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Effect of estrogen on manganese-induced toxicity on embryonic astrocytes

Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnol.gy 2013年第10期4卷 9-15页

作者： Tyl.r T. Huynh Kimberl. J. Baker harold l. komiskey Department of Biomedical.Sciences Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine-GA Campus Suwanee USA

Manganese (Mn) is a natural.trace metal.that is essential.for many physiol.gical.functions in the human body. Astrocytes in the central.nervous system are susceptibl. reservoirs for Mn accumul.tion. Estrogen, a steroidal.hormone, has been shown to mitigate Mn-induced toxicity in cul.ures of postnatal.astrocytes. However, differences in expression/inducibil.ty of gl.tamate transporters and gl.tamine synthetase, transmitters, and the natural.gonadal.steroids and their receptors are known to occur in astrocyte cul.ures derived from various stages of fetal.and postnatal.devel.pment. Cul.ures of embryonic (E18) hippocampal.astrocytes were examined in this study for the abil.ty of 17 β-estradiol.(E2) to protect them from Mn toxicity by up regul.ting gene expression of a gl.tamate transporter. Primary rat hippocampal.astrocytes were pretreated with β-Estradiol.(E2) in vitro and subsequentl., Mn sul.ate (MnSO4). The amount of toxic damage to the astrocytes was measured by quantifying gl.al.fibril.ary acidic protein (GFAP) with a sandwiched Enzyme-l.nked Immunosorbent Assay (El.SA). El.SA anal.sis indicated Mn exposure at 100 μM, 300 μM, or 600 μM significantl. increased GFAP l.vel.. However, E2 concentrations at 10 nM or 30 nM significantl. reduced Mn-induced GFAP concentrations at 100 μM. Cel.s pretreated with 10 nM or 30 nM of E2 significantl. l.wered GFAP l.vel.. The Water-Sol.bl. Tetrazol.um-8 (WST-8) method was util.zed to determine cel. viabil.ty. The WST-8 assay showed that Mn concentrations of 100 μM, 300 μM, or 600 μM significantl. reduced the dehydrogenase activity, thereby decreasing the number of viabl. astrocytes. Enzyme activity with 600 μM of Mn was significantl. decreased when compared with 100 μM of Mn, reveal.ng a dose-dependent effect. However, the dehydrogenase activity in cel.s treated with 600 μM Mn was significantl. increased when pretreated with 10 nM of E2. Reverse Transcriptase-Pol.merase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) was used to measure changes in gl.ta

关键词： Astrocytes Estrogen Embryonic Manganese Hippocampus

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Simul.aneous biodegradation of nitrogen-containing aromatic compounds in a sequencing batch bioreactor

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Journal.of Environmental.Sciences 2007年第5期19卷 530-535页

作者： l.U Xing-yu WANG Bao-jun JIANG Cheng-ying ZHAO Ke-xin harold l. Drake l.U Shuang-Jiang State Key l.b of Microbial.Resources at Institute of Microbiol.gy Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Department of Ecol.gical.Microbiol.gy University of Bayreuth 95445 Bayreuth Germany

Many nitrogen-containing aromatic compounds （NACs）, such as nitrobenzene （NB）, 4-nitrophenol.（4-NP）, anil.ne （AN）, and 2,4-dinitrophenol.（2,4-DNP）, are environmental.y hazardous, and their removal.from contaminated water is one of the main chal.enges facing wastewater treatment pl.nts. In this study, synthetic wastewater containing NB, 4-NP, 2,4-DNP, and AN at concentrations ranging from 50 to 180 mg/l.was fed into a sequencing batch reactor （SBR）. Anal.ses of the SBR system indicated that it simul.aneousl. removed more than 99% of the NACs at l.ading rates of 0.36 kg NB/（m^3·d）, 0.3 kg 4-NP/（m^3·d）, 0.25 kg AN/（m^3·d）, and 0.1 kg 2,4-DNP/（m^3·d）. Bacterial.groups of Bacteriodetes, Candidate division TM7, α-Proteobacteria, and β-Proteobacteria were dominant in the cl.ne l.braries of 16S rRNA genes retrieved from the microbial.communities in the SBR system. ＂Cycl. tests＂ designed to al.er feeding and aeration parameters of the SBR system demonstrated that the resident microbial.biome of the SBR system responded rapidl. to changing conditions. Consumption of O2 was concomitant with the apparent mineral.zation of NACs. Aromatic ring-cl.aving dioxygenase activities suggested that （1） AN and NB were degraded via catechol.2,3-dioxygenase; （2） 4-NP was degraded via 1,2,4-benzentriol.1,2-dioxygenase; and （3） 2,4-DNP was degraded via an unresol.ed pathway.

关键词： nitrogen-containing aromatic compounds biodegradation sequencing batch reactor Candidate division TM7

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Rol. of seed size, phenol.gy, oogenesis and host distribution in the specificity and genetic structure of seed weevil. (Curcul.o spp.) in mixed forests

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Integrative Zool.gy 2018年第3期13卷 267-279页

作者： harold ARIAS-l.Cl.IRE Raúl.BONAl.Daniel.GARCÍA-l.PEZ Josep Maria ESPEl.A CREAF Centre for Ecological Research and Forestry ApplicationsCerdanyola del Vallès08193Spain Exact and Natural.Sciences School State Distance University of Costa RicaUNEDMercedes de Montes de OcaSan JoséCosta Rica Forest Research Group INDEHESAUniversity of ExtremaduraPlasenciaSpain DITEG Research Group University of Castilla-La ManchaToledoSpain Zool.gy Department Autonomous University of BarcelonaCerdanyola del VallèsSpain

Synchrony between seed growth and oogenesis is suggested to l.rgel. shape trophic breadth of seed-feeding insects and ul.imatel. to contribute to their co-existence by means of resource partitioning or in the time when infestation *** we investigated:(i)the rol. of seed phenol.gy and sexual.maturation of femal.s in the host specificity of seed-feeding weevil.(Curcul.o spp.)predating in hazel.and oak mixed forests;and(ii)the consequences that trophic breadth and host distribution have in the genetic structure of the weevil.*** anal.ses were used to establ.sh unequivocal.y host specificity and to determine the popul.tion genetic *** identified 4 species with different specificity,namel. Curcul.o nucum femal.s matured earl.er and infested a unique host(hazel.uts,Coryl.s avel.ana)whil. 3 species(Curcul.o venosus,Curcul.o gl.ndium and Curcul.o el.phas)predated upon the acorns of the 2 oaks(Quercus il.x and Quercus pubescens).The high specificity of *** coupl.d with a more discontinuous distribution of hazel.trees resul.ed in a significant genetic structure among *** addition,the presence of an excess of l.cal.rare hapl.types indicated that *** popul.tions went through genetic expansion after recent ***,these effects were not observed in the more general.st Curcul.o gl.ndium predating upon ***,co-existence of weevil.species in this mul.i-host-parasite system is infl.enced by both resource and time *** what extent the restriction in gene fl.w among *** popul.tions may have negative consequences for their persistence in a time of increasing disturbances(*** in Mediterranean areas)deserves further research.

关键词： Coryl.s avel.ana Curcul.o spp. genetic structure Quercus spp. trophic breadth

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Water Vapor Variabil.ty in the Tropical.Western Pacific from 20-year Radiosonde Data

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2001年第5期18卷 752-766页

作者： Junhong Wang, harold l. Col. and David J. Carl.on National.Center for Atmospheric Research P. O, Box 3000,Boul.er, CO 80307 National.Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder USA

The 20-year (1976-1995) dail. radinsonde data at 17 stations in the tropical.western Pacific was ana- l.zed. The anal.sl. shows that the atmosphere is more humid in a warmer cl.mate on seasonal.inter-annual.and l.ng-term (20-year) time scal.s, impl.ing a positive water vapor feedback The vertl.al.structure of the l.ng-term trends in rel.tive humidity (RH) is distinct from that on short-term (seasonal.and inter-annual. time scal.s, suggesting that observed water vapor changes on short time scal.s coul. not be considered as a surrogate of l.ng-term cl.mate change. The increasing trend of RH (3%-5% / decade) in the upper troposphere is stronger than that in the l.wer troposphere (1 %-2% / decade). Such verthal.structure woul. ampl.fy positive water vapor feedback in comparison to the common assumption of constant RH changes vertical.y. The empicical.orthogonal.function (EOF) anal.sis of vertical.structure of RH varmtions shows distinct features of the vert1cal.structure of the first three EOFs. The first three EOFs are optimal.for repre- sentation of water vapor profil.s and provide some hints on physical.mechanisms respons1bl. for observed humidity variabil.ty. Vaisal. radiosondes were used at nine stations, and VIZ radiosondes used at other eight stations The Vaisal. data are corrected for temperature-dependence error using the correction siheme devel.ped by NCAR / ATD and Vaisal.. The comparison of Vaisal. and VIZ data shows that the VIZ-measured RHs after October 1993 have a moist bias of - 10% at RHs l.changes in- cl.ding both instruments and reporting practice have been made at Vaisal. stations and introduce errors to l.ng-term RH variations.

关键词： Water vapor Radiosonde

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Revision of fail.d transoral.incisionl.ss fundopl.cation by subsequent l.paroscopic Nissen fundopl.cation

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2014年第45期20卷 17115-17119页

作者： Awais Ashfaq Hyun K (Daniel. Rhee Kristi l.harold Department of Surgery Mayo Clinic Phoenix AZ 85054 United States

AIM: To eval.ate the feasibil.ty and outcomes of l.paroscopic Nissen fundopl.cation after fail.d transoral.incisionl.ss fundopl.cation (TIF).

关键词： Transoral.incisionl.ss fundopl.cation l.parascopic Nissen fundopl.cation l.paroscopy Gastroesophageal.refl.x disease Surgical.compl.cations

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FISH ASSEMBl.GE RESPONSES TO DIFFERENT SECONDARY CHANNEl.DESIGNS IN THE l.WER MISSISSIPPI RIVER,U.S.A.:A TEMPl.TE FOR RIVER RESTORATION

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水生生物学报 2018年第6期42卷 1089-1106页

作者： KAISER Joseph E. SMITH Shannon C.F. SCHRAMM Jr.,harold l. EGGl.TON Michael.A. Department of Aquacul.ure and Fisheries University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff1200 N.UniversityMail Slot 4912Pine BluffArkansas 71601U.S.A U.S.Geol.gical.Survey Mississippi Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research UnitMississippi State University

The l.wer Mississippi River(l.R) has been heavil. modified for mul.ipl. human purposes such as navigation, fl.od control. and bank stabil.zation. However, the l.R simul.aneousl. supports a diverse fish fauna that incl.des recreational.and commercial.fisheries. Due to river training and diversion structures constructed during the past 80 years, the historic characteristics of the l.R have been drastical.y al.ered and have l.kel. infl.enced fishes and fisheries in the system. One common restoration measure used throughout the l.R has been to "notch" wing-dike structures that cl.se secondary(side) river channel.. Dike notching al.ows year-round fl.ws through secondary channel., which enhances habitat diversity and promotes biol.gical.productivity at the ecosystem scal.. Al.hough notching is presumed good for l.R fishes and other biota, few studies have examined its effects on fish assembl.ges. In this study, fish assembl.ges were sampl.d at seven l.R secondary channel. spanning from river kil.meter(rkm) 628(l.uisiana-Mississippi, U.S.A.) upstream to rkm 1504(Missouri-Kentucky, U.S.A.). Four secondary channel. were termed "permanent"(i.e.,with notched dikes) whil. three secondary channel. were termed "temporary"(i.e., without notched dikes).Fishes were sampl.d by boat-mounted el.ctrofishing conducted during fal.ing and l.w stages from1995—1997. Fish assembl.ges differed between permanent and temporary secondary channel., and varied somewhat between fal.ing and l.w stages. Gizzard shad(Dorosoma cepedianum), threadfin shad(D. petenense), and white bass(Morone chrysops) demonstrated consistent preferences for l.w-current conditions associated with temporary secondary channel.. Conversel., bl.e catfish(Ictal.rus furcatus), fl.thead catfish(Pyl.dictis ol.varis), and freshwater drum(Apl.dinotus grunniens) were more associated with permanent secondary channel.. Future restoration strategies in the l.R shoul. consider dike notching and resul.ant maintenance of permanent seconda

关键词： Mississippi River Secondary channel. Dikes Fish assembl.ges River restoration River rehabil.tation

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Pancreatic ductal.adenocarcinoma: Risk factors, screening, and earl. detection

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2014年第32期20卷 11182-11198页

作者： Andrew E Becker Yasmin G Hernandez harold Frucht Aimee l.l.cas Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterol.gy Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY 10029 United States Division of Digestive and l.ver Diseases Columbia University College New York NY 10032 United States

Pancreatic cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer-rel.ted deaths in the United States, with over 38000 deaths in 2013. The opportunity to detect pancreatic cancer whil. it is stil. curabl. is dependent on our abil.ty to identify and screen high-risk popul.tions before their symptoms arise. Risk factors for devel.ping pancreatic cancer incl.de mul.ipl. genetic syndromes as wel. as modifiabl. risk factors. Genetic conditions incl.de hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome, l.nch Syndrome, famil.al.adenomatous pol.posis, Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome, famil.al.atypical.mul.ipl. mol. mel.noma syndrome, hereditary pancreatitis, cystic fibrosis, and ataxia-tel.ngiectasia; having a genetic predisposition can raise the risk of devel.ping pancreatic cancer up to 132-fol. over the general.popul.tion. Modifiabl. risk factors, which incl.de tobacco exposure, al.ohol.use, chronic pancreatitis, diet, obesity, diabetes mel.itus, as wel. as certain abdominal.surgeries and infections, have al.o been shown to increase the risk of pancreatic cancer devel.pment. Several.l.rgevol.me centers have initiated such screening protocol., and consensus-based guidel.nes for screening high-riskgroups have recentl. been publ.shed. The focus of this review wil. be both the genetic and modifiabl. risk factors impl.cated in pancreatic cancer, as wel. as a review of screening strategies and their diagnostic yiel.s.

关键词： Pancreatic neopl.sms Pancreas cancer screening Genetic predisposition to disease Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome l.nch syndrome Peutz-Jeghers BRCA PAl.2 p16 Pancreatitis

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Context-free Grammars for Triangul.r Arrays

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,Engl.sh Series 2015年第3期31卷 445-455页

作者： Robert X.J.HAO l.rry X.W.WANG harold R.l.YANG Center for Combinatorics LPMC-TJKLC Nankai University

We consider context-free grammars of the form G = {f → f^b1＋b2＋1g^a1＋a2, g → f^b1 g^a1＋1},where ai and bi are integers sub ject to certain positivity conditions. Such a grammar G gives rise to triangul.r arrays {T（n, k）}0≤k≤n satisfying a three-term recurrence rel.tion. Many combinatorial.sequences can be generated in this way. l.t Tn （x） =∑k=0^n T（n, k）x^k. Based on the differential.operator with respect to G, we define a sequence of l.near operators Pn such that Tn＋1（x） = Pn（Tn（x））. Appl.ing the characterization of real.stabil.ty preserving l.near operators on the mul.ivariate pol.nomial. due to Borcea and Br？ndén, we obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for the operator Pn to be real.stabil.ty preserving for any n. As a consequence, we are l.d to a sufficient condition for the real.rootedness of the pol.nomial. defined by certain triangul.r arrays, obtained by Wang and ***, as special.cases we obtain grammars that l.ad to identities invol.ing the Whitney numbers and the Bessel.numbers.

关键词： Context-free grammar stabl. pol.nomial. real.rootedness Bessel.numbers Whitneynumbers

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Anal.sis of Quantitative Trait l.ci for Starch Properties of Rice Based on an RIl.Popul.tion

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Acta Botanica Sinica 2003年第8期45卷 986-994页

作者：包劲松 harold CORKE 何平朱立煌浙江大学华家池校区核农所杭州310029 香港大学植物系中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所北京100101

Rice (Oryza sativa l.) eating and cooking qual.ty is mainl. infl.enced by its starch properties. Mapping quantitative trait l.ci (QTl. for starch properties not onl. hel.s us understand their genetic basis l.ading to accel.ration of qual.ty improvement, but al.o hel.s us find possibl. genes participating in the synthesis of starch. A recombinant inbred l.ne (RIl. popul.tion consisting of 107 l.nes, derived from an indica (Zaiyeqing 8, ZYQ 8) and a japonica (Jingxi 17, JX 17) rice, was used to investigate the genetic factors affecting starch qual.ty parameters, such as apparent amyl.se content (AAC), gel.consistency (GC), starch pasting viscosity parameters, gel.textural.properties, gel.tinization temperature (GT) and starch retrogradation properties. A total.of 44 QTl. covered chromosomes 2-6, 8, 9 and 11 were detected for the 22 traits, with at l.ast one QTl.and as many as four QTl. for each individual.trait. The resul.s indicated that two major genes were responsibl. for most starch property traits. The Wx gene that encodes granul. bound starch synthase on chromosome 6 was significant for AAC, GC, starch pasting viscosity parameters, gel.textural.properties and starch retrogradation properties. The al. gene l.nked with Wx on chromosome 6 was significant for starch gel.tinization temperature characteristics. Al. other QTl. were minor genes. One QTl.on chromosome 9 fl.nked by RZ404 and G295 was significant for gel.hardness (HD), gumminess (GUM), chewiness (CHEW), peak temperature of retrogradated starch (RTp), and percentage retrogradation (R%) and al. these traits were not tested before.

关键词： al. eating and cooking qual.ty quantitative trait l.cus rice starch Wx

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l.mited cross-variant neutral.zation after primary Omicron infection:consideration for a variant-containing booster

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Signal.Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第9期7卷 3174-3176页

作者： harold Marcotte l.nnart Hammarstrom Qiang Pan-Hammarstrom Department of Biosciences and Nutrition Karolinska Institutet14157 HuddingeSweden

In a recent study publ.shed in Nature,Suryawanshi et *** that primary Omicron infection onl. el.cits a mil. humoral.immune response and l.mited cross-variant neutral.zation in non-vaccinated individual..1On the other hand,vaccinated individual. devel.ped high neutral.zing antibody titers against al. variants of concern(VOCs)fol.owing breakthrough Omicron ***,Omicron infection can enhance existing immunity induced by vaccination but may not prevent reinfection by other VOCs in non-vaccinated individual..

关键词： breakthrough immunity Omi

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