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Deep Time Reconstructions of Internal Earth Structure with the Adjoint Method

Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2019年第S1期93卷 3-4页

作者： hans-peter bunge Lorenzo COLLI Siavash GHELICHKHAN Jens OESER Department of Geosciences Ludwig-Maximilians UniversityD-80333 MumnichTheresienstrasse 41 Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences University of Houston

The adjoint method is a powerful tool to obtain gradient information in a computational model relative to unknown model parameters,allowing one to solve inverse problems where analytical solutions are not available or... 详细信息

关键词： adjoint method inverse problems paleo mantle convection flow restorations dynamic topography

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中国及邻区地壳-地幔结构全波形反演研究

中国及邻区地壳-地幔结构全波形反演研究

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2023年中国地球科学联合学术年会

作者：马锦程 hans-peter bunge Andreas Fichtner 宋晓东北京大学地球与空间科学学院理论与应用地球物理研究所慕尼黑大学地球物理研究所苏黎世联邦理工学院地球物理研究所

地球介质的物理属性(如速度、密度)隐含了地球内部结构和演化信息,因而获取高精度的地下介质模型是探测地球内部结构及其动力学信息的重要目标之一。地震波是探测地球内部结构的重要方法之一,基于地震观测记录的振幅、相位等全波信息来... 详细信息

地球介质的物理属性(如速度、密度)隐含了地球内部结构和演化信息,因而获取高精度的地下介质模型是探测地球内部结构及其动力学信息的重要目标之一。地震波是探测地球内部结构的重要方法之一,基于地震观测记录的振幅、相位等全波信息来重建速度和密度等介质参数模型的全波形反演方法,被认为是建立高精度地下介质模型的最有潜力的地球物理成像方法之一。

关键词：全波形反演中国及邻区地幔结构

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Tanshinone Ⅱ-A Attenuates and Stabilizes Atherosclerotic Plaques in Apolipoprotein E Knockout Mice Fed with High Cholesterol Diet

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中国动脉硬化杂志 2011年第3期19卷 274-274页

作者： Suowen XU Yan Huang peter J. Little Peiqing Liu Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou Guangdong 510006China Discipline of Pharmacy School of Medical Sciences and Diabetes Complications Group Health Innovations Research Institute RMIT University Melbourne Victoria 3083 Australia

Objective TanshinoneⅡ-A(Tan),a bioactive diterpene isolated fromSalvia miltiorrhiza bunge(Danshen),possesses anti-oxidant and anti-in-flammatory *** present study investigated whether Tan can reduce and stabilize atherosclerotic plaques in Apolipoprotein E knockout(ApoE-/-) mice maintained on a high cholesterol diet(HCD).Methods and Results Six week-old mice challenged with HCD were ran-domly assigned to 4 groups: C57BL/6J,ApoE-/-,ApoE-/-+30 mg/kg.d Tan and ApoE-/-+10 mg/kg.d *** 16 weeks of inter-vention,Tan treated mice showed decreased atherosclerotic lesion size in the aortic sinus and face ***,immunohistochemical a-nalysis revealed that Tan rendered the lesion composition a more stable phenotype as evidenced by reduced necrotic cores,decreased macrophageinfiltration,increased smooth muscle cell and collagen *** also significantly reduced in situ superoxide anion production,aortic expres-sion of NF-κB,and matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9).In vitro treatment of RAW264.7 macrophages with Tan significantly suppressed oxi-dized LDL-induced reactive oxygen species production,pro-inflammatory cytokine(IL-6,TNF-α,MCP-1) expression,and MMP-9 *** Tan attenuates the development of atherosclerotic lesions and promotes plaque stability in ApoE-/-mice by reducing vascular oxi-dative stress and inflammatory *** findings highlightTan as a potential therapeutic agentto preventatherosclerotic cardiovascular dis-eases.

关键词：丹参酮高胆固醇治疗方法临床分析

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Complex Regulation of Prolyl-4-Hydroxylases Impacts Root Hair Expansion

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Molecular Plant 2015年第5期8卷 734-746页

作者： Silvia M. Velasauez Martiniano M. Ricardi Christian peter Poulsen Ai Oikawa Adiphol Dilokpimol Adnan Halim Silvina Mangano Silvina Paola Denita Juarez Eliana Marzol Juan D. Salgado Salter Javier Gloazzo Dorosz Cecilia Borassi Svenning Rune Moller Rafael Buono Yukiko Ohsawa Ken Matsuoka Marisa S. Otegui Henrik V. Scheller Naomi Geshi Bent Larsen petersen Norberto D. lusem Jose M. Estevez Instituto de Fisiologfa Biologia Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE-CONICET) Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos AiresBuenos Aires C1428EGA Argentina VKR Research Centre Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences University of Copenhagen DK-1871 Frededksberg C Denmark Joint BioEnergy Institute Feedstocks Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 5885 Hollis Street Emeryville CA 94608 USA Copenhagen Center for Glycomios Department of Cellular and Molecular Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of CopenhagenDK-2200 Copenhagen N Denmark Department of Botany University of Wisconsin Madison WI 53706 USA RIKEN Plant Science Center Tsurumi-ku Yokohama 230-0045 Japan Laboratory of Plant Nutrition Faculty of Agriculture Kyushu University Hakozaki 6-10-1 Higashi-ku Fukuoka 812-8581 Japan Departamento de Fisiologia Biologia Molecular y Celular Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires C1428EGAArgentina These authors contributed equally to the article. Present address: Fungal Physiology CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Center Uppsalalaan 8 Utrecht 3584 CT The Netherlands Present address: The Danish Stem Cell Center The Panum Institute Blegdamsvej 3B DK-2200 Copenhagen Denmark

Root hairs are single cells that develop by tip growth, a process shared with pollen tubes, axons, and fungal hyphae. However, structural plant cell walls impose constraints to accomplish tip growth. In addition to polysaccharides, plant cell walls are composed of hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins （HRGPs）, which include several groups of O-glycoproteins, including extensins （EXTs）. Proline hydroxylation, an early post-translational modification （PTM） of HRGPs catalyzed by prolyl 4-hydroxylases （P4Hs）, defines their subsequent O-glycosylation sites. In this work, our genetic analyses prove that P4H5, and to a lesser extent P4H2 and P4H13, are pivotal for root hair tip growth. Second, we demonstrate that P4H5 has in vitro preferred specificity for EXT substrates rather than for other HRGPs. Third, by P4H promoter and protein swapping approaches, we show that P4H2 and P4H13 have interchangeable functions but cannot replace P4H5. These three P4Hs are shown to be targeted to the secretory pathway, where P4H5 forms dimers with P4H2 and P4H13. Finally, we explore the impact of deficient proline hydroxylation on the cell wall architec- ture. Taken together, our results support a model in which correct peptidyl-proline hydroxylation on EXTs, and possibly in other HRGPs, is required for proper cell wall self-assembly and hence root hair elongation in Arabidopsis thaliana.

关键词： enzymology cell expansion cell walls protein targeting proline hydroxylation root hairs

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