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Gut microbiome alters functions of mutant p53 to promote tumorigenesis

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2020年第1期5卷 491-492页

作者： harry Cheuk Hay Lau Jun Yu Institute of Digestive Disease Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsState Key Laboratory of Digestive DiseaseLi Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesCUHK Shenzhen Research InstituteThe Chinese University of Hong KongSha TinN.T.Hong Kong

In a recent study in Nature,Kadosh et al.1 established a landmark relationship between the gut microbiome and host epigenetics in intestinal *** demonstrated the substantial plasticity of mutant p53 in WNT-driven tumo... 详细信息

关键词： tumorigenesis involvement al

Meta-analysis of ground movements associated with deep excavations using a data mining approach

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2019年第2期11卷 409-416页

作者： harry Holmes Emilio Garcia-Taengua Raul Fuentes AECOM Ltd. university of Leeds

This paper presents a rigorous statistical approach to identify the controlling factors in the development of ground movements associated with deep excavations. It also gives the most suitable definition of support stiffness from many suggested definitions in the literature. The study is based on a newly compiled database from 389 case studies of propped and anchored excavations. Data mining techniques(e.g. principal component analysis and multi-linear regression) were used to identify significant relationships between the parameters under study and to quantify the global trends in the database. The study shows that the main factors controlling the ground movements are those related to ground conditions, confirming the conclusions of previous empirical studies. It is also shown that the definition of Addenbrooke et al.(1994) is the most suitable expression of support stiffness, therefore providing conclusive evidence for its future use.

关键词： Geomechanics Slope stability Special soil Unsaturated soil

Propulsive matrix of a helical flagellum

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Chinese Physics B 2014年第11期23卷 51-56页

作者：张何朋刘斌 Bruce Rodenborn harry L.Swinney department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Natural Sciences School of Natural Sciences University of California department of Physics and Center for Nonlinear Dynamics University of Texas at Austin

We study the propulsion matrix of bacterial flagella numerically using slender body theory and the regularized Stokeslet method in a biologically relevant parameter regime. All three independent elements of the matrix are measured by computing propulsive force and torque generated by a rotating flagellum, and the drag force on a translating flagellum. Nu- merical results are compared with the predictions of resistive force theory, which is often used to interpret micro-organism propulsion. Neglecting hydrodynamic interactions between different parts of a flagellum in resistive force theory leads to both qualitative and quantitative discrepancies between the theoretical prediction of resistive force theory and the numerical results. We improve the original theory by empirically incorporating the effects of hydrodynamic interactions and propose new expressions for propulsive matrix elements that are accurate over the parameter regime explored.

关键词： low-Reynolds-number flows micro-organism dynamics bacterial swimming

Climate change and plague history in Europe

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Science China Earth Sciences 2018年第2期61卷 163-177页

作者： Ricci P.H.YUE harry F.LEE The department of Geography The University of Hong Kong International Center for China Development Studies The University of Hong Kong

Previous research that reported the linkage between climate change and plague activity primarily refers to the immediate effect of short-term climatic variation. Yet, decades of discussion about the climate-plague association cannot determine the precise role of climate in shaping plague dynamics. One reason for this discrepancy originates from the narrow selection of spatio-temporal settings for comprehensive analysis of the correlation, leading to a limited consideration of the complexity of possible *** analyzing a 414-year long record of plague outbreak in pre-industrial Europe and the corresponding climatic data in multi-scale,we find little evidence to support climate-plague correlation in(1) both climatic variations and large-scale climatic phenomena,(2)both country scale and continental scale,(3) annual to inter-annual scale, and(4) both linear and non-linear analytic approaches. The null-result should not be viewed as a general rejection of other recent findings related to climate-plague association; nevertheless,it suggests that a wider consideration of scales, sensitivity checks and consideration of contexts should be included in explaining and predicting plague transmission under contemporary global climate conditions.

关键词： Plague Climate change Scale Pre-industrial period Europe

NEW METHOD FOR IMPROVED CALCULATIONS OF UNSTEADY COMPLEX FLOWS IN LARGE ARTERIES

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2011年第6期31卷 2247-2264页

作者： A. Cheer harry A. Dwyer T. Kim department of Mathematics One Shields AvenueUniversity of California department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engeering University of California

Using an improved computational fluid dynamics （CFD） method developed for highly unsteady three-dimensional flows, numerical simulations for oscillating flow cycles and detailed unsteady simulations of the flow and forces on the aortic vessels at the iliac bifurcation, for both healthy and diseased patients, are analyzed. Improvements in computational efficiency and acceleration in convergence are achieved by calculating both an unsteady pressure gradient which is due to fluid acceleration and a good global pressure field correction based on mass flow for the pressure Poisson equation. Applications of the enhanced method to oscillatory flow in curved pipes yield an order of magnitude increase in speed and efficiency, thus allowing the study of more complex flow problems such as flow through the mammalian abdominal aorta at the iliac arteries bifurcation. To analyze the large forces which can exist on stent graft of patients with abdominal aor- tic aneurysm （AAA） disease, a complete derivation of the force equations is presented. The accelerated numerical algorithm and the force equations derived are used to calculate flow and forces for two individuals whose geometry is obtained from CT data and whose respective blood pressure measurements are obtained experimentally. Although the use of endovascular stent grafts in diseased patients can alter vessel geometries, the physical characteristics of stents are still very different when compared to native blood vessels of healthy subjects. The geometry for the AAA stent graph patient studied in this investigation induced flows that resulted in large forces that are primarily caused by the blood pressure. These forces are also directly related to the flow cross-sectional area and the angle of the iliac arteries relative to the main descending aorta. Furthermore, the fluid flow is significantly disturbed in the diseased patient with large flow recirculation and stagnant regions which are not present for healthy subjects.

关键词： numerical computations fluid dynamics stent graphs blood pressure flow pressure

Climate Change, Geopolitics, and Human Settlements in the Hexi Corridor over the Last 5,000 Years

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2020年第3期94卷 612-623页

作者： YANG Liu SHI Zhilin ZHANG Shanjia harry FLEE Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental System(Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China department of and Resource Management The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina

Social responses to climate change over human history have been widely discussed in academia over the last two decades. However, the transformation of the human–environment nexus crossing prehistoric and historic periods and the processes associated with it are not yet clearly understood. In this study, based on published works on radiocarbon dating, archaeobotany, zooarchaeology, and archaeological sites, together with a synthesis of historical documents and highresolution paleoclimatic records, we trace the extent to which human settlement patterns in the Hexi Corridor in northwestern China evolved in conjunction with climate change over the last 5,000 years. A total of 129 Neolithic, 126 Bronze Age, and 1,378 historical sites in the Hexi Corridor(n=1,633) were surveyed. Our results show that, in the Late Neolithic and Bronze Age periods(~2800–100 BC), climate change contributed to the transformation of subsistence strategies and the subsequent changes in human settlement patterns in the Hexi Corridor. The warm-humid climate in ~2800–2000 BC promoted millet agriculture and helped the Majiayao, Banshan, and Machang Cultures to flourish. The cold-dry climate in ~2000–100 BC resulted in the divergence and transformation of subsistence strategies in the Xichengyi–Qijia–Siba and Shajing–Shanma Cultures and in a shift in their settlement patterns. However, in the historical period(121 BC–AD 1911), human settlement patterns were primarily determined by geopolitics related to the alternating rule of regimes and frequent wars, especially in the Sui–Tang dynasties. We also find that trans-Eurasian cultural exchange since ~2000 BC improved social resilience to climate change in the Hexi Corridor, mediating the human–environment nexus there. Our findings may provide insights into how human societies reacted to climate change in arid and semi-arid environments over the long term.

关键词： climate change human-environment nexus historical period trans-Eurasia cultural exchange Neolithic and Bronze Age Hexi Corridor

Searching for a New Identity in a Rapidly Transforming Urban Landscape

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Built Heritage 2017年第2期1卷 41-50页

作者： harry Den Hartog College of Architecture and Urban Planning Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina

This paper gives a critical view on the incredible growth of Shanghai since the *** focuses on the search for a new identity by this metropolis,both in its new town development as well as on the transformation and regeneration of downtown *** explaining the most important planning policies and trends with the help of recent key projects,and analysing how these projects developed over time,the context and challenges of Shanghai’s rapid urban transformation become *** the challenges for urban preservation and quest for an identity in this continuously changing urban landscape will become more *** on these insights recommendations are given on how Shanghai can be exemplary,within China and internationally in terms of urban development,urban regeneration,and becoming a more future-proof *** paper concludes with some trends and future perspectives.

关键词： identity Shanghai transformation urban fabric urban regeneration

Sumozhe Suppressed, Huntuo Halted： An Investigation into the Nature and Stakes of the Cold-Splashing Sogdian Festal Dramas Performed in Early Eighth Century Tang China

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Frontiers of History in China 2017年第2期12卷 262-300页

作者： Norman harry Rothschild department of History University of North Florida Jacksonville FL 32224 USA

This article investigates two specific dramatic elements--the huntuo 浑脱 and the sumozhe 苏摩遮-at the core of the controversial ＂cold-splashing Sogdian plays＂（pohan huxi 泼寒胡戏）. The huntuo could be a felt hat, an oilcloth a pelt headdress, or a theatrical striptease. With deep multicultural roots, the sumozhe （samaja） combined masquerade, ambulatory drama, dance, and music into a boisterous spectacle. In addition to examining the high cultural stakes underlying the public performance and imperial support （or prohibition） of these plays in early eighth century Tang China, this essay proposes a link between these hibernal festal dramas and Turkish Kose plays.

关键词： Nauruz (Nausard) water-splashing Sogdian huntuo Sumozhe,samaja Xuanzong Kose plays Zhang Yue

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深源地震：橄榄石→尖晶石相变诱发断层

地学前缘 1995年第1期2卷 19-25页

作者： harry W. Green,Ⅱ(Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics and department of Earth Sciences,university of California,Riverstde,CA 92521,USA)

７０年代以来，人们已经知道在地球几百公里处有深源地震存在，在这个深处压力和温度不可能使岩石产生脆性剪切断裂。在３００ｋｍ之下，地震出现频率随深度增加而迅速减少，但是在６００ｋｍ处又再次增加，在７００ｋｍ处深源地震停止... 详细信息

７０年代以来，人们已经知道在地球几百公里处有深源地震存在，在这个深处压力和温度不可能使岩石产生脆性剪切断裂。在３００ｋｍ之下，地震出现频率随深度增加而迅速减少，但是在６００ｋｍ处又再次增加，在７００ｋｍ处深源地震停止。五年之前，我们发现这种深源地震与一种新的塑性不稳定性有关。在地球４００ｋｍ处，当上地幔最主要矿物橄榄石（Ｍｇ，Ｆｅ）＿２ＳｉＯ＿４发生相变时会导致一种新的断层类型产生。我们首先利用锗橄榄石Ｍｇ＿２ＧｅＯ＿４，（即晶体结构与镁铁橄榄石相同，而化学成分有所不同，它可以在比较低压力条件下发生相变）进行模拟实验，借以证明在上地幔很高压力条件下橄榄石也会发生相变。这种新的机制叫自组织类的脆性断裂（ｓｅｌｆ─ｏｒｇａｎｉｚｉｎｇｌｉｋｅｂｒｉｔｌｅｆａｉｌｕｒｅ），其特征是：在断层生长过程中会释发地震能量；在由很细尖晶石颗粒组成的“超塑性层”中会发生断层滑移（即所谓显微反向断裂，ｍｉｃｒｏａｎｔｉｃｒａｃｋ）。由这种机制形成的断层只在放热反应过程中产生，它可以用来解释为什么深源地震停止于７００ｋｍ，因为在这个深度，橄榄石到尖晶石相变为下地幔高密度矿物的吸热反应。深源地震的地震学证据与这种新机制是一致的。

关键词：深源地震断层橄榄石尖晶石相变地幔