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The Increasing Role of Synergistic Effects in Carbon Mitigation and Air Quality Improvement, and Its Associated Health Benefits in China

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Engineering 2023年第1期20卷 103-111页

作者： Jie Wang Xi Lu Pengfei Du haotian zheng Zhaoxin Dong Zihua Yin Jia Xing Shuxiao Wang Jiming Hao State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of the EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute for Carbon Neutrality Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing Laboratory of Environmental Frontier Technologies Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China

A synergistic pathway is regarded as a critical measure for tackling the intertwined challenges of climate change and air pollution in China. However, there is as yet no indicator that can comprehensively reflect such synergistic effects;hence, existing studies lack a consistent framework for comparison. Here, we introduce a new synergistic indicator defined as the pollutant generation per gross domestic product (GDP) and adopt an integrated analysis framework by linking the logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) method, response surface model (RSM), and global exposure mortality model (GEMM) to evaluate the synergistic effects of carbon mitigation on both air pollutant reduction and public health in China. The results show that synergistic effects played an increasingly important role in the emissions mitigation of SO_(2), NOx, and primary particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter no greater than 2.5 μm (PM2.5), and the synergistic mitigation of pollutants respectively increase from 3.1, 1.4, and 0.3 Mt during the 11th Five-Year Plan (FYP) (2006–2010) to 5.6, 3.7, and 1.9 Mt during the 12th FYP (2011–2015). Against the non-control scenario, synergistic effects alone contributed to a 15% reduction in annual mean PM2.5 concentration, resulting in the prevention of 0.29 million (95% confidential interval: 0.28–0.30) PM2.5-attributable excess deaths in 2015. Synergistic benefits to air quality improvement and public health were remarkable in the developed and population-dense eastern provinces and municipalities. With the processes of urbanization and carbon neutrality in the future, synergistic effects are expected to continue to increase. Realizing climate targets in advance in developed regions would concurrently bring strong synergistic effects to air quality and public health.

关键词： Synergistic effects Indicator Carbon mitigation Air pollution control Spatial and temporal disparities

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严寒地区某高校体育馆室内热环境研究

山西建筑 2025年第2期51卷 6-11页

作者：刘乐程卫红肖炯圳郑慧超郑皓天单延东北林业大学黑龙江哈尔滨150000

采用现场测量和问卷调查的方法对严寒地区某高校体育馆比赛场地及观众席的室内热环境进行了研究。通过测量体育馆室内空气的温度、相对湿度、CO_(2)含量等,对数据进行整理分析,得到体育馆温度在21℃~23℃高于标准值;供暖前后甲醛含量、T... 详细信息

采用现场测量和问卷调查的方法对严寒地区某高校体育馆比赛场地及观众席的室内热环境进行了研究。通过测量体育馆室内空气的温度、相对湿度、CO_(2)含量等,对数据进行整理分析,得到体育馆温度在21℃~23℃高于标准值;供暖前后甲醛含量、TVOC含量和CO_(2)浓度均符合标准;昼间平均噪声为53 dB,小于55 dB(国家规范);40%的被调查人员认为体育馆较暖;适当的通风能有效改善室内热环境和提高人体热舒适性。通过计算PMV,PPD,按照国家规范分析体育馆室内热环境舒适度,为严寒地区体育馆室内热湿环境的改进提供参考依据。

关键词：严寒地区体育馆室内热环境室内温湿度通风

Synergetic PM_(2.5) and O_(3) control strategy for the Yangtze River Delta,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第1期123卷 281-291页

作者： Zhaoxin Dong Jia Xing Fenfen Zhang Shuxiao Wang Dian Ding Hongli Wang Cheng Huang haotian zheng Yueqi Jiang Jiming Hao State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Formation and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex Shanghai Academy of Environmental SciencesShanghai 200233China

PM_(2.5)concentrations have dramatically reduced in key regions of China during the period 2013-2017,while O_(3)has *** there is an urgent demand to develop a synergetic regional PM_(2.5)and O_(3)control *** study develops an emission-to-concentration response surface model and proposes a synergetic pathway for PM_(2.5)and O_(3)control in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD)based on the framework of the Air Benefit and Cost and Attainment Assessment System(ABaCAS).Results suggest that the regional emissions of NOx,SO_(2),NH3,VOCs(volatile organic compounds)and primary PM_(2.5)should be reduced by 18%,23%,14%,17%and 33%compared with 2017 to achieve 25%and 5% decreases of PM_(2.5)and O_(3)in 2025,and that the emission reduction ratios will need to be 50%,26%,28%,28% and 55%to attain the National Ambient Air Quality *** effectively reduce the O_(3) pollution in the central and eastern YRD,VOCs controls need to be strengthened to reduce O_(3)by 5%,and then NOx reduction should be accelerated for air quality ***,control of primary PM_(2.5)emissions shall be prioritized to address the severe PM_(2.5)pollution in the northern *** most cities in the YRD,the VOCs emission reduction ratio should be higher than that for NOx in Spring and *** control should be increased in summer rather than winter when a strong VOC-limited regime ***,regarding the emission control of industrial processes,on-road vehicle and residential sources shall be prioritized and the joint control area should be enlarged to include Shandong,Jiangxi and Hubei Province for effective O_(3)control.

关键词： PM_(2.5) O_(3) Response surface model Synergistic control pathway Cost-benefit analysis

Air pollutant emissions induced by rural-to-urban migration during China's urbanization(2005-2015)

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2022年第2期10卷 45-53页

作者： Guang Shi Xi Lu Hongxia Zhang haotian zheng Zhonghua Zhang Shi Chen Jia Xing Shuxiao Wang State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control and School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084PR China Institute for Carbon Neutrality Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084PR China Beijing Laboratory of Environmental Frontier Technologies Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084PR China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing100084PR China School of Applied Economics Renmin University of ChinaBeijing100872PR China

As the world's most populous country,China has witnessed rapid urbanization in recent decades,with population migration from rural to urban(RU)regions as the major driving *** to the large gap between rural and urban consumption and investment level,large-scale RU migration impacts air pollutant emissions and creates extra uncertainties for air quality ***,we integrated population migration assessment,an environmentally extended inputeoutput model and structural decomposition analysis to evaluate the NOx,SO2 and primary PM2.5 emissions induced by RU migration during China's urbanization from 2005 to *** results show that RU migration increased air pollutant emissions,while the increases in NOx and SO2 emissions peaked in approximately 2010 at 2.4 Mt and 2.2 Mt,accounting for 9.2%and 8.7%of the national emissions,*** primary PM2.5 emissions induced by RU migration also peaked in approximately 2012 at 0.3 Mt,accounting for 2.8%of the national *** indirect emissions embodied in consumption and investment increased,while household direct emissions *** widening gap between urban and rural investment and consumption exerted a major increasing effect on migration-induced emissions;in contrast,the falling emission intensity contributed the most to the decreasing effect benefitting from end-of-pipe control technology applications as well as improving energy *** peak of air pollutant emissions induced by RU migration indicates that although urbanization currently creates extra environmental pressure in China,it is possible to reconcile urbanization and air quality improvement in the future with updating urbanization and air pollution control policies.

关键词： Urbanization Population migration Air pollutant emission reduction Inputeoutput model Structural decomposition analysis

Underestimated benefits of NO_(x) control in reducing SNA and O_(3) based on missing heterogeneous HONO sources

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第3期18卷 57-67页

作者： Shuping Zhang haotian zheng Jun Liu Yao Shi Tianzeng Chen Chaoyang Xue Fenfen Zhang Yueqi Jiang Xiangping Zhang Shovan Kumar Sahu Biwu Chu Jia Xing State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China China Academy of Civil Aviation Science and Technology Beijing 100028China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research Zhengzhou 450003China Centre for Climate Research Singapore Meteorological Service SingaporeSingapore 537054Singapore

Substantial NO_(x) emission mitigation is crucial for the synergistic reduction of particulate matter and ozone(O_(3))pollution in *** traditional air quality model does not consider heterogeneous HONO chemistry,leading to uncertainties in estimating the benefits of NO_(x) *** studies have shown that the parameterization of heterogeneous HONO formation increases both the simulated value of sulfate–nitrate–ammonium(SNA)and that of O_(3),thus adding the heterogeneous reactions of HONO into air quality models inevitably leads to changes in the estimated benefits of NO_(x) *** we investigated the changes in SNA and O_(3)concentrations from NO_(x) emission reduction before and after adding heterogeneous HONO reactions in the Community Multi-Scale Air Quality(CMAQ)*** heterogeneous HONO reactions in the simulation improved the benefits of NO_(x) reduction in terms of SNA control in *** 80%NO_(x) reduction,the reduction in SNA increased from 36.9%without considering heterogeneous HONO reactions to 42.8%with heterogeneous HONO *** reduction in the maximum daily 8h average(MDA8)O_(3)in summer caused by NO_(x) reduction increased slightly from 4.7%to 5.2%after adding heterogeneous HONO *** results in this study highlight the enhanced effectiveness of NO_(x) controls for the reduction of SNA and O_(3)after considering heterogeneous HONO formation in a complex chemical ambient,demonstrating the importance of NO_(x) controls in reducing PM2.5 and O_(3)pollution in China.

关键词： Heterogeneous HONO NO_(x) reduction PM_(2.5) O_(3)

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt plus embolization for bleeding esophagojejunal varices after total gastrectomy

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Journal of Interventional Medicine 2019年第4期2卷 181-183页

作者： Shaojie Wu Yicheng Wu Yanfu Shen Senlin Cai Yanfeng Zhou haotian zheng Zhuting Fang Department of Interventional Radiology Fujian Provincial HospitalShengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityNo.134Dongjie RoadFuzhou350001China Department of Geriatrics Fujian Provincial HospitalFujian Provincial Center for GeriatricsShengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityNo.134Dongjie RoadFuzhou350001China Department of Radiology Fujian Provincial HospitalShengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityNo.134Dongjie RoadFuzhou350001China

A 64-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with hematemesis and *** years ago,he had undergone total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy for gastric *** examination revealed varicose veins at the anastomotic sites with cherry-red spots and *** computed tomography showed that the varices were supplied by a dilated jejunal *** intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)and variceal embolization were *** were no major complications or episodes of bleeding during the three-month *** conclude that TIPS in combination with varices obliteration is an effective alternative method for treatment of ruptured esophagojejunal varices after total gastrectomy.

关键词： Esophagojejunal varices Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt Varices obliteration Total gastrectomy

A probe into the acid deposition mitigation path in China over the last four decades and beyond

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 84-92页

作者： Qian Yu Xiaodong Ge haotian zheng Jia Xing Lei Duan Dongwei Lv Dian Ding Zhaoxin Dong Yisheng Sun Posch Maximilian Danni Xie Yu Zhao Bin Zhao Shuxiao Wang Jan Mulder Thorj?rn Larssen Jiming Hao State Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua University State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control &Resource Reuse and School of the Environment Nanjing University State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex School of EnvironmentTsinghua University International Institute for Applied System Analysis(IIASA) School of Land Engineering Chang'an University Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life Sciences Norwegian Institute for Water Research

China currently has the highest acid deposition globally, yet research on its status, impacts, causes and controls is lacking. Here, we compiled data and calculated critical loads regarding acid deposition. The results showed that the abatement measures in China have achieved a sharp decline in the emissions of acidifying pollutants and a continuous recovery of precipitation p H, despite the drastic growth in the economy and energy consumption. However, the risk of ecological acidification and eutrophication showed no significant decrease. With similar emission reductions, the decline in areas at risk of acidification in China(7.0%) lags behind those in Europe(20%) or the USA(15%). This was because, unlike Europe and the USA, China's abatement strategies primarily target air quality improvement rather than mitigating ecological impacts. Given that the area with the risk of eutrophication induced by nitrogen deposition remained at 13%of the country even under the scenario of achieving the dual targets of air quality and carbon dioxide mitigation in 2035, we explored an enhanced ammonia abatement pathway. With a further 27% reduction in ammonia by 2035, China could largely eliminate the impacts of acid deposition. This research serves as a valuable reference for China's future acid deposition control and for other nations facing similar challenges.

关键词： acid deposition critical loads acidification eutrophication ammonia abatement

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可调谐电磁超表面研究进展

光学学报 2023年第8期43卷 47-67页

作者：郑皓天张松徐挺南京大学现代工程与应用科学学院江苏南京210033

超表面是由亚波长尺度的人工原子组成的二维平面超材料,具有操纵电磁波属性的能力。超表面领域的快速发展催生了多种技术/功能器件,包括超表面全息术、矢量涡旋光技术、超透镜、偏振转换器等。主动性超表面是指可以通过电、磁、光照、... 详细信息

超表面是由亚波长尺度的人工原子组成的二维平面超材料,具有操纵电磁波属性的能力。超表面领域的快速发展催生了多种技术/功能器件,包括超表面全息术、矢量涡旋光技术、超透镜、偏振转换器等。主动性超表面是指可以通过电、磁、光照、热、应力等外部刺激对超表面的结构、性质和功能进行灵活调控的超表面。近年来,人们一直致力于研究基于多种调控技术的多功能可调谐超表面,从而实现动态调控电磁波的目的。本文归纳总结了基于多种调控方法的可调谐超表面的研究进展,主要包括基于液晶的可调谐超表面、基于相变材料的可调谐超表面和结构可重构型可调谐超表面,并讨论了不同类型可调谐超表面的优势、面临的挑战以及未来的发展方向。

关键词：光学设计超表面可调性液晶相变材料微纳光子学

Hot carrier cooling in lead halide perovskites probed by two-pulse photovoltage correlation spectroscopy

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第10期33卷 116-119页

作者： Yuqing Huang Chaoyu Guo Lei Gao Wenna Du haotian zheng Da Wu zhengpu Zhao Chu-Wei Zhang Qin Wang Xin-Feng Liu Qingfeng Yan Ying Jiang International Center for Quantum Materials School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter Beijing 100871China Department of Chemistry Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology National Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

The next-generation hot-carrier solar cells,which can overcome the Shockley-Queisser limit by harvesting excessenergy from hot carriers,are receiving increasing *** halide perovskite(LHP)materials are considered aspromising candidates due to their exceptional photovoltaic properties,good stability and low *** cooling rate of hotcarriers is a key parameter influencing the performance of hot-carrier solar *** this work,we successfully detected hotcarrier dynamics in operando LHP devices using the two-pulse photovoltage correlation *** enhance the signalto-noise ratio,we applied the delay-time modulation method instead of the traditional power *** advancementallowed us to detect the intraband hot carrier cooling time for the organic LHP CH_(3)NH_(3)PbBr_(3),which is as short as 0.21 *** comparison,the inorganic Cs-based LHP CsPbBr_(3)exhibited a longer cooling time of around 0.59 ps due to differentphonon *** results provide us new insights into the optimal design of hot-carrier solar cells and highlightthe potential of LHP materials in advancing solar cell technology.

关键词： two-pulse correlation spectroscopy lead halide perovskites hot carrier cooling ultrafast dynamics