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Ensuring Security and Privacy in the Internet of Things: Challenges and Solutions

Journal of Computer and Communications 2024年第8期12卷 257-277页

作者： Nur Mohammad Rabeya Khatoon Sadia Islam Nilima Jahanara Akter Md Kamruzzaman hasan mahmud sozib Department of Information Technology Westcliff University 17877 Von Karman Ave 4th Floor Irvine CA 92614 United States Department of Business Administration International American University 3440 Wilshire Blvd STE 1000 Los Angeles CA 90010 United States Department of Business Administration Westcliff University 17877 Von Karman Ave 4th Floor Irvine CA 92614 United States School of Business & Economics North South University Dhaka Bangladesh

The Internet of Things (IoT) represents a revolutionary paradigm, enabling a vast array of devices to be ubiquitously interconnected via the Internet, thereby facilitating remote control and management of these devices. This pervasive integration into daily life brings significant convenience but also raises substantial concerns regarding the security of personal data collected and stored online. As the number of connected devices grows, the urgency to address privacy and security issues becomes paramount. IoT systems are particularly susceptible to threats that could compromise consumer privacy and security, affecting their practical deployment. Recent research efforts have focused on enhancing the security of IoT devices, including the exploration of blockchain technologies to mitigate these concerns. This paper aims to elucidate the security and privacy challenges inherent in IoT systems by examining vulnerabilities at each layer of the IoT protocol stack. It identifies key security requirements and reviews existing solutions designed to protect IoT systems from a layered perspective, thereby providing a comprehensive overview of the current landscape of IoT security and highlighting the critical need for robust security measures as the adoption of IoT continues to expand.

关键词： IoT Security Privacy Blockchain Technologies Layered Perspective

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Complete separation of the urinary tract from proximal rectum during PSARP surgery: our experience with the novel technique

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World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2024年第1期7卷 66-69页

作者： Md Samiul hasan Md Nazmul Islam Refoyez mahmud Umama Huq Ashrarur Rahman Pediatric Surgery Bangladesh Shishu Hospital and InstituteDhakaBangladesh

Anorectal malformation(ARM)is a frequently occurring surgical condition in neonates,with a prevalence of 1 in 4000 live births.'In boys with this anomaly,the rectum and urinary tract share a common wall for some distance,often ending up in fistulous *** goals of definite reconstruction are to separate the rectum from the urinary tract without injuring the urethra and mobilizing the rectum to the perineum within the muscle *** the rectum and the urinary tract is the most critical part of this operation and is associated with a significant risk of urinary tract injury.2-5 The original procedure described by Pena and Devries involves multiple stay sutures on the rectal mucosa just above the fistula,lifting the mucosa and continuing a submucosal dissection up to the prostate,where the entire thickness of the intestine can be separated from the urinary tract.

关键词： urinary rectum intestine

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Unsheltered: Navigating California’s Homelessness Crisis

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Sociology Study 2024年第3期14卷 143-156页

作者： Rakibul hasan Md Abdullah Al mahmud Sayeda Farjana Farabi Jahanara Akter Fatema Tuz Johora Westcliff University CaliforniaUSA International American University CaliforniaUSA

This paper presents a comprehensive exploration of the complex phenomenon of homelessness in California,with a specific focus on the state’s three largest cities-Los Angeles,San Francisco,and San *** the backdrop of a high cost of living and a housing market strained by insufficient affordable options,the multifaceted nature of social diversity further complicates the landscape,leading to a widespread presence of homelessness that spans both major urban centers and rural *** an in-depth examination of the distinct challenges confronting each city,ranging from housing shortages to intricate social dynamics,this study seeks to illuminate the underlying factors driving homelessness and identify potential avenues for ***,the paper delves into the unique vulnerabilities experienced by certain demographics within the homeless population,including veterans,families with children,and LGBTQ+individuals,highlighting the critical need for targeted solutions tailored to their specific *** synthesizing existing research and incorporating firsthand accounts,this research endeavor aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of homelessness in California and inform the development of comprehensive strategies aimed at fostering inclusive,sustainable communities statewide.

关键词： homeless California veterans children LGBTQ

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The significance of the posted minimum speed limits along interstate highways in South Carolina on traffic operation and safety

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2021年第5期8卷 715-724页

作者： Saidi Siuhi Md mahmud hasan Mamun Judith Mwakalonge Department of Engineering South Carolina State UniversityOrangeburgSC 29117USA Department of Civil Engineering Florida International UniversityMiamiFL 33174USA

This paper evaluated the significance of the posted differential speed limits(DSL)on traffic safety and operation along interstate highways in South *** paper defines DSL as the difference between the posted maximum and minimum speed *** paper used vehicle speed and traffic crashes for *** evaluation results showed over 99%of all vehicles complied with the posted 45 mph minimum speed limit and more than 50%of drivers drove above the posted maximum speed limit regardless of the posted maximum speed *** results also indicated that speed variations increased as the DSL ***,the safety evaluation showed conflicting results on the impacts of the DSL on *** results showed the DSL had negative implications on crashes per AADT per *** is attributed to increased interactions between slower and faster-moving vehicles in the traffic *** the contrary,it was observed that segments with higher DSL had fewer crashes per mile per lane than the segments with the lower *** results suggest there is a need to conduct more research to quantify the efficacy of posting the minimum speed limit because there were no problems observed with motorists driving too slowly on interstate *** results provide important information on the efficacy of posting minimum speed limits to improve the uniformity of traffic flow and safety.

关键词： Speed limit Minimum speed limit Differential speed limit Speed variation Traffic safety Traffic operation

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Community microgrid:an approach towards positive energy community in an urban area of Dhaka,Bangladesh

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Clean Energy 2023年第4期7卷 926-939页

作者： Mohammad Zeyad S.M.Masum Ahmed Sayeed hasan Dewan Mahnaaz mahmud Energy and Technology Research Division Advanced BioinformaticsComputational Biology and Data Science LaboratoryBangladesh(ABCD LaboratoryBangladesh)House:24Road:01Block:BHalishaharChattogram 4226Bangladesh School of Engineering and Physical Sciences(EPS) Heriot-Watt UniversityCampus The AvenueEdinburghScotland EH144ASUK Department of Energy Engineering University of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU)Ingeniero Torres Quevedo Plaza1BilbaoBiscay 48013Spain Department of Electrical Electronic and Control EngineeringSchool of Industrial EngineeringUniversity of ExtremaduraCampus UniversitarioAv.de Elvass/nBadajozBadajoz 06006Spain Centre for Research on Geography ResourcesEnvironmentEnergy and Networks(Green)Bocconi UniversityVia Roentgen 1MilanoLombardy 20136Italy Control and Robotics(CORO) Ecole Centrale De Nantes1 Rue de la No?44300 NantesFrance

The pollution and toxic greenhouse gases produced by fossil fuel combustion are troubling as global energy demand continues to *** mitigate the consequences of global warming,a transition to sustainable energy sources is *** manuscript presents a feasible community microgrid design in Hazaribagh,Dhaka based on meteorological data that leads to photovoltaic installation on the rooftop of a local community *** study shows a microgrid design of a system with the lowest cost of energy and a large renewable fraction,which is analysed using the HOMER Pro *** real-time data,analysis of the system cost,cost of energy,renewable fraction,unmet load,energy purchased and energy sold is discussed.A suitable case for electrification is also identified and presented for the selected *** proposed case yields a cost of energy of$0.0357/kWh,which is 52%less than the current tariff rate,with a 70%renewable *** study will provide people in this community with more green energy at a lower cost;in addition,this designed microgrid sells additional energy to the grid to avoid possible power *** potential for a positive energy community is also investigated in terms of energy consumption and renewable output of the planned microgrid.

关键词： cost of energy microgrid positive energy community renewable fraction

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Grid-connected microgrid:design and feasibility analysis for a local community in Bangladesh

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Clean Energy 2022年第3期6卷 447-459页

作者： Dewan Mahnaaz mahmud S.M.Masum Ahmed Sayeed hasan Mohammad Zeyad Energy and Technology Research Division Advanced BioinformaticsComputational Biology and Data Science LaboratoryBangladesh Faculty of Engineering Erasmus Mundus Joint MSc in Smart Cities and Communities(SMACCs)University of Mons(UMONS)Belgium School of Engineering and Physical Sciences(EPS) Erasmus Mundus Joint MSc in Smart Cities and Communities(SMACCs)Heriot-Watt University(HWU)UK

Global demand for electricity is growing significantly in developing *** energy accounts for barely 3%of total energy consumption in *** of renewable energy,***,are increasingly being acknowledged as viable supply-side choices for *** article presents a grid-connected microgrid design based on meteorological data for a local community situated in Mohammadpur,*** study presents a feasible design of a system that gives the lowest cost of energy production and emissions that is evaluated using software named Hybrid Optimization Multiple Energy Resources(HOMER Pro).Comparison and assessment of the net present cost,cost of energy,operating cost and environmental emission for five different feasible microgrids are analysed concerning real-time ***,a suitable case is sorted out and proposed for the local community for *** proposed case offers a$0.0442/kWh cost of energy,which is~32%cheaper than the current rate with a 57.5%renewable fraction and a payback period of 16.86 *** of this local community will have access to considerably more clean energy at a lower price by this study;also this design could sell the excess energy to the grid to avoid frequent electricity outages.

关键词： renewable energy communities microgrid community energy photovoltaic batteries emission cost of energy

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Trophic structure and energy flow of the resettled maritime area of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh through ECOPATH

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2019年第10期38卷 27-42页

作者： Ehsanul Karim Qun Liu Ying Xue Shanur Jahedul hasan M Enamul Hoq Yahia mahmud College of Fisheries Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute(BFRI) Mymensingh-2201Bangladesh

The existing study was taken to represent the current information in order to develop a mass-balanced ecosystem model within the resettled maritime boundary area of the Bay of Bengal(BoB),Bangladesh from July 2016 to June 2017 through ECOPATH approach covering over 90 000 km2.A total of 19 functional groups were considered representing all trophic levels in the foodweb where estimated trophic interactions between the groups were varied from 1(primary producers and detritus)to 3.45(sharks).The ecotrophic efficiency(EE)of most of the consumers was greater than 0.80;symbolizing a largely exploited ecosystem and high energy transfer from lower to higher trophic ***,the gross efficiency(0.001 8)and transfer efficiency(11.12%)of the whole system symbolizes the“Developing Systems”with somewhat maturity ***’s overhead(64.6)and ascendancy(35.4)also designate the ecosystem’s ***,this study determines that the resettled maritime area of BoB reserves significant backup strength to face stress situations having capacity to rapid restoration to the original states.

关键词： Ecopath with Ecosim Bay of Bengal ecological groups maritime ecosystem mass balance

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Early-Stage Cervical Cancerous Cell Detection from Cervix Images Using YOLOv5

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 3727-3741页

作者： Md Zahid hasan Ontor Md Mamun Ali Kawsar Ahmed Francis M.Bui Fahad Ahmed Al-Zahrani S.M.hasan mahmud Sami Azam Department of Software Engineering(SWE) Daffodil International University(DIU)SukrabadDhaka1207Bangladesh Group of Biophotomatiχ Department of Information and Communication TechnologyMawlana Bhashani Science and Technology UniversitySantoshTangail1902Bangladesh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Saskatchewan57 Campus DriveSaskatoonS7N5A9SKCanada Computer Engineering Department Umm Al-Qura UniversityMecca24381Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science American International University-Bangladesh(AIUB)KuratoliDhaka1229Bangladesh College of Engineering IT and EnvironmentCharles Darwin UniversityCasuarina0909NTAustralia

Cervical Cancer(CC)is a rapidly growing disease among women throughout the world,especially in developed and developing *** this many women have ***,it is curable if it can be diagnosed and detected at an early stage and taken proper *** the high cost,awareness,highly equipped diagnosis environment,and availability of screening tests is a major barrier to participating in screening or clinical test diagnoses to detect CC at an early *** solve this issue,the study focuses on building a deep learning-based automated system to diagnose CC in the early stage using cervix cell *** system is designed using the YOLOv5(You Only Look Once Version 5)model,which is a deep learning *** build the model,cervical cancer pap-smear test image datasets were collected from an open-source repository and these were labeled and *** the YOLOv5 models were applied to the labeled dataset to train the *** versions of the YOLOv5 model were applied in this study to find the best fit model for building the automated system to diagnose CC at an early *** of the model’s variations performed *** model can effectively detect cervical cancerous cell,according to the findings of the *** the medical field,our study will be quite *** can be a good option for radiologists and help them make the best selections possible.

关键词： Cervical cancer pap-smear deep learning cancerous cell YOLOv5 model

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Nanophotonic-structured front contact for high-performance perovskite solar cells

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Science China Materials 2022年第7期65卷 1727-1740页

作者： Md.Akhtaruzzaman Mohammad Ismail Hossain Mohammad Aminul Islam Md.Shahiduzzaman Ghulam Muhammad A.K.mahmud hasan Yuen Hong Tsang Kamaruzzaman Sopian Solar Energy Research Institute(SERI) Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 BangiSelangorMalaysia Department of Applied Physics Hong Kong Polytechnic University(PolyU)KowloonHong KongChina Centre for Integrated Systems Engineering and Advanced Technologies(Integra) Faculty of Engineering and Built EnvironmentUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia(UKM)43600 BangiSelangorMalaysia Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences University of TsukubaTsukubaIbaraki 305-8573Japan Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of MalayaJalan Universiti50603 Kuala LumpurSelangorMalaysia Nanomaterials Research Institute(NanoMaRi) Kanazawa UniversityKakumaKanazawa 920-1192Japan Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud University11543 RiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA Institute of Sustainable Energy Universiti Tenaga Nasional(@The National Energy University)Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN43000 KajangSelangorMalaysia

We report the design of a nanophotonic metaloxide front contact aimed at perovskite solar cells(PSCs)to enhance optoelectronic properties and device stability in the presence of ultraviolet(UV)***-quality Cr-doped ZnO film was prepared by industrially feasible magnetron sputter deposition for the electron transport layer of *** a means,the influence of the Cr content on the film and device was systematically ***-depth device optics and electrical effects were studied using advanced three-dimensional opto-electrical multiphysics rigorous simulations,optimizing the front contact for realizing high *** numerical simulation was validated by fabricating PSCs optimized to reach high performance,energy conversion efficiency(ECE)=17.3%,open-circuit voltage(V_(OC))=1.08 V,short-circuit current density(J_(SC))=21.1 mA cm^(-2),and fillfactor(FF)=76%.Finally,a realistic front contact of nanophotonic architecture was proposed while improving broadband light absorption of the solar spectrum and light harvesting,resulting in enhanced quantum efficiency(QE).The nanophotonic PSC enables J_(SC)improvement by~17%while reducing the reflection by 12%,resulting in an estimated conversion efficiency over 23%.It is further demonstrated how the PSCs’UV-stability can be improved without considerably sacrificing optoelectronic *** of nanophotonic designed ZnO:Cr front contact,PSCs device,and fabrication process are described.

关键词： ZnO:Cr front contact magnetron sputtering perovskite solar cells UV stability optics and electrical effects

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A cross sectional study on antibiotic resistance pattern of Salmonella typhi clinical isolates from Bangladesh

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014年第4期4卷 306-311页

作者： Adnan Mannan Mohammad shohel sultana Rajia Niaz Uddin mahmud Sanjana Kabir Imtiaj hasan Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversity of Chittagong Department of Pharmacy North South University Department of Pharmacy Varendra University Department of Computer Science & Engineering BGC Trust University Bangladesh Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Rajshahi University Laboratory of Glycobiology and Marine Biochemistry Department of Life and Environmental System ScienceGraduate School of Nano BiosciencesYokohama City University

Objective:To investigate and compare the resistance and sensitivity of Salmonella typhi samples to commonly used antibiotics in three major divisions of Bangladesh and to evaluate the gradually developing resistance ***:The antibiotic susceptibility of 70 clinical isolates collected from blood,sputum,urine and pus samples were identified by specific antisera and with standard biochemical *** patients were divided into 5 age *** and resistance was also tested by KirbyBauer disc-diffusion method using 12 regularly used ***:Antibiotic susceptibility test demonstrated that 64.28%isolates of Salmonella typhi were multidrug *** study suggests that the clinical samples were mostly resistant against nalidixic acid with all age groups and in all three divisions with similar resistance *** is more common among adult people(30-40 years)and children(0-10 years).Salmonella typhi was mostly sensitive against gentamycin,chloramphenicol and ***:Although the population density of Dhaka region is markedly higher than Rajshahi and Chittagong regions,no significant difference in resistance pattern was *** rate of multidrug resistance is a matter of *** should reconsider before prescribing nalidixic acid and *** molecular study is needed to reveal the genomic and proteomic basis of resistance.

关键词： Bangladesh Salmonella typhi Resistance Susceptibility Antibiotic

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