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Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks for modelling fuel sprays

Energy and AI 2023年第2期12卷 62-75页

作者： Cihan Ates Farhad Karwan Max Okraschevski rainer Koch hans-jörg Bauer Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT) Institute of Thermal TurbomachineryGermany Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT) Machine Intelligence in Energy SystemsGermany

In this study, the probabilistic, data driven nature of the generative adversarial neural networks (GANs)was utilized to conduct virtual spray simulations for conditions relevant to aero engine combustors. Themodel consists of two sub-modules: (i) an autoencoder converting the variable length droplet trajectories intofixed length, lower dimensional representations and (ii) a Wasserstein GAN that learns to mimic the latentrepresentations of the evaporating droplets along their lifetime. The GAN module was also conditioned withthe injection location and the diameters of the droplets to increase the generalizability of the whole *** training data was provided from highly resolved 3D, transient Eulerian–Lagrangian, large eddy simulationsconducted with OpenFOAM. Neural network models were created and trained within the open source machinelearning framework of PyTorch. Predictive capabilities of the proposed method was discussed with respect tospray statistics and evaporation dynamics. results show that conditioned GAN models offer a great potentialas low order model approximations with high computational efficiency. Nonetheless, the capabilities of theautoencoder module to preserve local dependencies should be improved to realize this potential. For the currentcase study, the custom model architecture was capable of conducting the simulation in the order of secondsafter a day of training, which had taken one week on HPC with the conventional CFD approach for the samenumber of droplets (200,000 trajectories).

关键词： Generative Adversarial Networks Generative learning Fuel injection Aero engines Multivariate time series

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Liver transplantation for malignancy:current treatment strategies and future perspectives

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第18期20卷 5331-5344页

作者： Christina Hackl hans j Schlitt Gabriele I Kirchner Birgit Knoppke Martin Loss Department of Surgery University Hospital Regensburg93053 RegensburgGermany Department of Internal Medicine I University Hospital Regensburg93053 RegensburgGermany Department of Pediatrics and juvenile Medicine University Hospital Regensburg93053 RegensburgGermany

In 1967,Starzl et al performed the first successful liver transplantation for a patient diagnosed with *** the following,liver transplantation was considered ideal for complete tumor resection and potential cure from primary hepatic *** reports of liver transplantation for primary and metastatic liver cancer however showed disappointing results and the strategy was soon ***1996,Mazzaferro et al introduced the Milan criteria,offering liver transplantation to patients diagnosed with limited hepatocellular *** then,liver transplantation for malignant disease is an ongoing subject of preclinical and clinical *** this context,several aspects must be considered:(1)Given the shortage of deceased-donor organs,long-term overall and disease free survival should be comparable with results obtained in patients transplanted for nonmalignant disease;(2)In this regard,living-donor liver transplantation may in selected patients help to solve the ethical dilemma of optimal individual patient treatment vs organ allocation justice;and(3)Ongoing research focusing on perioperative therapy and antiproliferative immunosuppressive regimens may further reduce tumor recurrence in patients transplanted for malignant disease and thus improve overall *** present review gives an overview of current indications and future perspectives of liver transplantation for malignant disease.

关键词： Hepatocellular Fibrolamellar Carcinoma Cholangiocellular Hepatoblastoma Liver metastases

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A long-term follow-up study of high tibial osteotomy for medial compartment osteoarthrosis

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Chinese journal of Traumatology 2004年第6期7卷 348-353页

作者：吴立东 hans j Hahne Toachim Hassenpflug Department of Orthopedics Second Hospital of Medical College Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310009 China Orthopaedic Hospital of Kiel University Kiel 24105 Germany

Objective: To observe the long-term outcome of high tibial osteotomy (HTO) in treating medial compartment osteoarthrosis of knees. Methods: A retrospective study was carried out on 194 patients (215 knees) treated with HTO for medial compartment osteoarthritis at the Orthopaedic Hospital of Kiel University between 1985 and 1996. results: One hundred and sixty-one knees (144 patients) were followed up for (1.5)-12 years with an average of (7.5) years and their data were reviewed. The proportion of excellent outcome were (97.3)%, (93.6)% and (78.2)% two, five and over five years after HTO, respectively. The revision rate of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) was (11.8)% (19 knees retreated with TKA for HTO failure). The survivorship analysis of the 19 knees retreated with TKA showed an expected survival rate of (98.7%), (95.0%) and (84.1)% 2, 5 and 10 years after HTO, respectively. There were (5.6)% complications (12 /161), including five superficial wound infections, one deep infection, five delayed bone healing, and one peroneal nerve palsy. Fifty patients (54 knees) missed follow-up, among them 10 patients (11 knees) ***: HTO is an effective method in treating medial compartment osteoarthritis with a varus knee. Appropriate overcorrection of femorotibial alignment is the key for the success of the operation. But as the long-term effect is concerned, there is a trend of deterioration and some of the patients may have a second operation of revision with TKA.

关键词： High tibial Osteotomy Knee Osteoarthritis

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Prediction of and for new environments: What's your model?

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Molecular Plant 2022年第4期15卷 581-582页

作者： hans-Peter Piepho University of Hohenheim Institute of Crop ScienceBiostatistics UnitFruwirthstrasse 2370599 StuttgartGermany

Genomic prediction(GP)and genome-wide association studies(GWAS)employ genetic variants(markers)to predict phenotypic performance and identify superior *** plants,due to genotype-environment interaction(GEI),performance is usually assessed across multiple environments,giving rise to phenotypic data matrices with genotypes in rows and environments in columns(Figure 1).The standard approaches to GP and GWAS employ genotype(row)means across environments as a response and analysis focuses on the *** et al.,2022 proposed to apply the same idea using environment(column)means across genotypes as the response and scanning environmental variants for their ability to predict environmental performance.

关键词： environments Figure performance

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Industrial Experience with Case Hardening of Stainless Steels by Solution Nitriding

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5期25卷 354-359页

作者： hans Berns Bernd Edenhofer roland Zaugg ruhr University Materials Technology D-44780 Bochum GermanyIPSEN Industries International GmbH D-47514 Kleve GermanyHdrterei GersterA.G. CH-4622 Egerkingen Switzerland

SolNit(r) is a novel heat treatment to case harden stainless steels with nitrogen instead of carbon. The calculated equilibrium pressure of N2 corresponds well with the nitrogen content in the steel surface. The process is carried out in vacuum furnaces with pressurized gas quenching. Numerous parts of different stainless steels have been successfully SolNit(r) treated in industry leading to superior properties in respect to hardness/strength and corrosion

关键词：不锈钢渗氮表面硬化热处理

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Characteristics of Nd：GdVO4 Laser with Different Nd-Doping Concentrations

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Chinese Physics Letters 2006年第8期23卷 2088-2091页

作者：张玲张春雨魏志义张治国 Stephan Strohmaier hans j. Eichle Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100080 Optical Institute Technical University Berlin Strasse de 17 Juni 135 D-10623 Berlin Germany

We report the properties of a compact diode-pumped continuous-wave Nd：GdV04 laser with a linear cavity and different Nd-doped laser crystals. In a 0.2at.% Nd-doped Nd：GdVO4 laser, 1.54 W output laser power is achieved at 912nm wavelength with a slope efficiency of 24.8% at an absorbed pump power of 9.4W. With 0.3at.% Nd-doping concentration, we can obtain the either single-wavelength emission at 1064nm or 912nm or the dual-wavelength emission at 1064nm and 912nm by controlling the incident pump power. From an incident pump power of 11.6 W, the 1064nm emission between ^4Fa/2 and ^4I11/2 is suppressed completely by the 912nm emission between ^4Fa/2 and ^4I9/2. We obtain 670 mW output of the 912nm single-wavelength laser emission with a slope efficiency of 5.5% by taking an incident pump power of 18.4 W. Using a Nd：GdV04 laser with 0.4at.% Nd-doping concentration, we obtain either the single-wavelength emission at 1064nm or the dual-wavelength emission at both 1064nm and 912nm by increasing the incident pump power. We observe a strong competition process in the dualavelength laser.

关键词： Nd:GdVO4 Laser Different Nd-Doping Concentrations

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Effect of Extrusion Combination Types on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the AZ31/GW103K Bimetallic Composite Plates

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2022年第12期35卷 1959-1972页

作者： Yunpeng Meng Boyu Lin Lifei Wang jianfeng Fan Shangzhou Zhang Liwei Lu hans jφrgen roven Hua Zhang Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials Ministry of EducationTaiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Institute for Advanced Studies in Precision Materials Yantai UniversityYantai 264005China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Precision Machining of Difficult-to-Cut Material Hunan University of Science and TechnologyXiangtan 411201China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Norwegian University of Science and Technology7491 TrondheimNorway

The AZ31/GW103 K bimetallic composite plates were prepared by co-extrusion of different combination types(sandwich extrusion type and double semicircle extrusion type),and effects of different extrusion combination types on the microstructure and mechanical properties of bimetallic composite plates were systematically *** results show that both the AZ31/GW103 K bimetallic composite plates prepared by different extrusion combination types have good metallurgical bonding,and changing the combination type does not affect the thickness of the interfacial transition layer of composite *** with the monolithic AZ31 and GW103 K extruded plates,co-extrusion can promote the dynamic recrystallization(DrX)of AZ31 and GW103 K components in composite plates,and double semicircular extrusion type has a better promotion effect on the DrX than sandwich extrusion *** addition,the texture of AZ31 in both monolithic AZ31 and AZ31/GW103 K/AZ31(A/G/A)plates is a typical(0002)basal texture,while that in the AZ31/GW103 K(A/G)composite plate shifts to the tangent direction(TD)of extruded *** with the monolithic AZ31 extruded plate,both the yield strength and tensile strength of A/G and A/G/A bimetallic composite plates are significantly *** strength of A/G/A composite plate is higher than that of A/G composite plate,but its elongation is ***,co-extrusion reduces the dislocation density of AZ31 and GW 103 K components in composite plates,and different extrusion combination types also affect the dislocation density.

关键词： Bimetallic composite plates Extrusion combination types Dynamic recrystallization Dislocation density Mechanical behavior

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Alternative polyadenylation events in epithelial cells sense endometritis progression in dairy cows

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journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第6期22卷 1820-1832页

作者： Meagan j.STOTTS Yangzi ZHANG Shuwen ZHANG jennifer j.MICHAL juan VELEZ Bothe hans Martin MAQUIVAr Zhihua jIANG Department of Animal Sciences and Center for reproductive Biology Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164-7620USA Aurora Organic Farms PlattevilleCO 80651USA

Endometritis(inflammation of the endometrial lining) is one of the most devastating reproductive diseases in dairy cattle, resulting in substantial production loss and causing more than $650 million in lost revenue annually in the *** hypothesize that alternative polyadenylation(APA) sites serve as decisive sensors for endometrium health and disease in dairy cows. Endometrial cells collected from 18 cows with purulent vaginal discharge scored 0 to 2 were used for APA profiling with our whole transcriptome termini site sequencing(WTTS-seq) method. Overall, pathogens trigger hosts to use more differentially expressed APA(DE-APA), more intronic DE-APA, more DE-APA sites per gene and more DE-genes associated with inflammation. Host CD59 molecule(CD59), Fc fragment of IgG receptor IIa(FCGr2A), lymphocyte antigen 75(LY75) and plasminogen(PLG) may serve as initial contacts or combats with pathogens on cell surface, followed by activation of nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group H member 4(Nr1H4) to regulate AXL receptor tyrosine kinase(AXL), FGr proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase(FGr), HCK protooncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase(HCK) and integrin subunit beta 2(ITGB2) for anti-inflammation. This study is the first to show significance of cilium pathways in endometrium health and animal reproduction. MIr21 and MIr30A would be perfect antagonistic biomarkers for diagnosis of either inflammation or anti-inflammation. These novel findings will set precedent for future genomic studies to aid the dairy industry develop new strategies to reduce endometritis incidence and improve fertility.

关键词： organic dairy endometritis alternative polyadenylation infection progression antagonistic biomarkers

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Combined quantitative microscopy on the microstructure and phase evolution in Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3 ceramics

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journal of Advanced Ceramics 2020年第2期9卷 149-161页

作者： Deniz Cihan GUNDUZ roland SCHIErHOLZ Shicheng YU Hermann TEMPELa hans KUNGL rudiger-AEICHEL Forschungszentrum jülich Institute of Energy and Climate Research(IEK-9:Fundamental Electrochemistry)Julich D-52425Germany Forschungszentrum julich Institute of Energy and Climate Research(IEK-12:Helmholtz-Institute Münster:Ionics in Energy Storage)Munster D-48149Germany rWTH Aachen University Institute of Physical ChemistryAachen D-52074Germany

Lithium aluminum titanium phosphate(LATP)is one of the materials under consideration as an electrolyte in future all-solid-state lithium-ion *** ceramic processing,the presence of secondary phases and porosity play an important *** a presence of more than one secondary phase and pores,image analysis must tackle the difficulties about distinguishing between these microstructural *** this study,we study the phase evolution of LATP ceramics sintered at temperatures between 950 and 1100℃by image segmentation based on energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS)elemental maps combined with quantitative analysis of LATP *** found aluminum phosphate(AlPO4)and another phosphate phase((Lix)PyOz).The amount of these phases changes with sintering ***,since the grains act as an aluminum source for AlPO4 formation,the aluminum content in the LATP grains ***,the amount of secondary phase changes from more(Lix)PyOz at 950℃to mainly AlPO4 at 1100℃sintering *** also used scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and confocal laser scanning microscopy(CLSM)to study the evolution of the LATP grains and AlPO4,and LATP grain size increases with sintering *** addition,transmission electron microscopy(TEM)was used for the determination of grain boundary width and to identify the amorphous structure of AlPO4.

关键词： lithium aluminum titanium phosphate(LATP) microstructure quantitative microscopy grain size confocal laser scanning microscopy(CLSM) NASICON

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Ileo-right hemi-colonic cervical pull-up on a non-supercharged ileocolic arterial pedicle: A technical and case report

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第14期22卷 3869-3874页

作者： Andreas rr Weiss Christina Hackl Yorick Soeder hans j Schlitt Marc-H Dahlke Department of Surgery University Medical Center Regensburg

Esophageal reconstruction can be challenging when stomach and colon are not anatomically intact and their use as esophageal substitutes is therefore limited. Innovative individual approaches are then necessary to restore the intestinal passage. We describe a technique in which a short stump of the right hemicolon and 25 cm of ileum on a long, non-supercharged, fully mobilized ileocolic arterial pedicle were used for esophageal reconstruction to the neck. In this case, a 65 year-old male patient had accidentally indigested hydrochloric acid which caused necrosis of his upper digestive tract. An emergency esophagectomy, gastrectomy, duodenectomy, pancreatectomy and splenectomy had been performed in an outside hospital. A cervical esophagostomy and a biliodigestive anastomosis had been created and a jejunal catheter for enteral feeding had been placed. After the patient had recovered, a reconstruction of his food passage via the left and transverse colon failed for technical reasons due to an intraoperative necrotic demarcation of the colon. Our team then faced the situation that only a short stump of the right hemi-colon was left in situ when the patient was referred to our center. After intensified nutritional therapy, we reconstructed this patient's food passage with the right hemicolonapproach described herein. After treatment of a postoperative pneumonia, the patient was discharged from hospital on the 26 th postoperative day in a good clinical condition on an oral-only diet. In conclusion, individual approaches for long-segment reconstruction of the esophagus can be technically feasible in experienced hands. They do not always require arterial supercharging or free intestinal transplantation.

关键词： Esophageal cancer Esophageal trauma Esophageal reconstruction Gastric pull-up Colonic interposition

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