cytokines,IL-1βand TNF-α,and neuroprotective EAAT-2,which is primarily expressed on astrocytes and keeps extracellular glutamate concentration low in the brain to prevent neurons from excitotoxic cell death.A quantitative analysis of EAAT-2 expression and microglial activation demonstrated that the number of Ibal-positive activated microglia was increased in 12 cases and the area of EAAT-2 expression was declining in 12 *** was a significant negative correlation between areas of EAAT-2 expression and numbers of Ibal-positive activated microglia（P＜0.01） among the cases with decreased EAAT-2 *** of proinflammatory cytokines,IL-1βand TNF-αwere detected only in microglial nodules,but not in diffusely activated *** These data indicate that diffuse activation of microglia in the cerebral cortex is independent from HIV encephalitis,and may occur according with reduction of EAAT-2 expression on astrocytes in the brain of AIDS *** of EAA

关键词： AIDS dementia apoptosis of neuron neuroprotection of microglia injury of astrocytes excitatory amino acid transporter 2

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