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Co-pyrolysis of Sewage Sludge with Paint Sludge: Kinetics and Thermodynamic Analysis via Iso-conversional Methods

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第3期39卷 716-727页

作者：周尚群赵青林 YU tian YAO Xiaojie State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China School of Mate-rials Science and Engineering Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China

This study explored the synergistic interaction of sewage sludge(SS)and automotive paint sludge(PS)during co-pyrolysis for the optimized treatment of sewage sludge in cement kiln systems,utilizing thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)and thermogravimetric-mass spectrometry(TGA-MS).The result reveals the coexisting synergistic and antagonistic effects in the co-pyrolysis of SS/*** synergistic effect arises from hydrogen free radicals in SS and catalytic components in PS,while the main source of the antagonistic effect is that,during the mechanical mixing process,the SS/PS is converted from the particulate form into a dough-like rubbery which contributes to the film-forming effect,hindering the volatilization of volatile ***/PS co-pyrolysis reduces the yielding of tar production while increasing coke and *** study will provide some in-depth insights into the co-pyrolysis of SS/PS,and offer theoretical support for the subsequent research on the collaborative disposal processes in cement kilns.

关键词： sewage sludge co-pyrolysis automotive paint sludge evolved gas analysis

Forced boiling of nonazeotropic immiscible mixture in a supercapillary microchannel array for ultra-high heat flux removal with chip junction temperature below 85℃

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 1364-1380页

作者： SUN Bo BAO YuChen tian Tong LI Ji School of Engineering Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Laboratory of Advanced Thermal Management Technologies School of Engineering ScienceUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China

In this study,a structure-optimized two-phase microchannel heat sink with sintered submicron nucleation sites was developed and *** copper-based microchannels had a rectangular cross-section with an equivalent hydraulic diameter of 222μ*** subcooled flow boiling characteristics were comprehensively compared between pure HFE-7100 and a non-azeotropic,immiscible binary mixture of HFE-7100 and water,considering heating areas of 1 and 5 cm^(2).The total heating power input to the test section were 100–1500 and 250–3000 W for a 1 and 5 cm^(2)heat source,respectively,with a flow rate ranging from 50 to150 L/*** to pure HFE-7100,the non-azeotropic immiscible binary mixture of HFE-7100/water in the sintered porous microchannels exhibited a much higher overall heat transfer coefficient and lower power *** maintain the junction temperature of a high power electronic chip below 85℃,the proposed supercapillary microchannel heat sink could effectively dissipate the heat flux of 1275 W/cm^(2)over 1 cm^(2)heat source and 500 W/cm^(2)over 5 cm^(2)heat *** addition,the volume ratio of the binary mixture strongly influence the two-phase flow heat transfer *** optimal volume ratio exist in terms of the thermal resistance–pumping power minimization(HFE-7100:water=2:8 is recommended in this study).The findings of this investigation on the flow boiling properties of non-azeotropic immiscible mixtures help fill a gap in the related field.

关键词： microchannel sintered powder coating submicron nucleation cavities nonazeotropic immiscible ultra-high heat flux

RESTlogic: Detecting Logic Vulnerabilities in Cloud REST APIs

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 1797-1820页

作者： Ziqi Wang Weihan tian Baojiang Cui School of Cyberspace Security Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing100876China

logical testing model and resource lifecycle information,generate test cases and complete parameters,and alleviate inconsistency issues through parameter *** again,we propose a method of analyzing test results using joint state codes and call stack information,which compensates for the shortcomings of traditional analysis *** will apply our method to testing REST services,including OpenStack,an open source cloud operating platform for experimental *** have found a series of inconsistencies,known vulnerabilities,and new unknown logical defects.

关键词： Cloud services RESTful API logic defects inconsistency issues

A toroidal SAW gyroscope with focused IDTs for sensitivity enhancement

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 47-56页

作者： Lu tian Haitao Zhao Qiang Shen Honglong Chang Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Systems for Aerospace School of Mechanical EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072China

A surface acoustic wave(SAW)gyroscope measures the rate of rotational angular velocity by exploiting a phenomenon known as the SAW gyroscope *** a gyroscope is a great candidate for application in harsh environments because of the simplification of the suspension vibration mechanism necessary for traditional microelectromechanical system(MEMS)***,for the first time,we propose a novel toroidal standing-wave-mode SAW gyroscope using focused interdigitated transducers(FIDTs).Unlike traditional SAW gyroscopes that use linear IDTs to generate surface acoustic waves,which cause beam deflection and result in energy dissipation,this study uses FIDTs to concentrate the SAW energy based on structural features,resulting in better focusing performance and increased SAW *** experimental results reveal that the sensitivity of the structure is 1.51µV/(°/s),and the bias instability is 0.77°/s,which are improved by an order of magnitude compared to those of a traditional SAW ***,the FIDT component can enhance the performance of the SAW gyroscope,demonstrating its superiority for angular velocity *** work provides new insights into improving the sensitivity and performance of SAW gyroscopes.

关键词： angular deflection gyroscope

A super sandstorm altered the abundance and composition of airborne bacteria in Beijing

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第10期144卷 35-44页

作者： Fanxuan Xia Zhuo Chen Enze tian Jinhan Mo Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control Department of Building ScienceTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808China Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China College of Civil and Transportation Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Key Laboratory of Coastal Urban Resilient Infrastructures(Shenzhen University) Ministry of EducationShenzhen 518060China Key Laboratory of Eco Planning&Green Building(Tsinghua University) Ministry of EducationBeijing 100084China

Sandstorm,which injects generous newly emerging microbes into the atmosphere covering cities,adversely affects the air quality in built ***,few studies have examined the change of airborne bacteria during severe sandstorm *** this work,we analyzed the airborne bacteria during one of the strongest sandstorms in East Asia onMarch 15th,2021,which affected large areas of China and *** characteristics of the sandstorm were compared with those of the subsequent clean and haze *** composition of the bacterial community of air samples was investigated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)and high-throughput sequencing *** the sandstorm,the particulate matter(PM)concentration and bacterial richnesswere extremely high(PM2.5:207μg/m3;PM10:1630μg/m3;5700 amplicon sequence variants/m3).In addition,the sandstorm brought 10 pathogenic bacterial genera to the atmosphere,posing a grave hazard to human *** the sandstorm subsided,small bioaerosols(0.65–1.1μm)with a similar bacterial community remained suspended in the atmosphere,bringing possible long-lasting health risks.

关键词： Airborne bacteria Sandstorm Bioaerosol Haze Pathogen

DMF-scMT-seq linking methylome and transcriptome within single cells with digital microfluidics

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第6期67卷 2070-2078页

作者： Xing Xu Xi Zeng Xin Lin Shiyan Lin Shanshan Liang tian tian Rui Su Jia Song Chaoyong Yang Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and InstrumentationState Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesDepartment of Chemical BiologyCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen UniversityXiamen UniversityXiamen361005China Institute of Molecular Medicine Renji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200127China Chemistry and Materials Science College Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai200234China Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center(ChemBIC) School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China

Single-cell joint analysis of methylome and transcriptome reveals how the methylation regulates the transcriptional ***,traditional bench-top protocols for single-cell DNA methylation and RNA transcription co-detection are laborintensive,cost-ineffective and ***,we establish the DMF-sc MT-seq,a highly-efficient and cost-effective method to simultaneously analyze single-cell DNA methylation and transcriptional activity based on digital *** MT-seq automates the workflow of single-cell isolation,cellular hypotonic lysis,nucleic acid separation and methylome/transcriptome library construction in a contactless and addressable *** system ensures high accuracy(R>0.85),high gene detection ability(14,697 genes per cell at 4 million sequencing depth),and high CpG coverage(677,198 CpG sites per cell at 1million sequencing depth).By using DMF-sc MT-seq,the relationship of DNA methylation and RNA transcription under different genomic contexts is *** further apply DMF-sc MT-seq to study the dynamics of transcription regulation with methylation-inhibiting anti-tumor Decitabine,and identify the methylated promoter/gene body driven genes in response to Decitabine ***-sc MT-seq facilitates the construction of the correlation of DNA methylation and transcriptional activity at the single-cell level in a flexible,sensitive and accurate way,which is anticipated to be a powerful tool in studying single-cell biological systems.

关键词： single-cell analysis digital microfluidics methylome sequencing transcriptome sequencing

High-efficiently doping nitrogen in kapok fiber-derived hard carbon used as anode materials for boosting rate performance of sodium-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第9期96卷 472-482页

作者： tianyun Zhang tian Zhang Fujuan Wang Fen Ran School of Mechanical and Electronical Engineering Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou 730050GansuChina State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals School of Materials Science and EngineeringLanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou 730500GansuChina

The engineering of plant-based precursor for nitrogen doping has become one of the most promising strategies to enhance rate capability of hard carbon materials for sodium-ion batteries;however,the poor rate performance is mainly caused by lack of pyridine nitrogen,which often tends to escape because of high temperature in preparation process of hard *** this paper,a high-rate kapok fiber-derived hard carbon is fabricated by cross-linking carboxyl group in 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid with the exposed hydroxyl group on alkalized kapok with assistance of zinc ***,a high nitrogen doping content of 4.24%is achieved,most of which are pyridine nitrogen;this is crucial for improving the defect sites and electronic conductivity of hard *** optimized carbon with feature of high nitrogen content,abundant functional groups,degree of disorder,and large layer spacing exhibits high capacity of 401.7 mAh g^(−1)at a current density of 0.05 A g^(−1),and more importantly,good rate performance,for example,even at the current density of 2 A g^(−1),a specific capacity of 159.5 mAh g^(−1)can be *** findings make plant-based hard carbon a promising candidate for commercial application of sodium-ion batteries,achieving high-rate performance with the enhanced pre-cross-linking interaction between plant precursors and dopants to optimize aromatization process by auxiliary pyrolysis.

关键词： Kapok fiber Hard carbon Electrode materials Rate performance Sodium-ion batteries

Properties of Ultra-low Thermal Expansion LAS Transparent Glass-ceramics Prepared by Spodumene

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第3期39卷 541-550页

作者：何峰何子君 ZHOU Zhiqiang tian Yingliang ZHAO Zhiyong School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Department of Functional Material Research Central Iron and Steel Research InstituteBeijing 100081China School of Materials Science and Engineering Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China National Engineering Research Center of FPD Glass Technology Xianyang 712000China

The glass-ceramics were prepared with the spodumene mineral as the main raw material,and the effects of ZrO_(2)replacing TiO_(2)on the samples were systematically *** results show that the substitution of ZrO_(2)for TiO_(2)is not conductive to precipitate𝛽β-quartz solid solution phase,but can improve the transparency and flexural strength of *** the glass-ceramic with the highest visible light transmittance(87%)and flexural strength(231.80 MPa)exhibits an ultra-low thermal expansion of-0.028×10^(-7)K^(-1)in the region of 30-700℃.

关键词： ultra-low thermal expansion LAS transparent glass-ceramics substitution of ZrO_(2)for TiO_(2) spodumene mineral

Recycling the spent electronic materials to construct a highperformance Cu_(1.94)S/ZnS heterostructure anode of sodium-ion batteries

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4006-4015页

作者： Xiaowei He tianshuai Wang Lidong tian Qiuyu Zhang School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xi’an Key Laboratory of Functional Organic Porous MaterialsKey Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Chongqing Science and Technology Innovation Center of Northwestern Polytechnical University Chongqing 401135China College of Materials Science and Engineering Xi’an University Science and TechnologyXi’an 710054China

Heterostructure engineering by coupling different nanocrystals has received extensive attention because it can enhance the reaction kinetics of the anode of sodium-ion batteries(SIBs).However,constructing high-quality heterostructure anode materials through green and environmentally friendly methods remains a ***,we have proposed a simple one-step method by recycling the electronic waste metal materials to synthesize the Cu_(1.94)S/ZnS heterostructure *** with the experimental analysis and first principle calculations,we find that the synergistic effect of different components in heterostructure structures can significantly enhance the reversible capacity and rate performance of anode *** on the constructed Cu_(1.94)S/ZnS anode,we obtain a superior reversible capacity of 440 mAh·g^(-1) at 100 mA·g^(-1) and 335 mAh·g^(-1) after 3000 cycles at 2000 mA·g^(-1).Our work sheds new light on designing high-rate and capacity anodes for SIBs through the greenness synthesis method.

关键词： sodium-ion batteries heterostructure reversible capacity environmentally synthesis process