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Securing Cloud-Encrypted Data:Detecting Ransomware-as-a-Service(RaaS)Attacks through Deep Learning Ensemble

Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 857-873页

作者： Amardeep Singh hamad ali abosaq Saad Arif Zohaib Mushtaq Muhammad Irfan Ghulam Abbas Arshad ali Alanoud Al Mazroa School of Computer Information Sciences University of CumberlandsWilliamsburgKentucky40769USA Computer Science Department College of Computer Science and Information SystemsNajran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Department of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringKing Faisal UniversityAl-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Electronics and Computer SystemsCollege of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan Electrical Engineering Department College of EngineeringNajran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering The University of LahoreLahore54000Pakistan Faculty of Computer and Information Systems Islamic University of MadinahMadinah42351Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia

Data security assurance is crucial due to the increasing prevalence of cloud computing and its widespread use across different industries,especially in light of the growing number of cybersecurity threats.A major and everpresent threat is Ransomware-as-a-Service(RaaS)assaults,which enable even individuals with minimal technical knowledge to conduct ransomware *** study provides a new approach for RaaS attack detection which uses an ensemble of deep learning *** this purpose,the network intrusion detection dataset“UNSWNB15”from the Intelligent Security Group of the University of New South Wales,Australia is *** the initial phase,the rectified linear unit-,scaled exponential linear unit-,and exponential linear unit-based three separate Multi-Layer Perceptron(MLP)models are ***,using the combined predictive power of these three MLPs,the RansoDetect Fusion ensemble model is introduced in the suggested *** proposed ensemble technique outperforms previous studieswith impressive performance metrics results,including 98.79%accuracy and recall,98.85%precision,and 98.80%*** empirical results of this study validate the ensemble model’s ability to improve cybersecurity defenses by showing that it outperforms individual *** expanding the field of cybersecurity strategy,this research highlights the significance of combined deep learning models in strengthening intrusion detection systems against sophisticated cyber threats.

关键词： Cloud encryption RaaS ensemble threat detection deep learning cybersecurity

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Machine Learning Empowered Security and Privacy Architecture for IoT Networks with the Integration of Blockchain

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2024年第2期39卷 353-379页

作者： Sohaib Latif M.Saad Bin Ilyas Azhar Imran hamad ali abosaq Abdulaziz Alzubaidi Vincent Karovic Jr. Department of Computer Science The University of ChenabGujrat50700Pakistan Department of Creative Technologies Air UniversityIslamabad42000Pakistan Computer Science Department College of Computer Science and Information SystemsNajran UniversityNajran66244Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Umm Alqura UniversityAlQunfudah28821Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems Faculty of ManagementComenius University in BratislavaBratislava82005Slovakia

The Internet of Things(IoT)is growing rapidly and impacting almost every aspect of our lives,fromwearables and healthcare to security,traffic management,and fleet management *** has generated massive volumes of data and security,and data privacy risks are increasing with the advancement of technology and network *** access control solutions are inadequate for establishing access control in IoT systems to provide data protection owing to their vulnerability to single-point OF ***,conventional privacy preservation methods have high latency costs and overhead for resource-constrained *** machine learning approaches were also unable to detect denial-of-service(DoS)*** study introduced a novel decentralized and secure framework for blockchain *** avoid single-point OF failure,an accredited access control scheme is incorporated,combining blockchain with local peers to record each transaction and verify the signature to ***-based attribute-based cryptography is implemented to protect data storage privacy by generating threshold parameters,managing keys,and revoking users on the *** innovative contract-based DOS attack mitigation method is also incorporated to effectively validate devices with intelligent contracts as trusted or untrusted,preventing the server from becoming *** proposed framework effectively controls access,safeguards data privacy,and reduces the risk of *** results depict that the suggested framework outperforms the results in terms of accuracy,precision,sensitivity,recall,and F-measure at 96.9%,98.43%,98.8%,98.43%,and 98.4%,respectively.

关键词： Machine learning internet of things blockchain data privacy security Industry 4.0

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Congenital absence of the lateral meniscus:A case report

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第5期15卷 477-482页

作者： hamad ali Alkhunayfir Abdulaziz ali AlQahtani Abdulrahman Jalwi Korkoman Department of Orthopedic Surgery Prince Muhammed bin Abdulaziz HospitalRiyadh 61422Saudi Arabia Department of Orthopedic Surgery Prince Sultan Military Medical CityRiyadh 12233Saudi Arabia Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of BishaBisha 67714Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND Congenital absence of the menisci is a rare anatomical variation characterized by the absence or underdevelopment of one or both menisci in the knee *** menisci are crucial in load distribution,joint stability,and shock *** the clinical presentation,diagnosis,and management of this condition is important for optimal patient *** SUMMARY A 27-year-old male with a long-standing history of knee pain underwent diagnostic arthroscopy,revealing a congenital absence of the *** patient's clinical findings,imaging results,surgical procedures,and pertinent images are *** case presents a unique aspect with the congenital absence of the meniscus,contributing valuable insights to the literature on rare anatomical *** This case of congenital absence of the menisci highlights the diagnostic challenges posed by rare *** diagnostic arthroscopy played a crucial role in identifying the absence of the meniscus and providing an explanation for the patient's persistent knee *** case underscores the importance of individualized treatment approaches,including physical therapy,for optimal management of rare meniscal *** research is warranted to explore effective management strategies for the aforementioned cases and to expand our knowledge of these rare conditions.

关键词： Lateral meniscus Arthroscopy Knee joint Menisci reformation Magnetic resonance imaging Case report

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Bond-Slip Behavior of Steel Bar and Recycled Steel Fibre-Reinforced Concrete

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第1期12卷 167-186页

作者： Ismail Shah Jing Li Nauman Khan hamad R.Almujibah Muhammad Mudassar Rehman ali Raza Yun Peng School of Architecture and Civil Engineering Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming650000China Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu610041China Yunnan International Joint R&D Center of Smart Agriculture and Water Security Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming650201China School of Water Conservancy Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming650201China School of Civil Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China Department of Civil Engineering College of EngineeringTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif City21974Saudi Arabia School of Civil Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China

Recycled steel fiber reinforced concrete is an innovative construction material that offers exceptional mechanical properties and *** is considered a sustainable material due to its low carbon footprint and environmental friendly *** study examines the key influencing factors that affect the behavior of this material,such as the steel fiber volume ratio,recycled aggregate replacement rate,concrete strength grade,anchorage length,and stirrup *** study investigates the bond failure morphology,bond-slip,and bond strength constitutive relationship of steel fiber recycled *** results show that the addition of steel fibers at 0.5%,1.0%,and 1.5%volume ratios can improve the ultimate bond strength of pull-out specimens by 9.05%,6.94%,and 5.52%,*** replacement rate of recycled aggregate has minimal effect on the typical bond strength of pull-out ***,the ultimate bond strengths of pull-out specimens with concrete strength grades C45 and C60 have improved compared to those with C30 *** specimens with longer anchorage lengths exhibit lower ultimate bond strength,with a reduction of 33.19%and 46.37%for anchorage lengths of 5D and 7D,respectively,compared to those without *** restraint of 1φ8 and 2φ8 improves the ultimate bond strength by 5.29%and 6.90%,*** fibers have a significant effect on the behavior of concrete after it cracks,especially during the stable expansion stage,crack instability expansion stage,and failure stage.

关键词： Recycled coarse aggregates(RCA) steel fiber bonding performance bond-slip environmental challenges

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Improving the Segmentation of Arabic Handwriting Using Ligature Detection Technique

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 2015-2034页

作者： Husam Ahmad Al hamad Mohammad Shehab College of Computer Sciences and Informatics Amman Arab UniversityAmman11953Jordan

Recognizing handwritten characters remains a critical and formidable challenge within the realm of computervision. Although considerable strides have been made in enhancing English handwritten character recognitionthrough various techniques, deciphering Arabic handwritten characters is particularly intricate. This complexityarises from the diverse array of writing styles among individuals, coupled with the various shapes that a singlecharacter can take when positioned differently within document images, rendering the task more perplexing. Inthis study, a novel segmentation method for Arabic handwritten scripts is suggested. This work aims to locatethe local minima of the vertical and diagonal word image densities to precisely identify the segmentation pointsbetween the cursive letters. The proposed method starts with pre-processing the word image without affectingits main features, then calculates the directions pixel density of the word image by scanning it vertically and fromangles 30° to 90° to count the pixel density fromall directions and address the problem of overlapping letters, whichis a commonly attitude in writing Arabic texts by many people. Local minima and thresholds are also determinedto identify the ideal segmentation area. The proposed technique is tested on samples obtained fromtwo datasets: Aself-curated image dataset and the IFN/ENIT dataset. The results demonstrate that the proposed method achievesa significant improvement in the proportions of cursive segmentation of 92.96% on our dataset, as well as 89.37%on the IFN/ENIT dataset.

关键词： Arabic handwritten segmentation image processing ligature detection technique intelligent recognition

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Assessing the Variability of Extreme Weather Events and Its Influence on Marine Accidents along the Northern Coast of Tanzania

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American Journal of Climate Change 2024年第3期13卷 499-521页

作者： Faki A. ali Kombo hamad Kai Sara Abdalla Khamis Zanzibar Office Tanzania Meteorlogical Authority (TMA) Zanzibar Tanzania Department of Natural Science State University of Zanzibar (SUZA) Zanzibar Tanzania

The marine accidents are among the main components of the Zanzibar Disaster Management Policy (2011) and the Zanzibar Blue Economy Policy (2020). These policies aimed to institute legal frame works and procedures for reducing both the frequency of marine accidents and their associated fatalities. These fatalities include deaths, permanent disabilities and loss of properties which may result into increased poverty levels as per the sustainable development goal one (SDG1) which stipulates on ending the poverty in all its forms everywhere. Thus, in the way to support these Government efforts, the influence of climate and weather on marine accidents along Zanzibar and Pemba Channels was investigated. The study used the 10 years (2013-2022) records of daily rainfall and hourly wind speed acquired from Tanzania Meteorological Authority (TMA) (for the observation stations of Zanzibar, Pemba, Dares Salaam and Tanga), and the significant wave heights data, which was freely downloaded from Globally Forecasting System (GFS-World model of 13 km resolution). The marine accident records were collected from TASAC and Zanzibar Maritime Authority (ZMA), and the anecdotal information was collected from heads of quay and boat captains in different areas of Zanzibar. The Mann Kendal test, was used to determine the slopes and trends direction of used weather parameters, while the Pearson correlations analysis and t-tests were used to understand the significance of the underlying relationship between the weather and marine accidents. The paired t-test was used to evaluate the extent to which weather parameters affect the marine accidents. Results revealed that the variability of extreme weather events (rainfall, ocean waves and wind speed) was seen to be among the key factors for most of the recorded marine accidents. For instance, in Pemba high rainfall showed an increasing trend of extreme rainfall events, while Zanzibar has shown a decreasing trend of these events. As for extreme wind

关键词： Marine Accidents Bad Weather Events Extreme Wind Speed Extreme Rainfall Correlation

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Predictive modeling of critical temperatures in magnesium compounds using transfer learning

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1540-1553页

作者： Surjeet Kumar Russlan Jaafreh Subhajit Dutta Jung Hyeon Yoo Santiago Pereznieto Kotiba hamad Dae Ho Yoon School of Advanced Materials Science&Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 16419Republic of Korea

This study presents a transfer learning approach for discovering potential Mg-based superconductors utilizing a comprehensive target ***,a large source dataset(Bandgap dataset)comprising approximately∼75k compounds is utilized for pretraining,followed by fine-tuning with a smaller Critical Temperature(T_(c))dataset containing∼300 ***,there is a significant improvement in the performance of the transfer learning model over the traditional deep learning(DL)model in predicting ***,the transfer learning model is applied to predict the properties of approximately 150k *** are validated computationally using density functional theory(DFT)calculations based on lattice dynamics-related ***,to demonstrate the extended predictive capability of the transfer learning model for new materials,a pool of virtual compounds derived from prototype crystal structures from the Materials Project(MP)database is generated.T_(c) predictions are obtained for∼3600 virtual compounds,which underwent screening for electroneutrality and thermodynamic *** Extra Trees-based model is trained to utilize E_(hull)values to obtain thermodynamically stable materials,employing a dataset containing Ehull values for approximately 150k materials for *** with Ehull values exceeding 5 meV/atom were filtered out,resulting in a refined list of potential Mg-based *** study showcases the effectiveness of transfer learning in predicting superconducting properties and highlights its potential for accelerating the discovery of Mg-based materials in the field of superconductivity.

关键词： Superconductivity Critical temperature Transfer learning Crystal structure features Thermodynamic stability

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Flexible pavement longitudinal joint quality evaluation using non-destructive testing

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Journal of Road Engineering 2024年第2期4卷 189-202页

作者： hamad Bin Muslim Syed Waqar Haider Lev Khazanovich Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA

Longitudinal joint construction quality is critical to the life of flexible *** deteriorated longitudinal joints has become a challenge for many highway *** the joint's quality through better compaction during construction can help achieve flexible pavements with longer service lives and less *** quality control(QC)and quality assurance(QA)plans provide limited ***,the risk of missing areas with poor joint compaction is significant.A density profiling system(DPS)is a non-destructive alternative to conventional destructive evaluation *** can provide quick and continuous real-time coverage of the compaction during construction in *** paper presents several case studies comparing various types of longitudinal joints and demonstrating the use of DPS to evaluate the joint's compaction *** paper shows that dielectric measurements can provide valuable insight into the ability of various construction techniques to achieve adequate levels of compaction at the longitudinal *** paper proposes a dielectric-based longitudinal joint quality index(LJQI)to evaluate the relative compaction of the joint during *** also shows that adopting DPS for assessing the compaction of longitudinal joints can minimize the risk of agencies accepting poorly constructed joints,identify locations of poor quality during construction,and achieve better-performing flexible pavements.

关键词： Sustainable pavements Dielectric/density profiling system Quality assurance Non-destructive testing Asphalt longitudinal joint

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Influence of erbium on structural,and charged particles,photons,and neutrons shielding properties of Ba_(1-x)Er_(x)SnO_(3) perovskite ceramics

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第4期42卷 724-732页

作者： M.K.h.hamad Nidal Dwaikat M.H.A.Mhareb M.I.Sayyed R.M.hamad Y.S.M.Alajerami M.A.Almessiere Gameel Saleh Ahmad Hussein Alomari K.A.Ziq Department of Basic Sciences School of Social and Basics SciencesAl Hussein Technical UniversityKing Abdullah II St 242Amman11831Jordan Department of Physics College of Engineering and PhysicsInterdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced MaterialsKing Fahd University of Petroleum&MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Department of Physics College of ScienceImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Basic and Applied Scientific Research Center Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP0.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceIsra UniversityAmman11622Jordan Department of Nuclear Medicine Research Institute for Research and Medical Consultations(IRMC)Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityPo.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Medical Imaging Department Applied Medical Sciences FacultyAl Azhar University-Gaza CityPo.Box 1277Palestine Department of Biophysics Institute for Research and Medical Consultations(IRMC)Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityPo.Box1982Dammam 31441Saudi Arabia Department of Biomedical Engineering College of EngineeringImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityPo.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Energy&Minerals Regulatory Commission Amman11821Jordan

Five perovskite ceramics samples of Ba_(1-x)Er_(x)SnO_(3) with x=0.00,0.05,0.10,0.15,and 0.20 were synthesized using the conventional solid-state reaction *** prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transforms infrared(FTIR),and UV-Vis *** shielding properties against ionizing radiation were also *** XRD analysis shows the perovskite cubic structure as the major phase in all *** FTIR reveals a distinctive band around 614-620 cm^(-1) ascribed to the antisymmetric O-Sn-O ***-Vis spectroscopy was used to determine the bandgap according to diffuse reflectance,and the results display a fixed enhancement in the bandgap from 3.2 to 3.3 eV for all ***-ray shielding properties of the synthesized samples were experimentally measured and compared with XCOM computational *** relative differences(Δ,%)between experimental and theo retical values are low and fall within the 0.446%-7.10%*** addition of Er leads to the enhanced density,neutron,and gamma shielding *** contrast,charged particles’shielding parameters gradually reduce with rising Er *** results suggest that Ba_(1-x)Er_(x)SnO_(3) samples can be used in different radiation shielding applications.

关键词： Perovskite Ceramics Gamma ray shielding Mass stopping power Rare earths

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Endoscopic Transcanal Excision of Glomus Tympanicum: A Case Report and Literature Review

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2024年第5期13卷 305-310页

作者： Mohammed Atiah Alzahrani Yahia Dhafer Alahmari ali Jaber Asiry Ibrahem hamad Erwe Ghada Ahmed Bin Abbas Department of Otorhinolaryngology Aseer Central Hospital Abha Saudi Arabia College of Medicine University of King Khalid Abha Saudi Arabia

Glomus tumors are extremely rare tumors that arise from paraganglionic cells, which are derived from neural crest cells. These tumors are benign, slow-growing, locally invasive, and destructive. Glomus tumors are the most common tumor of the middle ear cavity and the second most common tumor of the temporal bone. We present a case of a 49-year-old healthy female who, following diagnostic tools, received surgical intervention resulting in an excellent outcome. Our case report includes a comprehensive analysis of published cases in the literature.

关键词： Glomus Tympanicum Paragangliomas Endoscopic Transcanal

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