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Vole preference of bilberry along gradients of simulated moose density and site productivity

Integrative Zoology 2011年第4期6卷 341-351页

作者： Simen pEDERSEN harry p.andreassen Inga-Lill pERSSON Riitta JULKUNEN-TIITTO Kjell DANELL Christina SKARpE Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management Hedmark University CollegeKoppangNorway Department of Biology Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway Department of Wildlife Fish and Environmental StudiesSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUmeåSweden Department of Biology University of Eastern FinlandJoensuuFinland

Browsing by large herbivores might either increase or decrease preference for the plant by other herbivores,depending on the plant *** a cafeteria test,we studied the preference by root voles(Microtus oeconomus[pallas,1776])for bilberry(Vaccinium myrtillus L.)previously subjected to 4 levels of simulated moose(Alces alces[Linnaeus,1758])*** different levels of moose density were simulated at population densities relevant for Fennoscandian conditions,in exclosures situated along a site productivity *** expected:(i)voles to prefer bilberry from high productivity sites over low productivity sites;(ii)voles to prefer browsed bilberry,if plants allocate resources to compensatory growth or to avoid browsed bilberry if plants allocate resources to defense;(iii)these effects to increase with increasing simulated moose density;and(iv)the concentration of plant chemicals and the plant morphology to explain vole ***,we predicted that voles would prefer:(i)plants with high nitrogen content;(ii)plants with low content of defensive substances;and(iii)tall plants with long *** preferred bilberry from the high productivity sites compared to the low productivity *** also found an interaction between site productivity and simulated moose density,where voles preferred unbrowsed plants at low productivity sites and intermediate levels of browsing at high productivity *** was no effect of plant chemistry or morphology on vole *** conclude that moose browsing impacts the food preference of *** the current high densities of moose in Fennoscandia,this could potentially influence vole food selection and population dynamics over large geographical areas.

关键词： browsing cervid herbivory induced defense Microtus

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Bile acids,gut microbiota,and therapeutic insights in hepatocellular carcinoma

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第2期21卷 144-162页

作者： Yang Song harry CH Lau Xiang Zhang Jun Yu Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics State Key Laboratory of Digestive DiseaseLi Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesCUHK Shenzhen Research InstituteThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Gastroenterology Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361004China

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a prevalent and aggressive liver *** interplay between bile acids(BAs)and the gut microbiota has emerged as a critical factor in HCC development and *** normal conditions,BA metabolism is tightly regulated through a bidirectional interplay between gut microorganisms and *** gut microbiota plays a critical role in BA metabolism,and BAs are endogenous signaling molecules that help maintain liver and intestinal *** note,dysbiotic changes in the gut microbiota during pathogenesis and cancer development can disrupt BA homeostasis,thereby leading to liver inflammation and fibrosis,and ultimately contributing to HCC ***,understanding the intricate interplay between BAs and the gut microbiota is crucial for elucidating the mechanisms underlying *** this review,we comprehensively explore the roles and functions of BA metabolism,with a focus on the interactions between BAs and gut microorganisms in ***,therapeutic strategies targeting BA metabolism and the gut microbiota are discussed,including the use of BA agonists/antagonists,probiotic/prebiotic and dietary interventions,fecal microbiota transplantation,and engineered *** summary,understanding the complex BA-microbiota crosstalk can provide valuable insights into HCC development and facilitate the development of innovative therapeutic approaches for liver malignancy.

关键词： Bile acid gut microbiota hepatocellular carcinoma therapeutics microbiota modulation

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Geophysical fluid dynamics in the hypergravity field

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2024年第6期40卷 3-10页

作者： harry Yeh School of Civil&Construction Engineering Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR97331USA

Hypergravity can be realized by creating a field imposed by centripetal acceleration in a centrifuge *** an apparatus is often used to test soil response in geotechnical engineering *** we present the potential usage of a centrifuge apparatus to study various topics in *** scaling law associated with hydrodynamics is first reviewed,and the advantage of controlling the body force is *** of the perceived disadvantages in such experiments is the unwanted presence of the Coriolis effect in the ***,we propose exploiting this effect to our advantage to study geophysical fluid-dynamic problems that occur particularly in the equatorial region.

关键词： Hypergravity Scaling Geophysical fluid dynamics Centrifuge

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The Artificial Disc Nucleus and Other Strategies for Replacement of the Nucleus pulposus:past,present and Future Designs for an Emerging Surgical Solution

Engineered Regeneration

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Engineered Regeneration 2024年第2期5卷 269-281页

作者： Greg Sacks Vincent DeStefano Claire parker Ryan Lebens harry Mushlin Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University Stony BrookNYUSA

Nucleus pulposus(Np)Replacement is a developing surgical methodology for the treatment of pathology related to degeneration of intervertebral discs(IVDs).This article provides necessary context regarding the patholo-gies treated with this technology,the biomechanical structure and function of the IVD,and the procedures this technology aims to ***,it provides an overview and discussion of commercial and experimental preformed and in situ curing prosthesis designs reported in the scientific literature and summarizes the results of biomechanical and clinical studies evaluating their *** and updated information on the most recent research into Np replacement with novel hydrogel and tissue engineering(TE)strategies is *** of the Np allows for potential improvement in the treatment of degenerative spinal pathologies through minimally invasive surgical techniques.

关键词： Nucleus pulposus Intradiscal prosthesis Hydrogel Artificial Disc Implant Spine Surgery

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Assessment of corrected time-step method for nominal ionospheric gradient calculation: A comparative analysis with spatial approaches

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Earth and planetary physics 2024年第4期8卷 641-649页

作者： Slamet Supriadi prayitno Abadi Susumu Saito harry Bangkit Dwiko Unggul prabowo Adi purwono Ginaldi Ari Nugroho Research Center for Smart Mechatronics National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)BandungIndonesia Research Center for Climate and Atmosphere BRINBandungIndonesia School of Electrical Engineering Telkom UniversityKab.BandungIndonesia Electronic Navigation Research Institute National Institute of MaritimePort and Aviation TechnologyTokyoJapan Research Center for Space BRINBandungIndonesia

The effect of ionospheric delay on the ground-based augmentation system under normal conditions can be mitigated by determining the value of the nominal ionospheric gradient(σvig).The nominal ionospheric gradient is generally obtained from Continuously Operating Reference Stations data by using the spatial single-difference method(mixed-pair,station-pair,or satellite-pair)or the temporal single-difference method(time-step).The time-step method uses only a single receiver,but it still contains ionospheric temporal *** introduce a corrected time-step method using a fixed-ionospheric pierce point from the geostationary equatorial orbit satellite and test it through simulations based on the global ionospheric *** also investigate the effect of satellite paths on the corrected time-step method in the region of the equator,which tends to be in a more north–south direction and to have less coverage for the east–west ionospheric *** study also addresses the limitations of temporal variation correction coverage and recommends using only the correction from *** processes are developed under simulations because observational data are still difficult to *** findings demonstrate that the corrected time-step method yieldsσvig values consistent with other approaches.

关键词： ground-based augmentation system nominal ionospheric gradient time-step correction global ionospheric model

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大型动物的种群恢复:大象种群增长的生态学效应

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AMBIO－人类环境杂志 2004年第6期33卷 254-260页

作者： Christina Skarpe per Arild Aarrestad harry p.andreassen Shivcharn S.Dhillion Thatayaone Dimakatso Johan T.duToit Duncan J.Halley Hkan Hytteborn Shimane Makhabu Moses Mari Wilson Marokane Gaseitsiwe Masunga Ditshoswane Modise(+) Stein R.Moe Rapelang Mojaphoko David Mosugelo Sekgowa Motsumi Gosiame Neo-Mahupeleng Mpho Ramotadima Lucas Rutina Lettie Sechele Thato B.Sejoe Sigbjφrn Stokke Jon E.Swenson Cyril Taolo Mark Vandewalle per Wegge 周立志 Norwegian Institute for Nature Research Tungasletta 2N-7485 TrondheimNorway

博茨瓦纳北部及其毗邻地区分布着世界上最大的非洲象种群(Loxodonta africana),而在100年前,由于过度捕猎,大象的种群数量极为稀少。与此同时,有蹄类由于疾病,种群数量严重下降。大型草食性动物种群数量降低的生态学效应一定是显著的,... 详细信息

博茨瓦纳北部及其毗邻地区分布着世界上最大的非洲象种群(Loxodonta africana),而在100年前,由于过度捕猎,大象的种群数量极为稀少。与此同时,有蹄类由于疾病,种群数量严重下降。大型草食性动物种群数量降低的生态学效应一定是显著的,但我们却知之甚少,不过,目前博茨瓦纳大象种群数量上升之后产生的生态系统变化却引起人们相当大的关注。调查大象种群和其它生态系统组分及过程相互作用的项目"BONIC"就是的基于这种背景。调查结果表明,生态系统随着大象和其它有蹄类的种群数量的增长而发生变化,并且可能向着原先大型草食性动物数量减少之前的方向变化。我们认为人为地改变大象的种群数量没有生态学理由,但控制大象数量有经济和社会道理,而且博茨瓦纳北部大象的分布区可能必须要受到人为限制。

关键词：大象种群数量草食性动物生态系统有蹄类博茨瓦纳贝专纳种群恢复黑斑羚取食压力生态学效应种群增长

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polar Models of Culture-Regressivism Versus progressivism

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Cultural and Religious Studies 2024年第4期12卷 193-209页

作者： harry W.Adams prairie View A&M University TXUSA

The culture wars that simmer within any nation may have been escalating recently;but regardless of their national settings or milieus,many of these wars are informed by two opposing paradigms of *** paper analyzes two of these leading paradigms,designated here as Regressivism and *** theorists have long chronicled the differing strengths and weaknesses of these paradigms,taking the former as expressing more conservative,traditional,and nationalistic values,and the latter as expressing more liberal,pluralistic,and cosmopolitan *** beyond these perennial distinctions,I argue that progressivism is more benign and beneficial than the former-by meeting basic human needs better and supporting more effective adaptation to changing exigencies.I also argue that progressivism does not express merely subjective or relativistic preferences and values,but objectively preferable and quantifiable ones,that benefit not only our personal lives more but also our global village and communal lives more.

关键词： cultural pluralism conservatism nationalism cosmopolitanism communitarianism

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Corrosion Test of the Steel plate in a WJ-8 Fastener for High Speed Rail

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2024年第1期14卷 16-30页

作者： Zhiyong Wang Zhiping Zeng Hualiang (harry) Teng Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Nevada Las Vegas USA School of Civil Engineering Central South University Changsha China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction University of Nevada Las Vegas USA

It was found that the steel plate in the composite plate in the WJ-8 fastener used in high speed rail is rusty. The objective of this study is to test the zinc coating of the steel plate. A literature review was conducted to identify the zinc coating techniques, and the companies that can provide different coating service was identified. A salt fog chamber was built that was in compliance with the ANSI B117 code, and the steel plates that were coated by the identified companies were tested using the salt fog chamber. The results indicated that the coating technique that had the best performance in preventing corrosion was the Greenkote plates with passivation. The galvanized option had the roughest coating layer, and it was the most reactive in the salt water solution. This makes it non-ideal for the dynamic rail environment because the increased friction of the plate could damage the supports, especially during extreme temperatures that would cause the rail to expand or contract. Greenkote with phosphate and ArmorGalv also provided increased corrosion prevention with a smooth, strong finish, but it had more rust on the surface area than the Greenkote with ELU passivation. The ArmorGalv sample had more rust on the surface area than the Greenkote samples. This may not be a weakness in the ArmorGalv process;rather, it likely was the result of this particular sample not having the added protection of a colored coating.

关键词： Steel plate for High Speed Rail Fastening Steel Corrosion Zinc Coating Salt-Fog Chamber

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Amelioration of habitat since the early Holocene contributed to the origin of agriculture in the farming-pastoral zone of northern China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第8期67卷 2535-2546页

作者： Xin JIA Zhiping ZHANG Yonggang SUN Runqi JIANG Shuangwen YI Wei CHEN Jue SUN Guoqiang LI Shuzhi WANG Enrui LI Xiaonong HU Qingchun BAO harry F.LEE Huayu LU Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application Nanjing 210023China Schlool of History and Culture Chifeng UniversityChifeng 024000China School of Geography and Ocean Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory of palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and PalaeontologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Institute of Archaeology Chinese Academy of Social SciencesBeijing 100710China Ulanqab Museum Ulanqab 012000China The Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology Hohhot 010011China Department of Geography and Resource Management The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment(Ministry of Education of pRC) Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China School of Geography Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Institute of Environmental Archaeology Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China

The origin of agriculture in the farming-pastoral zone of northern China remains in *** central region of the Inner Mongolia plateau is located in the core area of the farming-pastoral zone;thus,it is a critical region for exploring the origin of the dryland farming system in northern *** study selected the Yumin Site and Banan Site,which belong to the Yumin Culture-the beginning of Neolithic culture in Inner Mongolia-as the research *** on the quartz optically stimulated luminescence(OSL)dating on the sedimentary sections from the Yumin site(YM)and Banan site(BN1 and BN2),the Holocene chronology framework of each section was *** that,by identifying carbonized grains in the Yumin site and the multi-proxy analysis of each section,we investigated the relationship between the origin of agriculture and climate change in this *** results revealed that the timing of the origin of agriculture recorded in the Yumin site lagged behind the timing of a significant increase of precipitation during the early Holocene but coincided with the timing of a significant increase of vegetation around 8.4 *** phenomenon was further confirmed by the published high-resolution paleoenvironmental records from the surrounding area of the Yumin *** propose that with the gradual amelioration of hydrothermal conditions since the beginning of the Holocene,the regional ecosystem had been improved,resulting in the gradual conversion of the land surface from infertile sand to organic-rich soil,providing an appropriate environmental foundation for the origin of dryland farming in northern China around 8.4 *** study highlighted that the“accumulative environmental effects”during the early Holocene played a vital role in the origin of agriculture in northern China and provided a reference for agricultural management in the context of future climate change.

关键词： Origin of agriculture Accumulative environmental effects Yumin Culture Northern China Holocene

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马克斯·布朗利:YouTube的网红测评员

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空中英语教室（高级版．彭蒙惠英语） 2024年第6期 30-31,48,49页

作者： harry McCracken 不详

马克斯·布朗利把我带进他的机器人房间,在那里我与“巨人”面对面。那是一个物如其名、价值25万美元的机械手臂,它气势磅,但又不失优雅,高高地算立在那位身高六尺三寸(约190厘米)的主人面前,他正带我参观位于新泽西州卡尼镇的工作室。

关键词：机械手臂机器人工作室布朗利 YouTube 新泽西州面对面

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