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Compact object candidates with K/M-dwarf companions from LAMOST low-resolution survey

Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2022年第2期65卷 114-123页

作者： Hui-Jun Mu Wei-Min Gu Tuan Yi Ling-Lin Zheng hao Sou Zhong-Rui Bai hao-tong zhang Ya-Juan Lei Cheng-Ming Li International Laboratory for Quantum Functional Materials of Henan and School of Physics and MicroelectronicsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Department of Astronomy Xiamen UniversityXiamen 36 J005Chino CAS Key Laboratory for Research in Gakvdes and Cosmology Department of AstronomyUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China National Astronomical Obsen'atories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100012China

Searching for compact objects(black holes,neutron stars,or white dwarfs)in the Milky Way is essential for understanding the stellar evolution history,the physics of compact objects,and the structure of our *** objects in binaries with a luminous stellar companion are perfect targets for optical *** compact objects can be achieved by monitoring the radial velocities of the companion ***,most of the spectroscopic telescopes usually obtain stellar spectra at a relatively low efficiency,which makes a sky survey for millions of stars practically *** efficiency of a large-scale spectroscopic survey,the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopy Telescope(LAMOST),presents a specific opportunity to search for compact object candidates,i.e.,simply from the spectroscopic ***-type K/M stars are the most abundant populations in our *** to the relatively large Keplerian velocities in the close binaries with a K/M-dwarf companion,a hidden compact object could be discovered and followed-up more *** this study,compact object candidates with K/Mdwarf companions are investigated with the LAMOST low-resolution stellar *** on the LAMOST Data Release 5,we obtained a sample of 56 binaries,each containing a K/M-dwarf with a large radial velocity variation △VR>150 km s^(-1).Complemented with the photometric information from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite,we derived a sample of 35 compact object candidates,among which,the orbital periods of 16 sources were revealed by the light *** two sources as examples,we confirmed that a compact object existed in the two systems by fitting the radial velocity *** study demonstrates the principle and the power of searching for compact objects through LAMOST.

关键词： spectroscopic binaries binary stars close binaries radial velocities stellar dynamics and kinematics

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Kinematics and stellar population properties of the Andromeda galaxy by using the spectroscopic observations of the Guoshoujing Telescope

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2011年第9期11卷 1093-1110页

作者： Hu ZOU Yan-Bin Yang Tian-Meng zhang Jun Ma Xu Zhou Ali Luo hao-tong zhang Zhong-Rui Bai Yong-Heng Zhao National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100012 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The Andromeda galaxy was observed by the Guoshoujing Telescope （formerly named the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope -- LAMOST）, during the 2009 commissioning phase. Due to the absence of standard stars for flux calibration, we use the photometric data of 15 intermediate bands in the Beijing-Arizona-Taipei-Connecticut （BATC） survey to calibrate the spectra. In to- tal, 59 spectra located in the bulge and disk of the galaxy are obtained. Kinematic and stellar population properties of the stellar content are derived with these spectra. We obtain the global velocity field and calculate corresponding rotation velocities out to about 7 kpc along the major axis. These rotation velocity measurements comple- ment those of the gas content, such as the H I and CO. The radial velocity dispersion shows that the stars in the bulge are more dynamically thermal and the disk is more rotationally-supported. The age distribution shows that the bulge was formed about 12 Gyr ago, the disk is relatively younger and the ages of some regions along the spi- ral arms can reach as young as about 1 Gyr. These young stellar populations have a relatively richer abundance and larger reddening. The overall average metallicity of the galaxy approximates the solar metallicity and a very weak abundance gradient is gained. The reddening map gives a picture of a dust-free bulge and a distinct dusty ring in the disk.

关键词： methods: data analysis -- techniques: spectroscopic -- galaxies: indi- vidual (M31) -- galaxies: stellar content

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Validation of LAMOST stellar parameters with the PASTEL catalog

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2015年第12期15卷 2204-2212页

作者： Hua Gao Hua-Wei zhang Mao-Sheng Xiang Yang Huang Xiao-Wei Liu A-Li Luo hao-tong zhang Yue Wu Yong zhang Guang-Wei Li Bing Du Department of Astronomy School of PhysicsPeking University Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking University Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics & Technology National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of Sciences

The Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope （LAMOST） published its first data release （DR1） in 2013, which is currently the largest dataset of stellar spectra in the world. We combine the PASTEL catalog and SIMBAD radial velocities as a testing standard to validate stellar parameters （effec- tive temperature Tefr, surface gravity log g, metallicity [Fe/H] and radial velocity Vr） derived from DR1. Through cross-identification of the DR1 catalogs and the PASTEL catalog, we obtain a preliminary sample of 422 stars. After removal of stellar param- eter measurements from problematic spectra and applying effective temperature con- straints to the sample, we compare the stellar parameters from DR1 with those from PASTEL and SIMBAD to demonstrate that the DR1 results are reliable in restricted ranges of Tefr. We derive standard deviations of 110 K, 0.19 dex and 0.11 dex for Tell, log 9 and [Fe/H] respectively when Teff〈 8000 K, and 4.91 km s-1 for Vr when Teff 〈 10 000 K. Systematic errors are negligible except for those of Vr. In addition, metallicities in DR1 are systematically higher than those in PASTEL, in the range of PASTEL [Fe/H] 〈 -1.5.

关键词： stars: fundamental parameters -- astronomical data bases: catalogs --astronomical data bases: surveys

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Relative flux calibration for the Guoshoujing Telescope (LAMOST)

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2012年第4期12卷 453-464页

作者： Yi-Han Song A-Li Luo Georges Comte Zhong-Rui Bai Jian-Nan zhang Wei Du hao-tong zhang Jian-Jun Chen Fang Zuo Yong-Heng Zhao National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100012China Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100012China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Observatoire Astronomique Marseille-Provence and Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille F-13388 Marseille CedexFrance

This paper presents a relative flux calibration method for the Guoshoujing Telescope （LAMOST）, which may be applied to connect a blue spectrum to a red spectrum to build the whole spectrum across the total wavelength range （3700 ～ 9000 A）. In each spectrograph, we estimate the effective temperatures of selected stars using a grid of spectral line indices in the blue spectral range and a comparison with stellar atmosphere models. For each spectrograph, stars of types A and F are selected as pseudo-standard stars, and the theoretical spectra are used to calibrate both the blue （3700 ～ 5900 A） and red spectrograph arms （5700 ～ 9000 A）. Then the spectral response function for these pseudo-standard stars could be used to correct the raw spectra provided by the other fibers of the spectrograph, after a fiber efficiency function has been derived from twilight flat-field exposures. A key problem in this method is the fitting of a pseudo stellar continuum, so we also give a detailed description of this step. The method is tested by comparing a small sample of LAMOST spectra calibrated in this way on stars also observed by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. The result shows that the T eff estimation and relative flux calibration method are adequate.

关键词： techniques: spectroscopic — calibration: methods:data analysis

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Number and Distribution of Fiducial Fibers in a Spectroscopic Survey Telescope

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2022年第2期22卷 108-117页

作者： Shi-Peng Duan Zeng-Xiang Zhou Jia-Le Zuo Meng-Tao Li Zhi-Gang Liu Hong-Zhuan Hu Jian-Ping Wang Xiang-Qun Cui Yong zhang hao-tong zhang Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China National Astronomical Observatories/Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics&Technology Chinese Academy of ScienceNanjing 210042China CAS Key Laboratory of Astronomical Optics&Technology Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics&TechnologyNanjing 210042China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100012China

To date,the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope(LAMOST)has been in operation for 12 *** improve the telescope's astronomical observation accuracy,the original open-loop fiber positioning system of LAMOST is in urgent need of *** upgrade plan is to install several fiber view cameras(FVCs)around primary mirror B to build a closed-loop feedback control *** FVCs are 20 m from the focal *** reduce a series of errors when the cameras detect the positions of the optical fibers,we designed fiducial fibers on the focal surface to be fiducial points for the *** the number of fiducial fibers can improve the detection accuracy of the FVC system,but it will also certainly reduce the number of fiber positioners that can be used for ***,the focus of this paper is how to achieve the quantity and distribution that meet the requirements of system *** this paper,we introduce the necessity of using fiducial fibers,propose a method for selecting their number and present several methods for assessing the uniformity of their ***,we implement particle swarm optimization to find the best distribution of fiducial fibers.

关键词： instrumentation detectors-techniques image processing-methods data analysis-telescopes

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Moon night sky brightness simulation for the Xinglong station

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2013年第10期13卷 1255-1268页

作者： Song Yao hao-tong zhang Hai-Long Yuan Yong-Heng Zhao Yi-Qiao Dong Zhong-Rui Bai Li-Cai Deng Ya-Juan Lei Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Using a sky brightness monitor at the Xinglong station of National Astronomical Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,we collected data from22 dark clear nights and 90 moon *** first measured the sky brightness variation with time for dark nights and found a clear correlation between sky brightness and human *** with a modified sky brightness model of moon nights and data from these nights,we derived the typical value for several important parameters in the *** these results,we calculated the sky brightness distribution under a given moon condition for the Xinglong ***,we simulated the sky brightness distribution of a moon night for a telescope with a 5 field of view（such as LAMOST）.These simulations will be helpful for determining the limiting magnitude and exposure time,as well as planning the survey for LAMOST during moon nights.

关键词： Moon scattering site testing telescopes

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Candidate members of the Pal 5, GD-1, Cetus Polar and Orphan tidal stellar halo streams from SDSS DR9, LAMOST DR3 and APOGEE catalogs

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2017年第6期17卷 117-128页

作者： Guang-Wei Li Brian Yanny hao-tong zhang Zong-Rui Bai Yue Wu Yi-Qiao Dong Ya-Juan Lei Hai-Long Yuan Yong-Hui Hou Yue-Fei Wang Yong zhang Key Lab for Optical Astronomy National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100012 China Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory Batavia IL 60510 USA Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics & Technology National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210042 China

We present candidate members of the Pal 5, GD-1, Cetus Polar and Orphan tidal stellar streams found in LAMOST DR3, SDSS DR9 and APOGEE catalogs. In LAMOST DR3, we find 20, 4 and 24 high confidence candidates of tidal streams GD-1, Cetus Polar and Orphan respectively. We also list 59, 118 and 10 high confidence candidates of tidal streams Cetus Polar, Orphan and Pal 5, respectively from the SDSS DR9 spectroscopic catalog. Furthermore, we find seven high confidence candidates of the Pal 5 tidal stream in the APOGEE data. Compared with SDSS, the new candidates from LAMOST DR3 are brighter, so that together, more of the color-magnitude diagram, including the giant branch, can be explored. Analysis of the SDSS data shows that there are three metallicity peaks associated with the Orphan stream which also exhibit some spatial separation. The LAMOST data confirm multiple metallicities in this stream. The metallicity, given by the higher resolution APOGEE instrument, of the Pal 5 tidal stream is [Fe/H] ,- -1.2, higher than that given earlier by SDSS spectra. Many previously unidentified stream members are tabulated here for the first time, along with existing members, allowing future researchers to further constrain the orbits of these objects as they move within the Galaxy＇s dark matter potential.

关键词： Galaxy structure general stream - Galaxy structure individual (GD-1, Orphan, Cetus, Pal 5)

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The discovery of 64 luminous infrared galaxies in the LAMOST Complete Spectroscopic Survey of Pointing Area at the Southern Galactic Cap

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2015年第8期15卷 1424-1437页

作者： Man I Lam Hong Wu Ming Yang Yi-Nan Zhu Jian-Rong Shi hao-tong zhang A-Li Luo Shi-Yin Shen Yong zhang Yong-Hui Hou Guang-Wei Li Yong-Heng Zhao Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology Shanghai Astronomical ObservatoryChinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics & Technology National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of Sciences

We report the discovery of 64 luminous infrared galaxies, based on new observations of 20 square degrees from the LAMOST Complete Spectroscopic Survey of Pointing Area at the Southern Galactic Cap and the WISE 22 μm catalog from the AllW ISE Data Release. Half of them are classified as late-type spirals and the others are classified as peculiar/compact galaxies. The peculiar/compact galaxies tend to exhibit higher luminosities and lower stellar masses. We also separate AGNs from HII galaxies in a simple way by examining LAMOST spectra. Those cases show that host AGNs are easily distinguished from others in the mid-infrared color-color diagrams.

关键词： galaxies: statistic—galaxies: structure—galaxies: starburst—galaxies: spiral—galaxies: interactions—infrared: galaxies

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Sky subtraction for LAMOST

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2017年第9期17卷 25-38页

作者： Zhong-Rui Bai hao-tong zhang Hai-Long Yuan Guang-Wei Li Jian-Jun Chen Ya-Juan Lei Hui-Qin Yang Yi-Qiao Dong Gang Wang Yong-Heng Zhao 1 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Lab for Optical Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100012China

Sky subtraction is a key technique in data reduction of multi-fiber spectra. Knowledge of characteristics related to the instrument is necessary to determine the method adopted in sky subtraction. In this study, we describe the sky subtraction method designed for the Large sky Area Multi-Object fiber Spectroscopic Telescope （LAMOST） survey. The method has been integrated into the LAMOST 2D Pipeline v2.6 and applied to data from LAMOST DR3 and later. For LAMOST, calibration using sky emission lines is used to alleviate the position-dependent （and thus time-dependent） ,-~ 4% fiber throughput uncertainty and small wavelength instability （0.1/~） during observation. Sky subtraction using principal component analysis （PCA） further reduces 25% of the sky line residual from OH fines in the red part of LAMOST spectra after the master sky spectrum, which is derived from a B-spline fit of 20 sky fibers in each spectrograph. Using this approach, values are adjusted by a sky emission line and subtracted from each fiber. Further analysis shows that our wavelength calibration accuracy is about 4.5 km s-1, and the averages of residuals after sky subtraction are about 3% for sky emission lines and 3% for the continuum region. The relative sky subtraction residuals vary with moonlight background brightness, and can reach as low as 1.5% for regions that have sky emission lines during a dark night. Tests on F stars with both similar sky emission line strength and similar object continuum intensity show that the sky emission line residual of LAMOST is smaller than that of the SDSS survey.

关键词： techniques: spectroscopic -- methods data analysis -- instrumentation spectrographs

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Automatic determination of stellar atmospheric parameters and construction of stellar spectral templates of the Guoshoujing Telescope (LAMOST)

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2011年第8期11卷 924-946页

作者： Yue Wu A-Li Luo Hai-Ning Li Jian-Rong Shi Philippe Prugniel Yan-Chun Liang Yong-Heng Zhao Jian-Nan zhang Zhong-Rui Bai Peng Wei Wei-Xiang Dong hao-tong zhang Jian-Jun Chen National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100012 China Universitede Lyon Universite Lyon 1 Villeurbanne F-69622 France CRAL Observatoire de Lyon CNRS UMR 5574 69561 Saint-Genis Laval France Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy NAOC Chinese Academy of Sciences Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Shandong University at Weihai Weihai 264209 China

A number of spectroscopic surveys have been carried out or are planned to study the origin of the Milky Way. Their exploitation requires reliable automated methods and softwares to measure the fundamental parameters of the stars. Adopting the ULySS package, we have tested the effect of different resolutions and signal-to- noise ratios （SNR） on the measurement of the stellar atmospheric parameters （effective temperature Teff, surface gravity log g, and metaUicity [Fe/H]）. We show that ULySS is reliable for determining these parameters with medium-resolution spectra （R ～2000）. Then, we applied the method to measure the parameters of 771 stars selected in the commissioning database of the Guoshoujing Telescope （LAMOST）. The results were compared with the SDSS/SEGUE Stellar Parameter Pipeline （SSPP）, and we derived precisions of 167 K, 0.34dex, and 0.16dex for Teff, logg and [Fe/H] respectively. Furthermore, 120 of these stars are selected to construct the primary stellar spectral template library （Version 1.0） of LAMOST, and will be deployed as basic ingredients for the LAMOST automated parametrization pipeline.

关键词： astronomical data bases: atlases -- stars: fundamental parameters techniques: spectroscopic -- surveys

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