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Unknown Attack Detection:Combining Relabeling and Hybrid Intrusion Detection

Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第9期68卷 3289-3303页

作者： Gun-Yoon Shin Dong-Wook kim Sang-Soo kim Myung-Mook han Department of Computer Engineering Gachon UniversitySungnam-si13120Korea Agency for Defense Development Songpa Seoul05661Korea Department of Software Gachon UniversitySungnam-si13120Korea

Detection of unknown attacks like a zero-day attack is a research field that has long been ***,advances in Machine Learning(ML)and Artificial Intelligence(AI)have led to the emergence of many kinds of attack-generation tools developed using these technologies to evade detection *** detection and misuse detection are the most commonly used techniques for detecting intrusion by unknown *** anomaly detection is adequate for detecting unknown attacks,its disadvantage is the possibility of high false *** detection has low false alarms;its limitation is that it can detect only known *** overcome such limitations,many researchers have proposed a hybrid intrusion detection that integrates these two detection *** method can overcome the limitations of conventional methods and works better in detecting unknown ***,this method does not accurately classify attacks like similar to normal or known ***,we proposed a hybrid intrusion detection to detect unknown attacks similar to normal and known *** anomaly detection,the model was designed to perform normal detection using Fuzzy c-means(FCM)and identify attacks hidden in normal predicted data using *** misuse detection,the model was designed to detect previously known attacks using Classification and Regression Trees(CART)and apply Isolation Forest(iForest)to classify unknown attacks hidden in known *** an experiment result,the application of relabeling improved attack detection accuracy in anomaly detection by approximately 11%and enhanced the performance of unknown attack detection in misuse detection by approximately 10%.

关键词： Unknown attack hybrid intrusion detection fuzzy c-means relabeling CART iForest

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Science Letters:Human-centered modeling for style-based adaptive games

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2009年第4期10卷 530-534页

作者： Chee-onn WONG Jongin kim Eunjung han Keechul JUNG Human-Centered Interfaces Lab Department of Digital Media Soongsil UniversitySeoul 156743 Korea

This letter proposes a categorization matrix to analyze the playing style of a computer game player for a shooting game genre. Our aim is to use human-centered modeling as a strategy for adaptive games based on entertainment measure to evaluate the playing experience. We utilized a self-organizing map (SOM) to cluster the player's style with the data obtained while playing the game. We further argued that style-based adaptation contributes to higher enjoyment, and this is reflected in our experiment using a supervised multilayered perceptron (MLP) network.

关键词： Player modeling Categorization matrix Adaptive games Human-centered modeling Data clustering

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Prediction of high thermoelectric performance in the lowdimensional metal halide Cs_(3)Cu_(2)I_(5)

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 476-481页

作者： Young-Kwang Jung In Taek han Yong Churl kim Aron Walsh Department of Materials Science and Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoulSouth Korea Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology(SAIT) Samsung Electronics Materials Research ComplexYoungtongSuwonSouth Korea Department of Materials Imperial College LondonLondonUK

Metal halides have emerged as a new generation of semiconductors with applications ranging from solar cells to chemical *** assess the thermoelectric potential of Cs_(3)Cu_(2)I_(5),which has a crystal structure formed of zero-dimensional[Cu_(2)I_(5)]3−anionic clusters that are separated by Cs+counter *** find the compound exhibits the characteristics of a phonon-glass electroncrystal with a large imbalance in the conduction of heat and electrons predicted from first-principles transport *** anharmonic phonon–phonon scattering results in short-lived acoustic vibrations and an ultra-low lattice thermal conductivity(10 cm^(2)V^(−1)s^(−1)).For an n-type crystal at 600 K,a thermoelectric figure-of-merit ZT of 2.6 is found to be accessible,which for a cold source of 300 K corresponds to a thermodynamic heat-to-electricity conversion efficiency of 15%.

关键词： theory phonon crystal

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Stability of operation versus temperature of a three-phase clock-driven chaotic circuit

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Chinese Physics B 2013年第12期22卷 152-159页

作者：周继超 Hyunsik Son Namtae kim han Jung Song Department of Nano Systems Engineering Inje University Department of Electronic Engineering Inje University Center for Nano Manufacturing Inje University

We evaluate the influence of temperature on the behavior of a three-phase clock-driven metal–oxide–semiconductor （MOS） chaotic circuit. The chaotic circuit consists of two nonlinear functions, a level shifter, and three sample and hold blocks. It is necessary to analyze a CMOS-based chaotic circuit with respect to variation in temperature for stability because the circuit is sensitive to the behavior of the circuit design parameters. The temperature dependence of the proposed chaotic circuit is investigated via the simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis （SPICE） using 0.6-μm CMOS process technology with a 5-V power supply and a 20-kHz clock frequency. The simulation results demonstrate the effects of temperature on the chaotic dynamics of the proposed chaotic circuit. The time series, frequency spectra, bifurcation phenomena, and Lyapunov exponent results are provided.

关键词： chaotic circuit nonlinear functions temperature effect bifurcation Lyapunov exponent

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Nanomolar concentration of alpha-synuclein enhances dopaminergic neuronal survival via Akt pathway

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Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第35期8卷 3269-3274页

作者： Ji-Young kim Beom Seok Jeon han-Joon kim Tae-Beom Ahn Department of Neurology Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital Department of Neurology College of Medicine Seoul National University Hospital Department of Neurology Kyung Hee University Medical Center

Although alpha-synuclein is generally thought to have a pathological role in Parkinson＇s disease, accumulative evidence exists that alpha-synuclein has a neuroprotective effect. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of extracellular alpha-synuclein on dopaminergic cell survival. We assessed cell viability using the 3-（4,5-dimethyt-thiazol-2-yt）-2,5-diphenyltertazolium bromide （MTT） assay both in undifferentiated SH-SY5Y （SHSY） cells and neuronally-differentiated SH-SY5Y （ndSHSY） cells after 24 hour treatment with monomeric alpha-synuclein at various concentrations （0 [control], 50, 100 nmol/L, 1 IJmol/L）. To determine whether cell viability assessed by MTT assay was affected by cell proliferation, 5-bromo-2＇-deoxyuridine （BrdU） incorporation assay was per- formed. Level of both Akt and phosphorylated Akt was measured using western blot method in ndSHSY cells with or without 24 hour alpha-synuclein treatment. Cell viability was increased in ndSHSY cells at the nanomolar concentration of alpha-synuclein, but not in SHSY cells. Proportion of BrdU-positive ndSHSY cells was decreased in alpha-synuclein-treated group compared with control group. Level of phosphorylated Akt in alpha-synuclein-treated group was higher compared with the control group. Our study shows that extracellular alpha-synuclein at nanomolar concentra- tion benefits dopaminergic cell survival via Akt pathway.

关键词： neural regeneration alpha-synuclein neuronal survival nanomolar extracellular phosphorylatedAkt SH-SY5Y cell neuronal differentiation proliferation dopaminergic 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine grants-supported paper neuroregeneration

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Fatigue strength evaluation of self-piercing riveted joints of AZ31 Mg alloy and cold-rolled steel sheets

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2020年第1期8卷 241-251页

作者： Se-Hyung Kang Dong-Woon han Ho-Kyung kim Graduate School Seoul National University of Science and TechnologySeoul01811South Korea Department of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Seoul National University of Science and TechnologySeoul01811 South Korea

The application of magnesium alloys to automobiles is increasing due to their superior specific strength and specific *** this study,an upper sheet of AZ31 magnesium alloy and a lower sheet of cold-rolled steel were joined by self-piercing riveting(SPR),a method commonly used to join automotive panels.A cross-shaped specimen was fabricated with a punching force of 35 kN,which exhibited the best joint strength for the SPR joint specimen *** and fatigue strengths were evaluated using cross-shaped specimens at loading angles of 0°,45°,and 90°.The load amplitude corresponding to the fatigue endurance limit was assumed to be at 106 cycles,and the fatigue ratios(=fatigue endurance limit/static strength)at the loading angles of 0°,45°,and 90°are 22%,13%,and 9%,*** all three loading angle specimens,fatigue cracks initiated at the triple point where the rivet shank,the upper sheet and the lower sheet are in contact with each other,with the cracks propagating through the thickness of the upper sheet and ultimately leading to *** fatigue lifetimes were evaluated through the von-Mises stress,maximum principal stress,and equivalent stress intensity *** was found that the fatigue lifetimes could be evaluated most appropriately through the maximum principal stress.

关键词： Self-piercing riveting Magnesium alloy Fatigue strength Maximum principal stress Fatigue lifetime

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A modeling method for vibration analysis of cracked beam with arbitrary boundary condition

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2018年第4期3卷 367-381页

作者： Kwanghun kim Sok kim Kyongjin Sok Chanil Pak Kwangbok han Department of Engineering Machine Pyongyang University of Mechanical EngineeringPyongyang 999093Democratic People’s Republic of Korea Department of Information Engineering Chongjin Mine&Metal UniversityChongjin 999091Democratic People’s Republic of Korea Institute of Information Technology University of SciencesPyongyang 999093Democratic People’s Republic of Korea Information Center Kim Chaek University of TechnologyPyongyang 950003Democratic People’s Republic of Korea Department of Resource Development Machinery Engineering Pyongyang University of Mechanical EngineeringPyongyang 999093Democratic People’s Republic of Korea

This paper establishes a cracked Timoshenko beams model to investigate the vibration behavior based on the ultraspherical *** beam theory is applied to model the free vibration analysis of the cracked beam and the numerical results are obtained by using ultraspherical orthogonal *** boundary conditions of both ends of the cracked beam are modeled as the elastic spring and the beam is divided into two parts by the crack section,and continuous conditions at the connecting face are modeled by the inverse of the flexibility coefficients of fracture mechanics *** the influence of boundary conditions,displacements admissible functions of cracked Timoshenko beam can be set up as ultraspherical orthogonal *** accuracy and robustness of the present method are evidenced through comparison with previous literature and the results achieved by the finite element method(FEM).In addition,the effects of flexibility coefficient on the natural frequencies are also investigated by using the proposed *** examples are given for free vibration analysis of cracked beams with various boundary conditions,which may be provided as reference data for future study.

关键词： Cracked beam Free vibration Ultraspherical polynomials Arbitrary boundary conditions

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Electrochemical characteristics of HVOF spray coated layer with WC-27NiCr and WC-10Co4Cr for Al bronze

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2012年第S3期22卷 753-759页

作者： Min-su han Seung-jun LEE Min-sung kim Seok-ki JANG Seong-jong kim Division of Marine Engineering Mokpo Maritime University

Among the environmentally friendly marine energies,tidal current power plants require low cost because they do not need to construct a large *** power is particularly reliable energy source because the power generation capacity is predictable regardless of weather or *** materials or stainless steel have been used as materials of blades for current power ***,their strength and welding performance generated many problems in field *** alloys with excellent cavitation resistance and corrosion resistance were applied as blade materials to improve the durability of copper *** were coated with WC-27NiCr and WC-10Co4Cr using the high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) *** metal spray coating technology has the advantage in terms of the selection of materials for cost effectiveness and environmental effects of corrosion because the properties of the coat layer can be controlled *** with WC-27NiCr and WC-10Co4Cr by HVOF,WC-27NiCr shows better corrosion resistance *** reason for this seems to be that corrosion resistance improves and a stable passive film forms due to the effects of Ni and Cr.

关键词： tidal power copper alloys HVOF coating corrosion resistance

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Analysis of prognostic factors and outcomes of gastric cancer in younger patients:A case control study using propensity score methods

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第12期20卷 3369-3375页

作者： Ki-han kim Yoo-Min kim Min-Chan kim Ghap-Joong Jung Department of Surgery Dong-A University College of Medicine

AIM:To understand the clinicopathological and prognostic features of gastric cancer in younger and older ***:Between January 2002 and December2008,1667 patients underwent curative gastric *** comparative purposes,the patients were divided into two groups:younger patients who were less than 40 years old(112 patients),and older patients who were 40 years old and older(1555 patients).In both groups,propensity scoring methods were used to select patients with similar disease statuses.A total of224 matched cases,with 112 patients in each group,were included in the final ***:Compared to the older group,the younger group with gastric cancer had a significantly higher percentage of females(P=0.007),poorly differentiated or signet ring cell carcinoma(Phan the older group in our study.

关键词： Gastric cancer Younger patients Prognosis

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Evaluation of Alpha-case in Titanium Castings

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2008年第1期24卷 70-74页

作者： Si-Young Sung Bong-Jae Choi Beom-Suck han han-dun Oh Young-Jig kim Materials & Processing Engineering Center R&D Division Korea Automotive Technology InstituteChonanChungnamKorea Department of Advanced Materials Engineering Sungkyunkwan University SuwonKorea Department of Materials Science hanseo University Seosan 352-820Korea

The alpha-case formation reactions between Ti and investment molds （Al-2O-3,ZrSiO-4,ZrO-2,CaO stabilized ZrO-2） were evaluated in a plasma arc melting *** of thermodynamic approaches,there were distinct alpha-case *** reaction products were characterized by electron probe micro-analysis and transmission electron ***α-case generation between Ti and Al-2O-3 mold was not able to be explained by the conventionalα-case formation mechanism,which is known to be formed by the interstitials,especially oxygen dissolved from mold ***,from our experimental results and thermodynamic calculations,it was confirmed that theα-case is formed not only by an interstitial element but also by substitutional metallic elements dissolved from mold *** newly establishedα-case formation mechanism will surely lead to a variety of significant applications of theα-case controlled Ti casting.

关键词： Titanium Casting Alpha-case Net-shape

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