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Numerical Study of Gas Production from a Methane Hydrate Reservoir Using Depressurization with Multi-wells

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2021年第3期95卷 928-936页

作者： SHANG Shilong GU Lijuan lu hailong College of Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Beijing International Center for Gas Hydrate Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

With the implementation of the production tests in permafrost and offshore regions in Canada,US,Japan,and China,the study of natural gas hydrate has progressed into the stage of technology development for industrial *** depressurization method is considered as a better strategy to produce gas from hydrate reservoirs based on production tests and laboratory ***-well production is proposed to improve gas production efficiency,to meet the requirement for industrial *** evaluating the applicability of multi-well production to hydrate exploitation,a 2D model is established,with numerical simulations of the performance of the multi-well pattern carried *** understand the dissociation behavior of gas hydrate,the pressure and temperature distributions in the hydrate reservoir are specified,and the change in permeability of reservoir sediments is *** results obtained indicate that multi-well production can improve the well connectivity,accelerate hydrate dissociation,enhance gas production rate and reduce water production as compared with single-well production.

关键词： oil and gas upstream unconventional resources natural gas hydrate numerical simulation depressurization

Preface: Special Topics on Study Progress of Natural Gas Hydrate

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2022年第2期96卷 661-662页

作者： lu hailong HE Tao Beijing International Center for Gas Hydrate Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Natural gas hydrate is widely distributed in continental slope sediments and permafrost,taken as a potential energy resource due to its gigantic *** develop the technologies for the industrial exploitation of natural gas hydrate,several production tests were carried out in permafrost and marine hydrate reservoirs,*** in permafrost hydrate reservoirs in Mackenzie Delta and Alaskan North Slope(Boswell et al.,2017)in the Antarctic,and those in marine hydrate reservoirs in Nankai Trough,offshore Japan(Yamamoto et al.,2014,2018),and South China Sea(SCS)(Li et al.,2018;Ye et al.,2020).As encouraged by the results obtained from the production tests,more tests are planned to develop technology for industrial exploitation of natural gas hydrate(Collett et al.,2022).Although production test can be conducted in permafrost hydrate reservoir for cost efficiency,generally it is thought industrial exploitation will be realized in marine hydrate reservoir because it is estimated with over 90%of hydrate resource.

关键词： reservoir reservoirs Mackenzie

Raman Micro-Imaging of the Coexistence of sⅠ and sⅡ Hydrates Formed from a Mixed Methane-Propane Gas in a Confined Space

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2022年第2期96卷 674-679页

作者： CAI Wenjiu ZHAN Linsen HUANG Xin lu hailong College of Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Beijing International Center for Gas Hydrate School of Earth and Space SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute Beijing 100083China

Natural gas hydrate contains a specific amount of heavy hydrocarbons, such as ethane, propane, etc., aside from the primary guest gas of methane. Although the coexistence of two or even three hydrate structures has been discovered at several hydrate sites, the requisite formation mechanism is still not well understood. In-situ observation of the formation process of mixed methane-propane hydrate in a confined space was conducted using confocal Raman imaging microscopy. The Raman imaging results reveal that sI methane hydrate and sII mixed methane-propane hydrate are formed and coexist in the reaction system. In the confined space, the sI hydrate originates from the dissolved gas in water, while the sII hydrate is formed from free gas. The results obtained can help explain the coexistence of sI and sII hydrates found in natural hydrate samples, as well as providing insights into a possible dynamic scenario of hydrate reservoirs in geological history.

关键词： Raman imaging mixed hydrate coexistence sⅠhydrate sⅡhydrate

Influence of Gas Hydrate on the Acoustic Properties of Sediment: A Comprehensive Review with a Focus on Experimental Measurements

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2022年第2期96卷 713-726页

作者： ZHANG Qi LIU Xin HE Tao lu hailong Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution(Ministry of Education) School of Earth and Space SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Beijing International Center for Gas Hydrate Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institute for Marine Science and Technology Shenzhen Graduate SchoolPeking UniversityShenzhen 518055China

In recent years, natural gas hydrate has attracted increasing attention worldwide as a potential alternative energy source due to its attributes of wide distribution, large reserves, and low carbon. Since the acoustic characteristics of hydratebearing reservoirs clearly differ from those of adjacent formations, an acoustic approach, using seismic and acoustic logging, is one of the most direct, effective and widely used methods among the identification and characterization techniques for hydrate reservoir exploration. This review of research on the influence of hydrate(content and distribution) on the acoustic properties(velocity and attenuation) of sediments in the past two decades includes experimental studies based on different hydrate formation methods and measurements, as well as rock physics models. The main problems in current research are also pointed out and future prospects discussed.

关键词： gas hydrate acoustic properties rock physics model experimental measurements

Economic Critical Resources for the Industrial Exploitation of Natural Gas Hydrate

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2022年第2期96卷 663-673页

作者： CHEN Xuejun lu hailong ZHANG Jiecheng YE Jianliang XIE Wenwei College of Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institute of Ocean Research Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Beijing International Center for Gas Hydrate School of Earth and Space SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institute for Marine Science and Technology Shenzhen Graduate SchoolPeking UniversityShenzhen 518055China Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey Guangzhou 510075China

Since the implementation of several pilot production tests were in natural gas hydrate(NGH) reservoirs in terrestrial and marine settings, the study of NGH has entered a new stage of technological development for industrial exploitation. Prior to the industrial exploitation of any given NGH reservoir, the economic feasibility should be examined. The first step of economic evaluation of a NGH reservoir is to know whether its resource amount meets the requirement for industrial exploitation. Unfortunately, few relevant studies have been conducted in this regard. In this study, the net present value(NPV) method is employed to estimate the economic critical resources required for the industrial exploitation of NGHs under different production scenarios. Sensitivity analysis is also performed in order to specify the effects of key factors, such as the number of production wells, gas price, technological improvement and tax incentive, on the economic critical resources. The results indicate that China requires the lowest economic critical resource for a NGH reservoir to be industrially exploited, ranging from 3.62 to 24.02 billion m3 methane. Changes in gas price and tax incentives also play significant roles in affecting the threshold and timeline for the industrial exploitation of NGH.

关键词： natural gas hydrate industrial exploitation economic critical resource net present value recovery factor

Morphological and Sulfur-Isotopic Characteristics of Pyrites in the Deep Sediments from Xisha Trough,South China Sea

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第1期23卷 138-148页

作者： CHANG Jingyi LIU Yujia lu hailong lu Jing’an SU Xin YE Jianliang XIE Wenwei College of Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Beijing International Center for Gas Hydrate School of Earth and Planetary SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Marine Science Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China MLR Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources Guangzhou Marine Geological SurveyMinistry of Land and ResourcesGuangzhou 510075China School of Ocean Sciences China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China

Pyrite is one of the common authigenic minerals in marine *** studies have shown that the morphological and isotopic characteristics of pyrite are closely related to the geochemical environment where it is *** better understand the for-mation mechanism of authigenic pyrite,we analyzed the isotopic composition,morphology,and distribution of pyrite in the sediment at 500m below the seafloor from Xisha Trough,South China *** morphologies were observed by scanning electron micros-copy and Raman spectrography.X-Ray computed tomography was applied to measure the particle size of *** size of pyrite crystals in the matrix sediment mainly ranged between 25 and 65µm(***.40µm),although crystals were larger(***.50μm)in the *** pyrites had a fine-grained truncated octahedral shape with occasionally well-developed growth steps,which implies the low growth rate and weak anaerobic oxidation of methane-sulfate reduction when pyrite was ***δ^(34)S values of pyrites ranged from+20.8‰Vienna-defined Canyon Diablo Troilite(V-CDT)to+33.2‰V-CDT and from+44.8‰V-CDT to+48.9‰,which suggest two growth *** the first stage,with the continuous low methane flux,the pyrite possibly formed in an environment with good access to *** the second stage,the pyrites mainly developed in sediment fractures and appeared in veins,probably due to the limited availability of *** less exposure of pyrite to the environment in the second stage was probably caused by sediment accumulation or *** this study,an episodic pyritization process was identified,and the paleoenvironment was reconstructed for the sediment investigated.

关键词： pyrite sulfur isotope AOM methane flux Xisha Trough South China Sea

Frontier science and challenges on offshore carbon storage

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023年第7期17卷 11-34页

作者： Haochu Ku Yihe Miao Yaozu Wang Xi Chen Xuancan Zhu hailong lu Jia Li Lijun Yu College of Smart Energy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China China-UK Low Carbon College Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 201306China Research Center of Solar Power&Refrigeration School of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Beijing International Center for Gas Hydrate School of Earth and Space SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Guangzhou) Nansha 511458China Jiangmen Laboratory for Carbon and Climate Science and Technology Jiangmen 529100China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Carbon capture and storage(CCS)technology is an imperative,strategic,and constitutive method to considerably reduce anthropogenic CO_(2)emissions and alleviate climate change *** ocean is the largest active carbon bank and an essential energy source on the Earth's *** to oceanic nature-based carbon dioxide removal(CDR),carbon capture from point sources with ocean storage is more appropriate for solving short-term climate change *** review focuses on the recent state-of-the-art developments in offshore carbon *** first discusses the current status and development prospects of CCS,associated with the chailenges and uncertainties of oceanic nature-based *** second section outlines the mechanisms,sites,advantages,and ecologic hazards of direct offshore CO_(2)*** third section emphasizes the mechanisms,schemes,influencing factors,and recovery efficiency of ocean-based CO-CH_(4)replacement and CO_(2)-enhanced oil recovery are *** addition,this review discusses the economic aspects of offshore CCS and the preponderance of offshore CCs ***,the upsides,limitations,and prospects for further investigation of offshore CO_(2)storage are presented.

关键词： Offshore carbon storage Direct CO_(2),injection CO_(2),-CH_(4)replacement CO_(2)-EOR CCS hubs CO_(2),transport

Selective activation of C-C bonds in lignin model compounds and lignin for production of value-added chemicals

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2024年第4期9卷 433-464页

作者： Long Cheng Shanyong Wang hailong lu Jun Ye Junming Xu Kui Wang Jianchun Jiang Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products Chinese Academy of ForestryKey Lab.of Biomass Energy and MaterialJiangsu ProvinceNational Engineering Lab.for Biomass Chemical UtilizationNanjing 210042China Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China

Lignin is a rich renewable aromatic resource that can produce high-value-added chemicals. Lignin is regarded as one of the three major components of lignocellulosic biomass, which is composed of phenylpropane units connected by C-O bond and C-C bond. The cleavage of two chemical bonds is the main catalytic pathway in the production of chemicals and fuels from lignin. Although the cleavage of C-O converts lignin into valuable aromatic compounds and renewable carbon sources, selective depolymerization for C-C bonds is an important method to increase the yield of aromatic monomers. Therefore, in this review, we summarized the latest research trends on C-C bond selective cleavage in lignin and lignin model compounds, focusing on various catalytic systems, including hydrogenolysis, oxidate, photocatalysis, and electrocatalysis. By analyzing the current status of C-C bond breakage, the core issues and challenges related to this process and the expectations for future research were emphasized.

关键词： Biomass Lignin C-C bond Aromatic compounds

Characterization of extracellular phosphatase activities in periphytic biofilm from paddy field

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Pedosphere 2021年第1期31卷 116-124页

作者： Shujie CAI Kaiying DENG Jun TANG Rui SUN hailong lu Jiuyu LI Yonghong WU Renkou XU Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Periphytic biofilms exist widely in paddy fields, but their influences on the hydrolysis of organic phosphorus(P) have rarely been investigated. In this study,a periphytic biofilm was incubated in a paddy soil solution, and hydrolysis kinetic parameters(half-saturation constant(Km) and maximum catalytic reaction rate(Vmax)), optimal environmental conditions, substrate specificity, and response to different P regimes of the phosphatase activities in the periphytic biofilm were determined, in order to characterize extracellular phosphatase activities in periphytic biofilms from paddy fields. The results indicated that the periphytic biofilm could produce an acid phosphomonoesterase(PMEase), an alkaline PMEases, and a phosphodiesterase(PDEase). These three phosphatases displayed high substrate affinity, with Km values ranging from 141.03 to 212.96 μmol L^(-1). The Vmax/Km ratios for the phosphatases followed the order of alkaline PMEase > acid PMEase > PDEase, which suggested that the PMEases, especially the alkaline PMEase, had higher catalytic efficiency. The optimal pH was 6.0 for the acid PMEase activity and 8.0 for the PDEase activity, and the alkaline PMEase activity increased with a pH increase from 7.0 to 12.0. The optimal temperature was 50℃ for the PMEases and 60℃ for the PDEase. The phosphatases showed high catalytic efficiency for condensed P over a wide pH range and for orthophosphate monoesters at pH 11.0, except for inositol hexakisphosphate at pH 6.0. The inorganic P supply was the main factor in the regulation of phosphatase activities. These findings demonstrated that the periphytic biofilm tested had high hydrolysis capacity for organic and condensed P,especially under P-limited conditions.

关键词： hydrolysis capacity kinetic parameters optimal environmental conditions phosphodiesterase phosphomonoesterase phosphorus hydrolysis phosphorus supply substrate specificity