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Loss of tau expression attenuates neurodegeneration associated with α-synucleinopathy

作者： j.·乔伊斯(james joyce)

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2022年第1期11卷 426-442页

作者： Scott C.Vermilyea Anne Christensen joyce Meints Balvindar Singh Héctor Martell-Martínez MdRazaul Karim Michael K.Lee Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota-Twin Cities321 Church Street S.E.MinneapolisMNUSA6-145 Jackson Hall Institute for Translational Neuroscience University of Minnesota-Twin CitiesMin-neapolisMNUSA Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s(ASAP)Collaborative Research Network Chevy ChaseMDUSA University of Minnesota Medical School 420 Delaware Street SEMinneapolisMN 55455USA.

Background: Neuronal dysfunction and degeneration linked to α-synuclein (αS) pathology is thought to be responsible for the progressive nature of Parkinson’s disease and related dementia with Lewy bodies. Studies have indicated bidirectional pathological relationships between αS pathology and tau abnormalities. We recently showed that A53T mutant human αS (HuαS) can cause post-synaptic and cognitive deficits that require microtubule-associated protein tau expression. However, the role of tau in the development of αS pathology and subsequent neuronal dysfunction has been controversial. Herein, we set out to determine the role of tau in the onset and progression of αS pathology (α-synucleinopathy) using a transgenic mouse model of α-synucleinopathy lacking mouse tau expression. Methods: Transgenic mice expressing A53T mutant HuαS (TgA53T) were crossed with mTau−/− mice to generate TgA53T/mTau−/−. To achieve more uniform induction of α-synucleinopathy in mice, we used intramuscular injections of αS preformed fibrils (PFF) in non-transgenic (nTg), TgA53T, TgA53T/mTau−/−, and mTau−/− mice. Motor behavior was analyzed at 70 days post inoculation (dpi) of PFF and tissues for biochemical and neuropathological analysis were collected at 40 dpi, 70 dpi, and end stage. Results: Loss of tau expression significantly delayed the onset of motor deficits in the TgA53T model and the progression of α-synucleinopathy disease, as evidenced by a significant reduction in histopathological and behavioral markers of neurodegeneration and disease, and a significant improvement in survival. In vitro application of PFF to primary mouse hippocampal neurons demonstrated no changes in PFF uptake and processing or pS129 αS aggregation as a function of tau expression. However, PFF-induced neurotoxicity, including morphological deficits in nTg neurons, was prevented with tau removal. Conclusions: Collectively, our data suggest that tau is likely acting downstream of αS pathology to affect neuronal

关键词： α-Synuclein Tau Parkinson’s disease Lewy body disease Neurodegeneration

Patient safety and quality improvements in parotid surgery

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World journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2022年第2期8卷 133-138页

作者： Vidit Talati hannah j.Brown Tasher Losenegger Peter Revenaugh Samer Al-Khudari Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery Rush University Medical CenterChicagoIllinoisUSA Rush Medical College Rush University Medical CenterChicagoIllinoisUSA

Parotidectomy is the mainstay treatment for tumors of the parotid *** an effort to improve clinical outcomes,several modern surgical techniques and perioperative interventions have been evaluated and *** review discusses current and actively debated perioperative interventions aimed at improving patient safety and the quality of *** high-impact literature pertaining to preoperative diagnostic modalities,intraoperative surgical techniques,and postoperative care will be described.

关键词： parotid parotidectomy patient safety surgical quality

Invading from the garden？ A comparison of leaf herbivory for exotic and native plants in natural and ornamental settings

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Insect Science 2012年第6期19卷 677-682页

作者： Stephen F. Matter jessica R.Brzyski Christopher j. Harrison Sara Hyams Clement Loo jessica Loomis hannah R. Lubbers Leeann Seastrum Trevor I. Stamper Adam M. Stein Richard Stokes Brandy S. Wilkerson Department of Biological Sciences University of Cincinnati Cincinnati USA

The enemies release hypothesis proposes that exotic species can become in- vasive by escaping from predators and parasites in their novel environment. Agrawal et al. （Enemy release？ An experiment with congeneric plant pairs and diverse above- and below-ground enemies. Ecology, 86, 2979-2989） proposed that areas or times in which damage to introduced species is low provide opportunities for the invasion of native habitat. We tested whether ornamental settings may provide areas with low levels of herbivory for trees and shrubs, potentially facilitating invasion success. First, we compared levels of leaf herbivory among native and exotic species in ornamental and natural settings in Cincinnati, Ohio, United States. In the second study, we compared levels of herbivory for invasive and noninvasive exotic species between natural and ornamental settings. We found lower levels of leaf damage for exotic species than for native species; however, we found no differences in the amount of leaf damage suffered in ornamental or natural settings. Our results do not provide any evidence that ornamental settings afford additional release from herbivory for exotic plant species.

关键词： enemies release hypothesis forest herbivory host plant suburban urban

铜镍硫化物和海山富钴结壳的Re-Os标准物质研制

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作者： j.·乔伊斯(j. joyce)

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矿床地质 2010年第S1期29卷 831-832页

作者：屈文俊杜安道 Yang G 李超 Stein H j hannah j L 国家地质实验测试中心 AIRIE Program Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523-1482USA Geological Survey of Norway 7491 TrondheimNorway

Re-Os同位素系统是研究金属矿床成矿年代和成矿物质来源最直接和有效的方法,该方法的研究及应用,不但可以解决一大批金属矿床的成矿年代问题,而且将对区域成矿理论、成矿规律以及成矿学本身的发展产生深远的影响。另一方面,富钴结壳的... 详细信息

Re-Os同位素系统是研究金属矿床成矿年代和成矿物质来源最直接和有效的方法,该方法的研究及应用,不但可以解决一大批金属矿床的成矿年代问题,而且将对区域成矿理论、成矿规律以及成矿学本身的发展产生深远的影响。另一方面,富钴结壳的年代学是目前结壳地质基础理论研究中的难点和热点之一,由于Os同位素能够提供一些其他同位素如Pb、Nd、Sr所无法给出的重要信息,在示踪物源、古海洋环境、

关键词：富钴结壳铜镍硫化物矿床同位素比值金属矿床标准物质研制成矿年代成矿物质来源海山成矿规律古海洋环境

Endoscopic balloon catheter dilatation via retrograde or static technique is safe and effective for cricopharyngeal dysfunction

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World journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2017年第4期9卷 183-188页

作者： Vinay Chandrasekhara joyce Koh Lakshmi Lattimer Kerry B Dunbar William j Ravich john O Clarke Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal Medicinethe Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions Gastroenterology Division Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Pennsylvania Health System Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine South Pavilion Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Depart-ment of Internal Medicinethe George Washington University Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical SchoolDallas VA Medical Center

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of upper esophageal sphincter (UES) dilatation for cricopharyngeal (CP) dysfunction. To determine if: (1) indication for dilatation; or (2) technique of dilatation correlated with symptom improvement. METHODSAll balloon dilatations performed at our institution from over a 3-year period were retrospectively analyzed for demographics, indication and dilatation site. All dilatations involving the UES underwent further review to determine efficacy, complications, and factors that predict success. Dilatation technique was separated into static (stationary balloon distention) and retrograde (brusque pull-back of a fully distended balloon across the UES). RESULTSFour hundred and eighty-eight dilatations were reviewed. Thirty-one patients were identified who underwent UES dilatation. Median age was 63 years (range 27-81) and 55% of patients were male. Indications included dysphagia (28 patients), globus sensation with evidence of UES dysfunction (2 patients) and obstruction to echocardiography probe with cricopharyngeal (CP) bar (1 patient). There was evidence of concurrent oropharyngeal dysfunction in 16 patients (52%) and a small Zenker’s diverticula (≤ 2 cm) in 7 patients (23%). Dilator size ranged from 15 mm to 20 mm. Of the 31 patients, 11 had dilatation of other esophageal segments concurrently with UES dilatation and 20 had UES dilatation alone. Follow-up was available for 24 patients for a median of 2.5 mo (interquartile range 1-10 mo), of whom 19 reported symptomatic improvement (79%). For patients undergoing UES dilatation alone, follow-up was available for 15 patients, 12 of whom reported improvement (80%). Nineteen patients underwent retrograde dilatation (84% response) while 5 patients had static dilatation (60% response); however, there was no significant difference in symptom improvement between the techniques (P = 0.5). Successful symptom resolution was also not significantly affected by dilator size, oropharyngeal dysfunc

关键词： Cricopharygeal dysfunction Cricopharyngeal bar Dysphagia Esophageal dilatation Endoscopic balloon dilation

Tipping the balance:Haemoglobinopathies and the risk ofdiabetes

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World journal of Diabetes 2016年第1期7卷 8-13页

作者： Henry j Baldwin Aislinn E Green Kayleigh M Spellar Philip j Arthur hannah G Phillips jeetesh V Patel University of Nottingham Medical School Nottingham NG7 2UHUnited Kingdom University of Birmingham Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS TrustWest Midlands B18 7QHUnited Kingdom Sandwell Medical Research Unit LyndonSandwell General HospitalWest Midlands B71 4HJUnited Kingdom

AIM: To establish a link between the risk of diabetes with haemoglobinopathies by examining available evidence of the effects of iron and blood glucose homeostasis from molecular to epidemiological ***: A systematic literature search was performed using electronic literature databases using various search terms. The International Diabetes Federation World Atlas was used to generate a list of populations with high rates of diabetes. Pub Med, Scopus and Google Scholar were used to identify which of these populations also had a reported prevalence of haemoglobin ***: Abnormalities in iron homeostasis leads to increases in reactive oxygen species in the blood. This promotes oxidative stress which contributes to peripheral resistance to insulin in two ways:(1) reduced insulin/insulin receptor interaction; and(2) β-cell dysfunction. Hepcidin is crucial in terms of maintaining appropriate amounts of iron in the body and is in turn affected by haemoglobinopathies. Hepcidin also has other metabolic effects in places such as the liver but so far the extent of these is not well understood. It does however directly control the levels of serum ferritin. High serum ferritin is found in obese patients and those with diabetes and a meta-analysis of the various studies shows that high serum ferritin does indeed increase diabetes ***: From an epidemiological standpoint, it is plausible that the well-documented protective effects of haemoglobinopathies with regard to malaria may have also offered other evolutionary advantages. By contributing to peripheral insulin resistance, haemoglobinopathies may have helped to sculpt the so-called "thrifty genotype", which hypothetically is advantageous in times of famine. The prevalence data however is not extensive enough to provide concrete associations between diabetes and haemoglobinopathies- more precise studies are required.

关键词： Diabetes Ferritin Haemoglobinopathy Ironmetabolism Malaria

Measurement of Electron Return Effect and Skin Dose Reduction by a Bolus in an Anthropomorphic Physical Phantom under a Magnetic Resonance Guided Linear Accelerator (MR-LINAC) System

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International journal of Medical Physics, Clinical Engineering and Radiation Oncology 2018年第3期7卷 339-346页

作者： Eun Young Han Zhifei Wen hannah j. Lee Arnold dela Cruz Paulino Choonsik Lee Department of Radiation Physics The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX USA Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Rockville USA

Background: Magnetic resonance image-guided radiation therapy (MR-IGRT) promises more precise and effective radiation treatments compared to conventional IGRT by using real-time on-board MR imaging. Under the influence of a magnetic field, however, secondary electrons exiting a surface can be forced in a circular path and re-enter the medium, resulting in dose increase at a beam-exit surface, called the electron return effect (ERE). The purpose of the study is to compare the exit skin dose computed by Monte Carlo dose calculation with measurements using an adult anthropomorphic phantom and to measure the effect of skin dose reduction by adding 1 cm-thick bolus. Method: The plan was compared with measurements using an adult anthropomorphic phantom combined with radiochromic films and thermoluminescent dosimeters. We also measured the skin dose reduction by adding 1 cm-thick bolus on the frontal surface of the phantom. Results: We found that 1 cm-thick bolus reduced the skin dose by up to 20% both in measurements and calculations. The plan was found to overestimate the measured skin dose by about 10% and there was no significant difference in the bolus effect between the breast skin and the skin (without breast attachment) doses. Conclusion: In conclusion, we confirmed the ERE effect on the anthropomorphic phantom under the magnetic field and the exit skin dose reduction by adding a bolus. Skin dose measurements using anthropomorphic phantom may be helpful to evaluate more realistic skin dose and the bolus effect in the magnetic field.

关键词： MR-Linac Electron Return Effect Skin Dose

A Collaborative Service to the Community: A COVID Vaccine Clinic Provided by a Mid-State University

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Open journal of Nursing 2022年第7期12卷 496-504页

作者： Amanda j. Flagg Sherri L. Stevens joyce Finch Michelle Finch Barbara Lancaster Tabby Ragland School of Nursing Middle Tennessee State University Murfreesboro TN USA

The opportunity to offer immediate service to a local community in need of an additional COVID Vaccine Clinic was welcomed by the School of Nursing (SON) at Middle Tennessee State University (MTSU). This opportunity not only opened a door by providing a much-needed community service but also afforded students an enriching opportunity to enhance their clinical skills in a venue not always recognized as an available or accessible resource. A COVID Vaccine Clinic was planned in collaboration with the School of Nursing, University Health Services, and the County Health Department to provide COVID vaccines to the Middle Tennessee area. A multidisciplinary committee met weekly to organize the COVID Vaccine Clinic opening this opportunity to the community two days per week. During the initial COVID Vaccine Clinic planning committee meetings, a variety of roles and responsibilities were identified to ensure the clinic would be planned, coordinated, and organized as efficiently as possible. When the clinic opened, weekly meetings continued to identify issues such as supply distribution problems, procedures related to various aspects of care, and debriefings describing the activities of each clinic day to note any areas in need of improvements. The School of Nursing Lobby, located on the MTSU campus, was the designated area chosen for the clinic. Many faculty and students along with numerous campus volunteers worked together enabling thousands of members of the community to receive vaccinations. The interdisciplinary experience was a success and served to bring positive learning outcomes to all members of the faculty and students involved.

关键词： COVID Vaccine Clinic Nursing Education Student Learning