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sTREM-1 as promising prognostic biomarker for acute-on-chronic liver failure and mortality in patients with acute decompensation of cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1177-1188页

作者： Song-Man Yu Hai Li Guo-Hong Deng Xian-Bo Wang Xin Zheng Jin-Jun Chen Zhong-Ji Meng Yu-Bao Zheng yan-hang Gao Zhi-Ping Qian Feng Liu Xiao-Bo Lu Yu Shi Jia Shang Ruo-Chan Chen yan Huang Department of Infectious Diseases Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha 410000Hunan ProvinceChina Department of Gastroenterology Renji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200127China Department of Infectious Diseases Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University(Army Medical University)Chongqing 400038China Center of Integrative Medicine Beijing Ditan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100020China Department of Infectious Diseases Institute of Infection and ImmunologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430020Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Infectious Diseases Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Infectious Disease Taihe HospitalHubei University of MedicineShiyan 442009Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Infectious Diseases The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510630Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Hepatology The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021Jilin ProvinceChina Department of Liver Intensive Care Unit Shanghai Public Health Clinical CentreFudan UniversityShanghai 200093China Tianjin Institute of Hepatology Nankai University Second People's HospitalTianjin 300192China Infectious Disease Center The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqi 830054Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionChina The State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases The First Affiliated Hospital of School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310003Zhejiang ProvineChina Department of Infectious Diseases Henan Provincial People's HospitalZhengzhou 463599Henan ProvineChina Department of Infectious Diseases Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral HepatitisXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha 110051Hunan ProvineChina

BACKGROUND Acute decompensation(AD)of cirrhosis is associated with high short-term mortality,mainly due to the development of acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF).Thus,there is a need for biomarkers for early and accurate identification of AD patients with high risk of development of ACLF and *** triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1(sTREM-1)is released from activated innate immune cells and correlated with various inflammatory *** To explore the prognostic value of sTREM-1 in patients with AD of *** A multicenter prospective cohort of 442 patients with cirrhosis hospitalized for AD was divided into a study cohort(n=309)and validation cohort(n=133).Demographic and clinical data were collected,and serum sTREM-1 was measured at *** enrolled patients were followed-up for at least 1 *** In patients with AD and cirrhosis,serum sTREM-1 was an independent prognosis predictor for 1-year survival and correlated with liver,coagulation,cerebral and kidney failure.A new prognostic model of AD(P-AD)incorporating sTREM-1,blood urea nitrogen(BUN),total bilirubin(TBil),international normalized ratio(INR)and hepatic encephalopathy grades was established and performed better than the model for end-stage liver disease(MELD),MELD-sodium(MELD-Na),chronic liver failure-consortium(CLIF-C)ACLF and CLIF-C AD ***,sTREM-1 was increased in ACLF and predicted the development of ACLF during first 28-d *** ACLF risk score incorporating serum sTREM-1,BUN,INR,TBil and aspartate aminotransferase levels was established and significantly superior to MELD,MELD-Na,CLIF-C ACLF,CLIF-C AD and P-AD in predicting risk of ACLF *** Serum sTREM-1 is a promising prognostic biomarker for ACLF development and mortality in patients with AD of cirrhosis.

关键词： Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell-1 Acute decompensation Cirrhosis Acute-on-chronic liver failure Prognostic biomarker

微积分、连续体的解构:论活力争论与莱布尼茨动力学的开端

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科学技术哲学研究 2024年第3期41卷 84-90页

作者：严杭迪复旦大学哲学学院上海200433

守恒问题是物理学的重要问题之一。莱布尼茨的相关探讨引发了科学史上著名的“活力争论”,争论围绕的是何者守恒(运动还是力)以及守恒量的测算公式。通过对运动的存在论考察,莱布尼茨将这一物理学问题推到形而上学,发展出反笛卡尔的物理... 详细信息

守恒问题是物理学的重要问题之一。莱布尼茨的相关探讨引发了科学史上著名的“活力争论”,争论围绕的是何者守恒(运动还是力)以及守恒量的测算公式。通过对运动的存在论考察,莱布尼茨将这一物理学问题推到形而上学,发展出反笛卡尔的物理学-形而上学体系。他运用独创的微积分方法,解构包括运动和时空在内的连续体,将运动还原到力,并建立了时空的相对性理论。这一考察拆除了运动的“通过自身的实在性”,使得莱氏以实体形式为核心的动力学得以可能。在这一进路中,微积分是理解莱布尼茨思想的重要环节,学界对此未有足够的阐发。文章的考察表明,其哲学体系是数学、物理学和形而上学的有机统一体。

关键词：莱布尼茨笛卡尔动力学连续体活力

MOSS:An Open Conversational Large Language Model

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第5期21卷 888-905页

作者： Tianxiang Sun Xiaotian Zhang Zhengfu He Peng Li Qinyuan Cheng Xiangyang Liu hang yan Yunfan Shao Qiong Tang Shiduo Zhang Xingjian Zhao Ke Chen Yining Zheng Zhejian Zhou Ruixiao Li Jun Zhan Yunhua Zhou Linyang Li Xiaogui yang Lingling Wu Zhangyue Yin Xuanjing Huang Yu-Gang Jiang Xipeng Qiu Fudan University Shanghai200438China

Conversational large language models(LLMs)such as ChatGPT and GPT-4 have recently exhibited remarkable capabilities across various domains,capturing widespread attention from the *** facilitate this line of research,in this paper,we report the development of MOSS,an open-sourced conversational LLM that contains 16 B parameters and can perform a variety of instructions in multi-turn interactions with *** base model of MOSS is pre-trained on large-scale unlabeled English,Chinese,and code *** optimize the model for dialogue,we generate 1.1 M synthetic conversations based on user prompts collected through our earlier versions of the model *** then perform preference-aware training on preference data annotated from AI *** results on real-world use cases and academic benchmarks demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed *** addition,we present an effective practice to augment MOSS with several external *** the development of MOSS,we have established a complete technical roadmap for large language models from pre-training,supervised fine-tuning to alignment,verifying the feasibility of chatGPT under resource-limited conditions and providing a reference for both the academic and industrial *** weights and code are publicly available at https://***/OpenMOSS/MOSS.

关键词： Large language models natural language processing pre-training alignment chatGPT MOSS

SrCl_(2)-KCl-MgCl_(2)熔体中氯化镁的电化学行为和镁锶共沉积机理

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2024年第7期34卷 2381-2392页

作者：赵佳闫艺航张皓高华阳张烨路贵民华东理工大学国家盐湖资源综合利用工程技术研究中心上海200237 华东理工大学钾锂战略资源国际联合实验室上海200237 华东理工大学化工学院上海200237

采用循环伏安法、方波伏安法、开路电位等电化学手段评估SrCl_(2)-KCl共晶体系中MgCl_(2)的电化学行为和Mg、Sr共沉积机理。在SrCl_(2)-KCl体系中,Mg(Ⅱ)在钨电极的还原属于一步两电子的准可逆过程;Mg、Sr的电化学共沉积过程形成两种Mg... 详细信息

采用循环伏安法、方波伏安法、开路电位等电化学手段评估SrCl_(2)-KCl共晶体系中MgCl_(2)的电化学行为和Mg、Sr共沉积机理。在SrCl_(2)-KCl体系中,Mg(Ⅱ)在钨电极的还原属于一步两电子的准可逆过程;Mg、Sr的电化学共沉积过程形成两种Mg-Sr金属间化合物。基于计时电流法探索共沉积过程的成核类型随过电位的演变关系,结果显示,电极表面的成核模式依赖于基体材料和电极反应产物。所有过电位下对应的前期成核归因于Mg(Ⅱ)的还原。当Mg和Sr共同沉积时,首先是Mg(Ⅱ)在电极表面还原,形成Mg核,随后同时进行Sr(Ⅱ)在Mg表面欠电位沉积和Mg的沉积。此外,随着SrCl_(2)-KCl体系中MgCl_(2)浓度的增加,Mg-Sr共沉积过程中的电流密度相应增加。

关键词：氯化镁电化学行为扩散系数成核机理共沉积

Characterization of acute-on-chronic liver diseases: A multicenter prospective cohort study

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第5期16卷 809-821页

作者： Yuan-Yao Zhang Sen Luo Hai Li Shu-Ning Sun Xian-Bo Wang Xin Zheng yan Huang Bei-Ling Li yan-hang Gao Zhi-Ping Qian Feng Liu Xiao-Bo Lu Jun-Ping Liu Hao-Tang Ren Yu-Bao Zheng Hua-Dong yan Guo-Hong Deng Liang Qiao yan Zhang Wen-Yi Gu Xiao-Mei Xiang Yi Zhou Yi-Xin Hou Qun Zhang yan Xiong Cong-Cong Zou Jun Chen Ze-Bing Huang Xiu-Hua Jiang Ting-Ting Qi Yuan-Yuan Chen Na Gao Chun-yan Liu Wei Yuan Xue Mei Jing Li Tao Li Rong-Jiong Zheng Xin-Yi Zhou Jun Zhao Zhong-Ji Meng Department of Infectious Disease Institute of Biomedical ResearchRegulatory Mechanism and Targeted Therapy for Liver Cancer Shiyan Key LaboratoryHubei provincial Clinical Research Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver CancerTaihe HospitalHubei University of MedicineShiyan 442000Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Gastroenterology Renji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200120China Department of Infectious Diseases Southwest HospitalThe Third Military Medical University(Army Medical University)Chongqing 400000China Center of Integrative Medicine Beijing Ditan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100020China Department of Infectious Diseases Institute of Infection and ImmunologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430020Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Infectious Diseases Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral HepatitisXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha 110051Hunan ProvinceChina Hepatology Unit Department of Infectious DiseasesNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Hepatology The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021Jilin ProvinceChina Department of Liver Intensive Care Unit Shanghai Public Health Clinical CentreFudan UniversityShanghai 200093China Tianjin Institute of Hepatology Nankai University Second People's HospitalTianjin 300192China Infectious Disease Center The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqi 830054Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionChina Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology The Second Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan 250000Shandong ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseaseThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310000Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Infectious Diseases The Thir

BACKGROUND Acute-on-chronic liver disease(AoCLD)accounts for the majority of patients hospitalized in the Department of Hepatology or Infectious *** To explore the characterization of AoCLD to provide theoretical guidance for the accurate diagnosis and prognosis of *** Patients with AoCLD from the Chinese Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure(ACLF)study cohort were included in this *** clinical characteristics and outcomes,and the 90-d survival rate associated with each clinical type of AoCLD were analyzed,using the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank *** A total of 3375 patients with AoCLD were enrolled,including 1679(49.7%)patients with liver cirrhosis acute decompensation(LC-AD),850(25.2%)patients with ACLF,577(17.1%)patients with chronic hepatitis acute exacer-bation(CHAE),and 269(8.0%)patients with liver cirrhosis active phase(LC-A).The most common cause of chronic liver disease(CLD)was HBV infection(71.4%).The most common precipitants of AoCLD was bacterial infection(22.8%).The 90-d mortality rates of each clinical subtype of AoCLD were 43.4%(232/535)for type-C ACLF,36.0%(36/100)for type-B ACLF,27.0%(58/215)for type-A ACLF,9.0%(151/1679)for LC-AD,3.0%(8/269)for LC-A,and 1.2%(7/577)for *** HBV infection is the main cause of CLD,and bacterial infection is the main precipitant of *** most common clinical type of AoCLD is *** diagnosis and timely intervention are needed to reduce the mortality of patients with LC-AD or ACLF.

关键词： Acute-on-chronic liver disease Acute-on-chronic liver failure Liver cirrhosis Clinical features Prognosis

过程管理视角下能源结构的低碳建设水平诊断:基于中国36个重点城市的实证研究

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现代城市研究 2024年第1期39卷 36-43页

作者：韩璐陈紫微申立银刘燕严行浙大城市学院国土空间规划学院浙大城市学院国土空间规划研究院重庆大学管理科学与房地产学院武汉理工大学土木工程与建筑学院

全球气候变化正在深刻影响着人类的生存和发展,低碳城市建设迫在眉睫。城市能源结构低碳建设已成为当今国际社会面临的共同挑战,对于低碳城市建设的整体成效具有重大影响。文章基于过程管理视角构建了城市能源结构低碳建设水平诊断指标... 详细信息

全球气候变化正在深刻影响着人类的生存和发展,低碳城市建设迫在眉睫。城市能源结构低碳建设已成为当今国际社会面临的共同挑战,对于低碳城市建设的整体成效具有重大影响。文章基于过程管理视角构建了城市能源结构低碳建设水平诊断指标体系,以中国36个重点城市为样本,系统诊断了城市的能源结构低碳建设水平,剖析其存在的主要问题,并提出对策与建议。研究发现:(1)样本城市能源结构低碳建设水平总体得分不高,仍有很大的提升空间;(2)城市能源结构低碳建设在过程管理的5大环节上表现差异较大,总体呈现“重规划和实施,轻检查和反馈”的状况;(3)36个重点城市的能源结构低碳建设存在明显的空间异质性,东部沿海地区的城市能源结构低碳建设表现相对较好,而东北和西北内陆一些城市能源结构低碳建设的水平还有待提高。文章旨在丰富城市能源结构低碳建设水平诊断的理论基础,助力管理者明晰低碳建设的长处和短板,为提升能源结构低碳建设水平提供决策依据。

关键词：低碳城市能源结构过程管理水平诊断指标体系

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郑州大学学报（医学版） 2024年第1期59卷 99-103页

作者：秦迁杨阳闫肃闫航王守俊丁素英郑州大学第一附属医院健康管理中心郑州450052 郑州大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学教研室郑州450001 郑州大学第一附属医院内分泌与代谢病科郑州450052

目的:探讨TyG指数、血压、血糖相关指标与单纯性超重/肥胖患者早期肾功能损伤(ERFI)的关系及交互作用。方法:选取2017年1月至2021年12月于郑州大学第一附属医院体检的BMI≥24 kg/m 2者3956例为研究对象,按尿白蛋白与肌酐比值(UACR)分组,... 详细信息

目的:探讨TyG指数、血压、血糖相关指标与单纯性超重/肥胖患者早期肾功能损伤(ERFI)的关系及交互作用。方法:选取2017年1月至2021年12月于郑州大学第一附属医院体检的BMI≥24 kg/m 2者3956例为研究对象,按尿白蛋白与肌酐比值(UACR)分组,8.77(OR=2.138,95%CI:1.411~3.240)、正常血压高值(OR=2.450,95%CI:1.652~3.635)和HbA1c 5.61%~<7.00%(OR=1.510,95%CI:1.024~2.226)是单纯性超重/肥胖患者ERFI的危险因素。TyG指数与血压有交互作用(RERI=1.754,95%CI:-0.126~3.636;APAB=0.405,95%CI:0.068~0.741)。结论:TyG指数≥8.77、正常血压高值和HbA1c 5.61%~<7.00%可增加单纯性超重/肥胖患者ERFI的患病风险,且血压与TyG指数存在交互作用。

关键词：单纯性超重/肥胖甘油三酯葡萄糖指数早期肾功能损伤正常血压高值交互作用

基于流固耦合的固体发动机复合喷管烧蚀型面演变

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推进技术 2024年第7期45卷 113-123页

作者：陈旭龙闫航张春宇冯喜平侯晓西北工业大学燃烧、热结构与内流场重点实验室陕西西安710072

由于材料烧蚀性能不同,固体火箭发动机复合喷管普遍存在烧蚀台阶,严重影响喷管结构完整性,降低喷管性能。为了预示固体火箭发动机复合结构喷管内不同热防护材料交接处的烧蚀台阶型面演变过程,建立了一种能反映喷管两相流环境下防热材料... 详细信息

由于材料烧蚀性能不同,固体火箭发动机复合喷管普遍存在烧蚀台阶,严重影响喷管结构完整性,降低喷管性能。为了预示固体火箭发动机复合结构喷管内不同热防护材料交接处的烧蚀台阶型面演变过程,建立了一种能反映喷管两相流环境下防热材料烧蚀过程的流固耦合计算方法。依据热化学烧蚀与粒子侵蚀机理,考虑瞬态计算中烧蚀型面的退移,模拟了石墨-高硅氧/酚醛复合喷管烧蚀型面演化过程,验证了计算方法的有效性。模拟得到的收敛段烧蚀台阶型面与实验结果吻合较好,扩张段台阶计算深度略低于实验值。仿真结果表明:收敛段受热化学烧蚀与粒子侵蚀共同作用,两种材料粒子侵蚀速率的差异可达0.36 mm/s,是收敛段烧蚀台阶形成的主要原因,扩张段烧蚀台阶的产生仅受热化学烧蚀的影响,交接处退移速率最大差值为0.044 mm/s;烧蚀台阶形成后,拐角处暴露的石墨材料会受到较强的粒子冲刷效应;喷管喉部前端的石墨材料因烧蚀型面变化,喷管实际喉部向出口移动1.96 mm。

关键词：固体火箭发动机喷管烧蚀台阶热化学烧蚀粒子侵蚀数值仿真

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陈学奇应用清热化瘀法治疗痛经经验

中华中医药杂志 2024年第8期39卷 4140-4143页

作者：林淼慧严航林运霞陈学奇(指导) 浙江中医药大学第三临床医学院杭州310053 浙江中医药大学附属第三医院杭州310000 浙江中医药大学附属第二医院杭州310005

文章总结了陈学奇教授应用清热化瘀法治疗痛经的临证经验。陈学奇教授基于多年临床经验,从“热”的角度出发认识痛经,认为该病属本虚标实,以“气血不足、肾虚”为发病基础,“热”为关键病因,“瘀热互结”为主要病机。治疗时以扶正补虚... 详细信息

文章总结了陈学奇教授应用清热化瘀法治疗痛经的临证经验。陈学奇教授基于多年临床经验,从“热”的角度出发认识痛经,认为该病属本虚标实,以“气血不足、肾虚”为发病基础,“热”为关键病因,“瘀热互结”为主要病机。治疗时以扶正补虚、益气补血养肾为基础,善用“清热化瘀”大法通络止痛,并结合周期治疗,兼以调和气血、顾护脾胃,助患者气血调畅,通而不痛,疗效颇丰,改善了患者的生活质量,并为临床辨治痛经提供了新的思路。

关键词：痛经清热化瘀临证经验陈学奇中医药