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Intelligent Medicine 2023年第3期3卷 180-190页

作者： harsh bhatt Vrunda Shah Krish Shah Ruju Shah Manan Shah Department of Computer Science Institute of TechnologyNirma UniversityAhmedabadGujaratIndia Dhirubhai Ambani Institute of Information and Communication Technology GandhinagarGujaratIndia Department of Chemical Engineering School of Energy TechnologyPandit Deendayal Energy UniversityGandhinagarGujaratIndia

Skin cancer is among the most common and lethal cancer types,with the number of cases increasing dramatically *** not diagnosed in the nascent stages,it can lead to metastases,resulting in high mortality *** cancer can be cured if detected ***,timely and accurate diagnosis of such cancers is currently a key research *** machine learning technologies have been employed in computer-aided diagnosis of skin cancer detection and malignancy *** learning is a subfield of artificial intelligence(AI)involving models and algorithms which can learn from data and generate predictions on previously unseen *** traditional biopsy method is applied to diagnose skin cancer,which is a tedious and expensive ***,machine learning algorithms for cancer diagnosis can aid in its early detection,lowering the workload of specialists while simultaneously enhancing skin lesion *** article presented a critical review of select state-of-the-art machine learning techniques used to detect skin *** studies had been collected,and an analysis of the performance of k-nearest neighbors,support vector machine,and convolutional neural networks algorithms on benchmark datasets was *** shortcomings and disadvantages of each algorithm were briefly *** in detecting skin cancer were highlighted and the scope for future research was proposed.

关键词： Machine learning Skin cancer Classification

Efficacy of a Diabetes Specific Nutritional Supplement (DSNS) on Glycemic Response in Prediabetic Adults: A Two-Armed, Open-Labelled Randomized Controlled Study

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 612-643页

作者： Deepti Khanna Kejal Joshi Reddy Hema S. Gopalan Jaladhi bhatt Jayanti Gupta Simran Sethi Parth Joshi Manoj Pareek Department of R&D Hindustan Unilever Limited Gurugram India Mumbai India Cliantha Research Ahmedabad India

It is well known that Diabetes Specific Nutritional Supplements (DSNSs) are linked to improved glycemic control in individuals with diabetes. However, data on efficacy of DSNSs in prediabetics is limited. This was a two-armed, open-labelled, randomized controlled six-week study on 199 prediabetics [30 - 65 years;Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) 5.7% - 6.4% and/or Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) 100-125 mg/dl]. Two parallel phases were conducted: Acute Blood Glucose Response (ABGR) and Intervention phase. Prediabetic participants were randomized into test (n = 100) and control (n = 99). The primary objective was to assess the ABGR of DSNS versus an isocaloric snack, measured by incremental Area under the Curve (iAUC). Test and control received 60 g of DSNS and 56 g of isocaloric snack (cornflakes) respectively, both in 250 ml double-toned milk on visit days 1, 15, 29 and 43. Postprandial Blood Glucose (PPG) was estimated at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 minutes. During the 4 weeks intervention phase, the test group received DSNS with lifestyle counselling (DSNS + LC) and was compared with the control receiving lifestyle counselling alone (LC alone). Impact was studied on FBG, HbA1C, anthropometry, body composition, blood pressure, nutrient intake, and physical activity. The impact of DSNS was also studied using CGM between two 14-day phases: CGM1 baseline (days 1 - 14) and CGM2 endline (days 28 - 42). DSNS showed significantly lower PPG versus isocaloric snack at 30 (p 12, and chromium were reported by DSNS + LC versus LC alone. No other significant changes were reported between groups. It may be concluded that DSNS may be considered as a snack for prediabetic or hyperglycemic individuals requiring nutritional support for improved glycemic control.

关键词： Diabetes Specific Nutritional Supplement Prediabetes Acute Blood Glucose Response Incremental Area under Curve Lifestyle Counselling

Evaluation of Human Impacts on Bartlett Pond Ecosystem, Laredo, Southern Texas, USA, through Empirical Modeling

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第4期15卷 497-526页

作者： Maya P. bhatt Amede Rubio Ganesh B. Malla Cristobal Lopez Virginia Morales Erick Vazquez Cano David Marquez Orlando Berumen Alvarez Alfred Addo-Mensah Department of Biology and Chemistry Texas A&M International University Laredo USA Department of Mathematics Computer Geology and Physics University of Cincinnati-Clermont College Batavia USA

The trace elements chemistry of Bartlett Pond, a small shallow wetland pond in Laredo, Southern Texas, was sampled to evaluate the dynamics of trace elements impacts on water quality and ecosystems ecology of the pond. Two types of fish (bass and tilapia) were also sampled to see the trace element accumulation in different parts of their body. The concentrations of trace elements in water samples were found in the following order: Fe ≫Sb > Pb > As ≫Co > Tl > Cr > Cd within Bartlett Pond. Overall, the water quality of the pond is unacceptable for drinking and any other purposes as trace element concentrations (e.g. As, Cd, Co, Cr, Pb, Fe, Sb and Tl) are exceedingly higher (several fold) than the WHO and US EPA guidelines. Predictive and correlation analysis shows that most trace elements exhibit a strong positive correlation among them indicating the same anthropogenic sources and biogeochemical processes regulate these trace elements within the pond. Distributions of the trace elements in water exhibit different shapes mostly as positively skewed distribution for As, Cd, Co, Cr, and Tl, symmetrical distribution for Fe and almost symmetrical distribution for Pb and Sb. Concentrations of As, Co and Tl accumulated much higher in different parts of the Bass than Tilapia fish. The concentrations of As, Tl, Co, and Sb appeared significantly higher in different parts of the body of both Bass and Tilapia than the maximum SRM certified values. Accumulation of these contaminants in fish tissues pose increased health risks to humans who consume these contaminated fish although fishing is prohibited. Anthropogenic activities in the region primarily degrade the whole pond ecosystem ecology of the Bartlett Pond and waters of this pond to be not recommended for any use. These findings may be useful for the scientific community and concerned authorities to improve understanding about these precious natural resources and conservation of the ecosystem ecology.

关键词： Trace Elements Bartlett Pond Laredo Southern Texas Wetlands Ecosystem Ecology

Immunotherapy for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第15期29卷 2261-2271页

作者： Ahan bhatt Jennifer Wu Division of Hematology and Oncology Perlmutter Cancer Center of NYU Langone HealthNYU School of MedicineNew YorkNY 10016United States

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is presented frequently in late stages that are not amenable for curative *** for patients who can undergo resection for curative treatment of HCC,up to 50%*** patients who were not exposed to systemic therapy prior to recurrence,recurrence frequently cannot be subjected to curative therapy or local *** patients have several options of immunotherapy(IO).This includes programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1)and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4 treatment,combination of PD-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor or single agent PD-1 therapy when all other options are deemed *** are also investigational therapies in this area that explore either PD-1 and tyrosine kinase inhibitors or a novel agent in addition to PD-1 with vascular endothelial growth factor *** minireview explored IO options for patients with recurrent HCC who were not exposed to systemic therapy at the initial *** also discussed potential IO options for patients with recurrent HCC who were exposed to first-line therapy with curative intent at diagnosis.

关键词： Liver neoplasms Immune checkpoint blockade Combination drug therapy PD-1-PD-L1 blockade CTLA-4 inhibitor

An approach based on deep learning for Indian sign language translation

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International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics 2023年第3期16卷 397-419页

作者： Kinjal Bhargavkumar Mistree Devendra Thakor Brijesh bhatt Chhotubhai Gopalbhai Patel Institute of Technology Uka Tarsadia UniversityBardoliIndia Dharmsinh Desai Institute of Technology Dharmsinh Desai UniversityNadiadIndia

Purpose–According to the Indian Sign Language Research and Training Centre(ISLRTC),India has approximately 300 certified human interpreters to help people with hearing *** paper aims to address the issue of Indian Sign Language(ISL)sentence recognition and translation into semantically equivalent English text in a signer-independent ***/methodology/approach–This study presents an approach that translates ISL sentences into English text using the MobileNetV2 model and Neural Machine Translation(NMT).The authors have created an ISL corpus from the Brown corpus using ISL grammar rules to perform machine *** authors’approach converts ISL videos of the newly created dataset into ISL gloss sequences using the MobileNetV2 model and the recognized ISL gloss sequence is then fed to a machine translation module that generates an English sentence for each ISL ***–As per the experimental results,pretrained MobileNetV2 model was proven the best-suited model for the recognition of ISL sentences and NMT provided better results than Statistical Machine Translation(SMT)to convert ISL text into English *** automatic and human evaluation of the proposed approach yielded accuracies of 83.3 and 86.1%,*** limitations/implications–It can be seen that the neural machine translation systems produced translations with repetitions of other translated words,strange translations when the total number of words per sentence is increased and one or more unexpected terms that had no relation to the source text on *** most common type of error is the mistranslation of places,numbers and *** this has little effect on the overall structure of the translated sentence,it indicates that the embedding learned for these few words could be ***/value–Sign language recognition and translation is a crucial step toward improving communication between the deaf and the rest of *** of the shortage of hum

关键词： Indian sign language Neural machine translation ISL corpus Pretrained models Sign language recognition Sign language translation Paper type Research paper

Selecting Best Software Vulnerability Scanner Using Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set TOPSIS

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第8期72卷 3613-3629页

作者： Navneet bhatt Jasmine Kaur Adarsh Anand Omar H.Alhazmi Anil Surendra Modi School of Commerce Narsee Monjee Institute of Management StudiesDeemed to be UniversityMumbai400056India Department of Operational Research Faculty of Mathematical SciencesUniversity of DelhiDelhi110007India Department of Computer Science Taibah UniversityMedina30001Saudi Arabia

Software developers endeavor to build their products with the least number of *** this,many vulnerabilities are detected in software that threatens its *** automated software i.e.,vulnerability scanners,are available in the market which helps detect and manage vulnerabilities in a computer,application,or a ***,the choice of an appropriate vulnerability scanner is crucial to ensure efficient vulnerability *** current work serves a dual purpose,first,to identify the key factors which affect the vulnerability discovery process in a *** second,is to rank the popular vulnerability scanners based on the identified *** will aid the firm in determining the best scanner for them considering multiple *** multi-criterion decision making based ranking approach has been discussed using the Intuitionistic Fuzzy set(IFS)and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution(TOPSIS)to rank the various *** IFS TOPSIS,the opinion of a whole group could be simultaneously considered in the vulnerability scanner *** this study,five popular vulnerability scanners,namely,Nessus,Fsecure Radar,Greenbone,Qualys,and Nexpose have been *** inputs of industry specialists i.e.,people who deal in software security and vulnerability management process have been taken for the ranking *** the proposed methodology,a hierarchical classification of the various vulnerability scanners could be *** clear enumeration of the steps allows for easy adaptability of the model to varied *** study will help product developers become aware of the needs of the market and design better *** from the user’s point of view,it will help the system administrators in deciding which scanner to deploy depending on the company’s needs and *** current work is the first to use a Multi Criterion Group Decision Making technique in vulnerability scanner selection.

关键词： Intuitionistic fuzzy set group decision making multi-criteria decision making(MCDM) ranking algorithm software security TOPSIS vulnerability vulnerability scanners

Hypoxia-inducing cryogels uncover key cancer-immune cell interactions in an oxygen-deficient tumor microenvironment

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第11期29卷 279-295页

作者： Thibault Colombani Zachary JRogers Khushbu bhatt James Sinoimeri Lauren Gerbereux Mohammad Hamrangsekachaee Sidi ABencherif Department of Chemical Engineering Northeastern UniversityBostonMA 02115United States Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Northeastern UniversityBostonMAUnited States Department of Bioengineering Northeastern UniversityBostonMA 02115United States Harvard John A.Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138United States Biomechanics and Bioengineering(BMBI) UTC CNRS UMR 7338University of Technology of Compi`egneSorbonne University60203 Compi`egneFrance

Hypoxia is a major factor shaping the immune landscape,and several cancer models have been developed to emulate hypoxic ***,to date,they still have several limitations,such as the lack of reproducibility,inadequate biophysical cues,limited immune cell infiltration,and poor oxygen(O_(2))control,leading to non-pathophysiological tumor ***,it is essential to develop better cancer models that mimic key features of the tumor extracellular matrix and recreate tumor-associated hypoxia while allowing cell infiltration and cancer-immune cell ***,hypoxia-inducing cryogels(HICs)have been engineered using hyaluronic acid(HA)to fabricate three-dimensional microtissues and model a hypoxic tumor ***,tumor cell-laden HICs have been designed to deplete O_(2) locally and induce long-standing *** promoted changes in hypoxia-responsive gene expression and phenotype,a metabolic adaptation to anaerobic glycolysis,and chemotherapy ***,HIC-supported tumor models induced dendritic cell(DC)inhibition,revealing a phenotypic change in the plasmacytoid DC(pDC)subset and an impaired conventional DC(cDC)response in ***,our HIC-based melanoma model induced CD8^(+)T cell inhibition,a condition associated with the downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion,increased expression of immunomodulatory factors,and decreased degranulation and cytotoxic capacity of T ***,these data suggest that HICs can be used as a tool to model solid-like tumor microenvironments and has great potential to deepen our understanding of cancer-immune cell relationship in low O_(2) conditions and may pave the way for developing more effective therapies.

关键词： Cryogels Hypoxia Cancer Immunosuppression Drug resistance

Environmental Impact Assessment System and Process in Developing Countries

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Open Journal of Ecology 2023年第12期13卷 977-1009页

作者： Ramesh Prasad bhatt School of Science and Engineering Atlantic International University Honolulu USA

Environmental impact assessment (EIA), a decision-making process for project appraisal and sustainability adopted globally as an administrative process to identify, predict, evaluate, and monitor projects from their feasibility, preconstruction, construction, and operation stages to mitigate the adverse impacts and enhance the beneficial impacts for the protection of the affected environment, The study objective is to explore global EIA systems and processes and find shortcomings and implications for making the best instrument or tool to protect the natural environment from man-made activities over the project cycle. For this, the relevant literature on the EIA system and process was reviewed and evaluated through the application of quantitative and qualitative approaches, including the assessment of legal instruments and the adoption of EIA methodologies in developing countries. EIA, initiated in the 1970s in the US and Australia, expanded to developing countries and was amended in East and Southeast Asia from the 1970s to the 2000s. The evaluation assessed that the South Asian countries follow UNEP and IAIA guidelines, utilizing national laws and expert consultations, with screening criteria and administrative processes based on established environmental legislation. Ad hoc, checklist, matrix, network, overlay, cost-benefit analysis, and predictive or simulation in EIA practice are used to assess the environmental impacts of development activities. Failure to recommend major projects undermines public trust and prevents mitigation measures from being implemented. Most developing countries have followed EIA to fulfill the legal requirement with shadow-off monitoring and follow-up rather than to upset, reduce, or compensate for the project impacts as per size, location, and severity of the project area. The research and guidelines outlined in the IAIA principles and process have synthesized the best EIA practices worldwide. Public participation, impact coverage, sci

关键词： EIA Process and Practice Evolution Developing Countries Legal Instruments Implications

Long-term outcomes after catheter-based renal artery denervation for resistant hypertension:final follow-up of the randomised SYMPLICITY HTN-3 Trial

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四川生理科学杂志 2022年第9期44卷 1686-1686页

作者： Deepak L bhatt Brigham and Women's Hospital Heart and Vascular Center and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Piedmont Heart Institute Atlanta GA. USA New York Presbyterian Hospital Columbia University Medical Center and Cardiovascular Research Foundation New York NY USA Prairie Heart Institute Springfield IL USA Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA Miami Cardiac Vascular Institute Miami FL USA University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL USA Medtronic Santa Rosa CA USA University of Chicago Medicine Chicago IL USA

Background:The SYMPLICITY HTN-3(Renal Denervation in Patients With Uncontrolled Hypertension)trial showed the safety but not efficacy of the Symplicity system(Medtronic,Santa Rosa,CA,USA)at 6 months follow-up in patients with treatment-resistant *** final report presents the 36-month follow-up ***:SYMPLICITY HTN-3 was a single-blind,multicentre,sham-controlled,randomised clinical trial,done in 88 centres in the *** aged 18-80 years,with treatment-resistant hypertension on stable,maximally tolerated doses of three or more drugs including a diuretic,who had a seated office systolic blood pressure of 160 mm Hg or more and 24 h ambulatory systolic blood pressure of 135 mm Hg or more were randomly assigned(2:1)to receive renal artery denervation using the single electrode(Flex)catheter or a sham control.

关键词： hypertension drugs treatment

Bird assemblages in natural and urbanized habitats along elevational gradient in Nainital district （western Himalaya） of Uttarakhand state, India

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Current Zoology 2011年第3期57卷 318-329页

作者： Dinesh bhatt Kamal Kant JOSHI Avian Diversity and Bioacoustics Lab Department of Zoology and Environmental Science Gurukula Kangri University Harid- war 249 404 Uttarakhand India

The Indian subcontinent is amongst the biologically better known parts of the tropics and its bird fauna has been well documented. However, avian community composition and diversity along elevational gradients and amongst habitat types remains unclear in India. We attempted to estimate bird assemblages in terms of diversity, species composition, status and abundance in urban and forest habitats of Nainital district of Uttarakhand (350–2450 m asl; 29°N), Western Himalayas. We sampled different elevational gradients and to understand the effect of urbanization and season on avian community composition. Field studies were conducted during January 2005 to January 2007. Results indicated that the forest had more complex bird community structure in terms of higher species richness (14.35 vs 8.69), higher species diversity (Shannon’s index 4.00 vs 3.54), higher evenness (0.838 vs 0.811) and more rare species (17 vs 5) as compared to urban habitat. However, the abundance of 11 species was higher in urban habitats. Bird Species Richness (BSR) varied considerably among study areas (91 to 113 species), was highest (113 species) at mid elevation (1450–1700 m asl) and decreased (22 species) at high elevation (1900–2450 m asl). It seems that high BSR at mid altitudes is not caused by the presence of a group of mid altitude specialists but rather that there is an overlap in the distribution of low land and high elevation specialists at this altitude. BSR and Bird Species Diversity fluctuated across seasons but not habitat type.

关键词：喜马拉雅山脉印度次大陆海拔梯度鸟类动物栖息地城市化自然灾害物种多样性