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Pharmacist’s Evaluation of Natural Ingredients in Topical Products for Rheumatoid Arthritis

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The Authority of Age： Institutions for Childhood Development in China, 1895-1910

Pharmacology ＆ Pharmacy 2022年第8期

作者： hanna tillman juliana gassmann shelby stensgard alex nguyen nicholas tieu markus melbardis hayden gharibyar

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Frontiers of History in China 2012年第1期7卷 32-60页

作者： Margaret tillman Department of History University of California at Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720-2550 USA

The structure of aged-based education and the science of childhood development were introduced to China in the last decades of the Qing dynasty. Drawing on period textbooks, journal articles, and school documents for women and children, this study argues that the theory of childhood development helped shape socialized play and citizenship training in new schools. These new institutions followed scientific insights about childhood development in terms of both physical and emotional growth. Educators hoped to found schools that would inculcate respect for political authority within the classroom, and administrators took unprecedented steps in documenting and regulating children. Schools not only became places for disseminating learning, but also centers for gathering information about children and their families, as well as about childhood itself. The production of knowledge and the institutionalization of schools for preschool children helped usher in new trends that denaturalized childrearing outside of the family domain.

关键词： late-Qing educational reforms early childhood education age-based developmental learning caregivers (baomu)

Phosphorus fertilizer induced changes in the soil available P,the P nutrition and the growth of Pinus radiata seedlings grown in association with understory

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Journal of Forestry Research 2010年第2期21卷 129-136,I0003页

作者： Achmad Arivin Rivaie Russ Williams tillman Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development Soil and Earth Sciences Institute of Natural ResourcesMassey University

A study was carried out to investigate changes in the soil plant-available P,the P nutrition and the growth of Pinus radiata seedlings grown in association with understory,broom（Cytisus scoparius L.） or ryegrass（Lolium multiflorum） on Orthic Allophanic Soil,following the application of three rates of triple superphosphate（TSP）（0,50,and 100 mg·kg^-1P） under a glasshouse *** application of P fertilizer enhanced P availability in the rhizospheric of radiata seedlings and the bulk soils in a P-deficient site.P availability in the rhizospheric soils of ryegrass and broom,grown in association with radiata,were also increased by the presence of radiata roots.P concentrations in new shoot needles,old shoot needles,stem and roots of radiata pine increased with increase rates of TSP application,but the effects of ryegrass and broom on P nutrition of radiata seedlings depended on the soil P *** the absence of P fertilizer addition（control treatment）,P concentrations in new shoot needles,old shoot needles,stem,and roots of radiata grown in association with broom were higher than those with ryegrass,whereas,when P fertilizer was added（50 and 100 mg·kg^-1） the P concentration was *** is probably related to the growth of broom that may have removed much of the plant-available P in the soil as indicated by the consistently lower Bray-2 P concentration in the rhizosphere soil of radiata in association with broom than that in the rhizosphere soil of radiata in association with grass at the two high P ***,in the high P fertile soil（application rate of 100 mg·kg^-1）,the dry matter yield of radiata was lower when it was grown with broom than with *** result suggests that in moderate to high P fertile soils,*** seedlings grow better with ryegrass than with broom,because broom grows vigorously in high P fertile soil and competes with *** for P and perhaps for other nutrients as well.

关键词： phosphorus fertilizer Pinus radiata understory rhizosphere soil available P P nutrition plant growth

Phosphorus fractions of fertiliser-derived P in an allophanic soil under Pinus radiata seedlings grown with broom and ryegrass

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Journal of Forestry Research 2009年第3期20卷 229-236,286页

作者： Achmad Arivin Rivaie Russ Williams tillman Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development Soil and Earth Sciences Institute of Natural Resources Massey University

Changes in phosphorus (P) fractions in a P deficient allophanic soil under P. radiata seedlings grown with broom (Cytisus scoparius L.) and ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) in pots were studied 14 months after the application of triple superphosphate at the rates of 0, 50, and 100 μg·g-1, to determine the fate of fertiliser-derived P in the rhizosphere soils. Application of P fertiliser increased NaOH-Pi, NaOH-Po, and H2SO4-Pi concentrations in the soil, but decreased the residual-P concentration. The resin-Pi concentration, which is extremely low in this soil (1 to 3 μg·g-1 ), remained the same. The majority of the added fertiliser P was however recovered in the NaOH-Pi fraction (40%?49%). This is due to the high P fixation in this soil (92%). The second highest P recovery was in NaOH-Po fraction (7%?19%). Under P deficient condition or addition at the rate of 0 μg·g-1, the NaOH-Pi concentration in the radiata rhizosphere soil was lower than that in the bulk soil and broom and grass rhizosphere soils. This may be due to higher oxalate production by the roots and mycorrhiza under P deficient conditions which released some of the P fixed to the soils in the rhizosphere, which needs to be tested in future studies.

关键词： Cytisus scoparius Lolium multiflorum phosphorus fertiliser Pinus radiate rhizosphere soil phosphorus fractions

Male Burmese pythons follow female scent trails and show sex-specific behaviors

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Integrative Zoology 2019年第5期14卷 460-469页

作者： Shannon A.RICHARD Eric A.tillman John S.HUMPHREY Michael L.AVERY M.Rockwell PARKER Department of Biology James Madison UniversityHarrisonburgVirginiaUSA National Wildlife Research Center Florida Field StationU.S.Department of AgricultureGainesvilleFloridaUSA

Animals communicate with potential mates using species-specific signals,and pheromones are powerful sexual signals that modify conspecific behavior to facilitate mate *** the vertebrates,snakes are especially adept in mate searching via chemical trailing,which is particularly relevant given that many snake species are invasive outside their native *** signals used in mate choice are,thus,potentially valuable tools for management of invasive snake *** Burmese python(Python bivittatus)is an invasive snake in the Florida Everglades where it is negatively impacting native *** this study,we sought to:(i)determine if males can follow conspecific chemical trails in a Y-maze;and(ii)describe the mate searching behaviors exhibited by males while *** males consistently followed a single female scent trail in the maze,but when only a male scent trail was present they did not discriminate between the male and blank *** of tongue-flicking,a proxy for chemosensory sampling,was also marginally higher when males were following female versus male scent ***,when both female and male scent trails were simultaneously present in the Y-maze,males did not show a preference for the female arm,although the tongue-flick rate was higher in the female-only trial compared to female versus *** of multiple male behaviors individually and using an ethogram revealed that behaviors were more frequent and complex in the female-only trials compared to male-only *** behavioral trials are needed to determine if an effective pheromonal approach to Burmese python management is possible.

关键词： chemical ecology invasive species pheromone snake trailing

Intolerable Cruelty： Marriage, Law, and Society in Early Twentieth-Century China

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Frontiers of History in China 2014年第3期9卷 475-478页

作者： Margaret Mih tillman Purdue University

In Intolerable Cruelty： Marriage, Law, and Society in Early Twentieth-Century China, Margaret Kuo argues that legal reforms allowed wives in the Republican era unprecedented opportunities to leave abusive or undesirable marriages. In addition to reevaluating Republican-era law, Kuo significantly contributes to scholarship by acknowledging the agency of the wives who brought forth their cases in court. In contrast to CCP scholarship that ＂has worked to expunge GMD contributions＂ to women＇s rights and family law （p. 12）, Kuo argues that the Republican era offered flexible solutions during ＂an important transitional period＂（19. 198）.

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Gao, Yunxiang, Sporting Gender.＂ Women Athletes and Celebrity-Making during China＇s National Crisis, 1931-45

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Frontiers of History in China 2014年第4期9卷 631-634页

作者： Margaret Mih tillman Purdue University

In Sporting Gender.＂ Women Athletes and Celebrity-Making During China＇s National Crisis, 1931-45, Yunxiang Gao argues that standards of waif-like beauty in the 1920s gave way to a new aesthetic of robust and athletic femininity （jianmei） in visual media in the 1930s. Female athletes challenged traditional norms by exposing themselves and bearing their skin in public, but they navigated between the politically acceptable ＂New Woman＂ model and the socially subversive ＂Modem Girl＂ model.

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Invasive black spiny-tailed iguanas(Ctenosaura similis)on Gasparilla Island,Florida,USA

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Integrative Zoology 2014年第5期9卷 590-597页

作者： Michael L.AVERY Eric A.tillman Conny SPURFELD Richard M.ENGEMAN Kelin P.MACIEJEWSKI Jessica D.BROWN Emily A.FETZER United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services(USDA-WS)National Wildlife Research CenterFlorida Field StationGainesvilleFloridaUSA USDA-WS GainesvilleFloridaUSA USDA-WS National Wildlife Research CenterFort CollinsColorado USA Berryman Institute Mississippi State UniversityStarkvilleMississippiUSA

The native range of Ctenosaura similis extends from southern Mexico through Panama. From an initial introduction of 3 animals in 1979, the species now numbers in the thousands on Gasparilla Island in southwest Florida. In response to complaints of property damage from residents and threats to native species, local officials and the US Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services began a removal program in 2008. Through 2011, trappers removed 9467 ctenosaurs. The number removed declined from 32 iguanas/day in 2008 to 1.9 iguanas/day in 2011 despite no easing of the control effort. We necropsied 2757 ctenosaurs to document aspects of their natural history. Females outnumbered males overall, although the largest size class (>300 mm snout-vent length) included 32 males and just 2 females. Reproduction was seasonal. We found oviducal eggs in females from early Apr to early Jun, approximately 2 months later than C. similis in its native range. We trapped hatchlings from late Jul to early Oct coincident with the summer rainy season. Clutch size increased with female body size, with 62 being the largest clutch size recorded. In general, the biology of the invasive population on Gasparilla Island resembles native C. similis populations in Central America, except for the lack of large individuals. We suggest that shorter day length and colder temperatures create environmental conditions that are suboptimal for individual growth compared to those in the native range.

关键词： Ctenosaura similis Florida invasive reptile population control spiny-tailed iguana

纳米改性涂层及焊接工艺参数对无镀铜实心焊丝导电嘴磨损影响的研究进展

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材料工程 2017年第12期45卷 135-146页

作者：栗卓新万千张天理 tillman Wolfgang 北京工业大学材料科学与工程学院北京100124 多特蒙德工业大学材料工程研究所德国多特蒙德24427

环保型无镀铜实心焊丝是气保护实心焊丝发展的主要趋势,而导电嘴磨损是其应用的瓶颈,综述了无镀铜实心焊丝表面纳米改性涂层及焊接工艺参数对导电嘴磨损的影响,认为:纳米颗粒在无镀铜实心焊丝与导电嘴的摩擦界面形成摩擦反应膜可以减少... 详细信息

环保型无镀铜实心焊丝是气保护实心焊丝发展的主要趋势,而导电嘴磨损是其应用的瓶颈,综述了无镀铜实心焊丝表面纳米改性涂层及焊接工艺参数对导电嘴磨损的影响,认为:纳米颗粒在无镀铜实心焊丝与导电嘴的摩擦界面形成摩擦反应膜可以减少导电嘴的磨损;纳米改性涂层可使焊丝表面的油膜具有优异的润滑、导电、导热三重特性,是减少导电嘴磨损的可行途径;导电嘴的磨损随焊接电流的升高而增大,直流反接(Direct-current Electrode Positive,DCEP)时导电嘴的磨损比直流正接(Direct-current Electrode Negative,DCEN)时严重;电弧烧蚀和电流腐蚀是导电嘴磨损的主要机制。

关键词：无镀铜实心焊丝导电嘴磨损纳米改性涂层焊接工艺参数