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Experience and lessons from health impact assessment guiding prevention and control of HIV/AIDS in a copper mine project,northwestern Zambia

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 1023-1033页

作者： Astrid M.Knoblauch Mark J.Divall Milka Owuor Kennedy Nduna harrison ng’uni Gertrude Musunka Anna Pascall Jürg Utzinger Mirko S.Winkler Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute P.O.BoxCH-4002 BaselSwitzerland university of Basel P.O.BoxCH-4003 BaselSwitzerland SHAPE Consulting Ltd. GY12 St Peter PortChannel IslandsGuernseyUK Solwezi District Health Management Team 40100 SolweziZambia First Quantum Minerals Limited 10100 LusakaZambia

Background:To avoid or mitigate potential project-related adverse health effects,the Trident copper project in Kalumbila,northwestern Zambia,commissioned a health impact *** was identified a priority health issue based on the local vulnerability to HIV transmission and experience from other mining projects in ***,an HIV/AIDS management plan was developed,including community and workplace interventions,with HIV testing and counselling(HTC)being one of the key *** present trends in HTC data over a 4-year ***:In 13 communities affected by the Trident project,HTC was implemented from 2012 onwards,using rapid diagnostic tests,accompanied by pre-and post-test counselling through trained *** addition,HTC was initiated in the project workforce in 2013,coinciding with the launch of the mine *** uptake and HIV positivity rates were assessed in the study population and linked to demographic factors using regression ***:In total,11,638 community members and 5564 workers have taken up HTC with an increase over *** HIV positivity rate in the community was 3.0%in 2012 and 3.4%in 2015,while positivity rate in the workforce was 5.2%in 2013 and 4.3%in *** showed a significantly higher odds of having a positive test result than males(odds ratio(OR)=1.96,95%confidence interval(CI):1.55-2.50 among women in the community and OR=2.90,95%CI:1.74-4.84 among women in the workforce).HTC users in the 35-49 years age group were most affected by HIV,with an average positivity rate of 6.6%in the community sample and 7.9%in the workforce *** study groups had 4.50 and 4.95 higher odds of being positive,respectively,compared to their younger counterparts(15-24 years).Conclusions:While HTC uptake increased five-fold in the community and almost three-fold in the workplace,the HIV positivity rates were insignificantly higher in 2015 compared to *** data can be used alongside other surveillance data to

关键词： Community health management Health impact assessment HIV Mining Occupational health Sexually transmitted infections Zambia

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Nutritional stimulation by in-ovo feeding modulates cellular proliferation and differentiation in the small intestinal epithelium of chicks

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第1期8卷 91-101页

作者： Naama Reicher Tal Melkman-Zehavi Jonathan Dayan Eric AWong Zehava uni Department of Animal Science The Robert H.SmithFaculty of AgricultureFood and EnvironmentThe Hebrew University of JerusalemRehovot 76100Israel Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences Virginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061USA

Nutritional stimulation of the developing small intestine of chick embryos can be conducted by in-ovo feeding(IOF).We hypothesized that IOF of glutamine and leucine can enhance small intestinal development by promoting proliferation and differentiation of multipotent small intestinal epithelial *** embryos(n=128)were subject to IOF of glutamine(IOF-Gln),leucine(IOF-Leu),NaCl(IOF-NaCl)or no injection(control)at embryonic d 17(E 17).Multipotent,progenitor and differentiated cells were located and quantified in the small intestinal epithelium between E 17 and d 7 after hatch(D 7)in all treatment groups by immunofluorescence of SRY-box transcription factor 9(Sox9)and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA),in-situ hybridization of leucine-rich repeat containing G-protein coupled receptor 5(Lgr5)and peptide transporter 1(PepT1)and histochemical goblet cell *** effects of IOF treatments at E 19(48 h post-IOF),in comparison to control embryos,were as follows:total cell counts increased by 40%,33%and 19%,and multipotent cell counts increased by 52%,50%and 38%,in IOF-Gln,IOF-Leu and IOF-NaCl embryos,*** IOF-Gln embryos exhibited a significance,36%increase in progenitor cell *** IOF treatments shifted Lgr5+ stem cell localizations to villus *** differentiated,PepT1+region of the villi was 1.9 and 1.3-fold longer in IOF-Gln and IOF-Leu embryos,respectively,while goblet cell densities decreased by 20%in IOF-Gln ***,crypt and villi epithelial cell counts were significantly higher IOF-Gln chicks,compared to control chicks(Png the peri-hatch period by promoting multipotent cell proliferation and differentiation,resulting in enhanced compartmentalization of multipotent and differentiated cell niches and expansions of the absorptive surface area.

关键词： Chick Intestinal development Proliferation Differentiation Multipotent cells In-ovo feeding

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Prevalence and genetic divergence of Leptospira interrogans and Leptospira borgpetersenii in house rats(Rattus rattus) from Peninsular Malaysia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2019年第10期12卷 463-471页

作者： Nurul Huda Mohamad Ikbal Subha Bhassu Khanom Simarani Shigehiko uni Chew Chin Chan Hasmahzaiti Omar Institute of Biological Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia

Objective:To evaluate the prevalence and divergence of genetically identified Leptospira *** the population of Rattus ***:A total of 130 rats were used in this *** infection within the rats were screened using polymerase chain reaction(PCR)-based diagnosis,with Leptospira genusspecific 16 S r RNA primer and pathogenic Leptospira *** Lip L32 primer,on both kidney and liver tissues of Rattus rattus to detect the presence of potential Leptospira ***:Out of 130 rats studied,51(39.23%)individuals were positive for leptospiral *** Local Alignment Search Tool(BLAST)and phylogenetic analysis revealed that both pathogenic Leptospira interrogans and Leptospira borgpetersenii were predominantly ***,both genes disclosed similar clustering patterns of tree topologies between the two *** both genes were conserved,Lip L32 gene portrayed higher nucleotide divergence(5.80%)compared to the 16 S r RNA gene(0.60%).Minimum-spanning network displayed several haplotypes that are unique to each species,suggesting a higher degree of subdivision between both *** for prevalence surveillance,both adult and subadult rats were susceptible to the infection,in which males were the most *** was notable as the favourable organ for colonisation of *** captured from fresh markets were highly infected with Leptospira spp.(54.28%)compared to those from housing areas(26.47%).Conclusions:Rattus rattus represents an important asymptomatic transmitter of pathogenic leptospires,and hence is of public health concerns.

关键词： Pathogenic leptospires Public health PCR Molecular diagnostic Zoonotic

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Energy Band Structure of Alq_3/TCAQ Heterostructure Complex Film Determined by Surface Photovoltage Spectroscopy(SPS)

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Chemical Research in Chinese universities 2000年第4期16卷 328-333页

作者： CAO Ya-an, SOng Qing, MEng Qing-ju, CAO Chang-sheng CHEN Chun-hai, BAI Yu-bai, LI Tie-jin and YAO Jian-nian (Center for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China Department of Chemistry, Jilin uni 中科院化学所北京 100101 吉林大学吉林长春 130023

8-Hydroxyquinoling aluminum (Alq3) and 11, 11, 12, 12-tetracyano-9, 10-anthraquino dimethane(TCAQ) monolayer films and their heterostructure complex films were prepared by a vacuum deposition method. By means of surface photovoltage spectroscopy (SPS) and electric field-induced surface photovoltage spectroscopy (EFISPS), the band gaps of TCAQ and Alq3 monolayer films and the properties of the Alq3/TCAQ bilayer film were investigated. By analysing the mechanism and the results of the SPS and the EFISPS, a reasonable energy band structure of the Alq3/TCAQ complex film was roughly determined.

关键词： Alq_3 TCAQ Complex film SPS Energy band structure

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Exploring cyclic changes of the ocean carbon reservoir

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第23期48卷 2536-2548页

作者： WAng Pinxian, TIAN Jun, CHEng Xinrong, LIU Quanlian & XU Jian Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Ministry of Education, Tongji uni-versity, Shanghai 200092, China Key Laboratory of Marine Geology Ministry of Education Tongji University

A 5-Ma record from ODP Site 1143 has re-vealed the long-term cycles of 400—500 ka in the carbon isotope variations. The periodicity is correlatable all over the global ocean and hence indicative of low-frequency changes in the ocean carbon reservoir. As the same periodicity is also found in carbonate and eolian dust records in the tropical ocean, it may have been caused by such low-latitude proc-esses like monsoon. According to the Quaternary records from Site 1143 and elsewhere, major ice-sheet expansion and major transition in glacial cyclicity (such as the Mid-Brunhes Event and the Mid-Pleistocene Revolution ) were all pre-ceded by reorganization in the ocean carbon reservoir ex-pressed as an episode of carbon isotope maximum (d 13Cmax), implying the role of carbon cycling in modulating the glacial periodicity. The Quaternary glacial cycles, therefore, should no more be ascribed to the physical response to insolation changes at the Northern Hemisphere high latitudes alone; rather, they have been driven by the 揹ouble forcing? a combination of processes at both high and low latitudes, and of processes in both physical (ice-sheet) and biogeochemical (carbon cycling) realms. As the Earth is now passing through a new carbon isotope maximum, it is of vital impor-tance to understand the cyclic variations in the ocean carbon reservoir and its climate impact. The Pre-Quaternary varia-tions in carbon and oxygen isotopes are characterized by their co-variations at the 400-ka eccentricity band, but the response of d 13C and d 18O to orbital forcing in the Quater-nary became diverged with the growth of the Arctic ice-sheet. The present paper is the second summary report of ODP Leg 184 to the South China Sea.

关键词：海洋 ODP 海洋钻探工程碳循环南中国海地层学

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Simultaneously catalytic removal of NOx and particulate matter on diesel particulate filter

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第3期48卷 305-308页

作者： LIU Guanghui, HUAng Zhen, SHAngGUAN Wenfeng & YAN Cunxian School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong uni-versity, Shanghai 200030, China School of Mechanical and Power Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200030 China

The simultaneous removal of NOx and particu-late matter (PM) exhausted from diesel engine was studied with a diesel particulate filter (DPF) on which a mixed metal oxide catalyst, Cu0.95K0.05Fe2O4 was loaded. The NOx reduc-tion was observed in the same temperature range of the CO2 formation, implying the occurrence of the simultaneous re-moval of NOx and PM in an oxidizing atmosphere. It was shown that SOF and soot in PM are attributed to the reduc-tion of NOx at lower and higher temperatures, respectively. The oxidation of PM was enhanced by the coexistence of NO and O2. The ignition and exhaustion temperatures of PM decrease as the order NO>O2>NO+O2. This is a combined process of PM trapping as well as the catalytic reactions of soot oxidation and NOx reduction, promising the most de-sirable after-treatment of diesel exhausts.

关键词：柴油机 NOx 颗粒物同时催化去除排气净化过滤器金属氧化物催化剂

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Automatic GPRS Rainfall Detecting Set Based on P89C669

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微计算机信息 2005年第19期 94-96页

作者： (Electronic Engineering Department,Dongguan uni-versity of technology,Dongguan 523808,China) Yang,Lei Wu,Kun

A new kind of remote and automatic GPRS rainfalldetecting network system is established and developed. As themain unit of the network system, automatic rainfall detecting setbased on P89C669 is used to acquire rainfall information auto-matically. GPRS station, combined with mobile wireless commu-nication and internet technology is used to achieve the objectiveof dynamically share and display the meteorological informationvia internet.

关键词： P89C552 GPRS automatic rainfall detecting sys-tem data acquisition.

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The Advancement of the New Technoloey Revolution of Agriculture in Hunan

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Hunan Agricultural Science ＆ Technology Newsletter 2001年第1期2卷 4-5页

作者： Luo Wencui at Hunan Agr.uni

Strategic Target We are committed to establishing a perfect, effi-cient innovation system, an investment system, anextension system and a personnel training systemfrom now on to the year 2030, establishing an infor-mation network in line with the development of agri-culture and rural economy, and the rapid diffusion ofagricultural technology, providing a strong technolo-

关键词：湖南农业科技发展目标种苗工程农产品加工政策技术创新多元化投入农民素质

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一种基于颜色统计聚类的医学图像检索技术

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计算机工程与应用 2004年第5期40卷 40-41,54页

作者：陈希超夏顺仁浙江大学生物医学工程学系杭州310027

基于颜色检索的基本思想是将图像间的距离归结为其颜色直方图间的相似性度量,从而图像检索也就转化为颜色直方图的匹配。目前基于颜色检索的算法主要集中在不同颜色空间进行全局颜色聚类或融合其他可视特征(纹理,颜色空间信息等)联合检... 详细信息

基于颜色检索的基本思想是将图像间的距离归结为其颜色直方图间的相似性度量,从而图像检索也就转化为颜色直方图的匹配。目前基于颜色检索的算法主要集中在不同颜色空间进行全局颜色聚类或融合其他可视特征(纹理,颜色空间信息等)联合检索两个方向上。该文在具体的结肠镜图像检索系统研究中,根据医学图像的特点,提出一种在HSV空间的颜色统计聚类的检索方法,取得了良好的检索效果。

关键词：医学图像检索颜色统计聚类 HSV颜色空间

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Treatments for Temnocephalids Ectosymbiont Craspedella sp. on Cherax quadricarinatus and Cherax albertisii “Papua Freshwater Lobster”

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2015年第4期3卷 48-54页

作者： Desy Sugiani Angela Mariana Lusiastuti Taukhid uni Purwaningsih Research Institute for Freshwater Aquaculture Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Bogor Indonesia

There were two species of crayfish “red-claw” (Cherax quadricarinatus) and “blue-huna” (Cherax albertisii) for their aquaculture potential. Crayfish were susceptible to fungal (crawfish plague), parasitic (protozoa and nematodes), and bacterial pathogen. A number of ectosymbiont Craspedella sp. have been observed on red-claw and blue-huna. The flatworms were commonly found almost in the whole body, on the upper exoskeleton behind the head, in the gill cavity and on the claws and underside of crayfish. Although their number sometimes was very high, they didn’t cause any problems especially for the new molting crayfish. Micro organisms living on the crayfish surface body and worms didn’t cause any pathological changes. Adults Craspedella sp. can be eliminated by a short bath in salt water or formaldehyde 37% solutions for several hours. This treatment didn’t kill worm eggs, so it needs to be repeated every one week. Moreover, hyposalinity or OST (Osmotic Shock Therapy) is one of the most effective therapies for ectoparasites on Craspedella sp. with dose of bath treatment 15 grams per litre of salt (15 ppt) for more than 3 hours, and dipped in salt water at 30 ppt (or 3.0 ppm, seawater salinity) for 15 - 20 minutes.

关键词： Craspedella sp. Cherax quadricarinatus Cherax albertisii Treatment

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