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A hybrid memory architecture supporting fine-grained data migration

Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第2期18卷 31-41页

作者： Ye CHI Jianhui YUE Xiaofei LIAO haikun liu Hai JIN National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System LabCluster and Grid Computing LabSchool of Computer Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Department of Computer Science Michigan Technological UniversityMichigan 49931USA

Hybrid memory systems composed of dynamic random access memory(DRAM)and Non-volatile memory(NVM)often exploit page migration technologies to fully take the advantages of different memory *** previous proposals usually migrate data at a granularity of 4 KB pages,and thus waste memory bandwidth and DRAM *** this paper,we propose Mocha,a non-hierarchical architecture that organizes DRAM and NVM in a flat address space physically,but manages them in a cache/memory *** the commercial NVM device-Intel Optane DC Persistent Memory Modules(DCPMM)actually access the physical media at a granularity of 256 bytes(an Optane block),we manage the DRAM cache at the 256-byte size to adapt to this feature of *** design not only enables fine-grained data migration and management for the DRAM cache,but also avoids write amplification for Intel Optane *** also create an Indirect Address Cache(IAC)in Hybrid Memory Controller(HMC)and propose a reverse address mapping table in the DRAM to speed up address translation and cache ***,we exploit a utility-based caching mechanism to filter cold blocks in the NVM,and further improve the efficiency of the DRAM *** implement Mocha in an architectural *** results show that Mocha can improve application performance by 8.2%on average(up to 24.6%),reduce 6.9%energy consumption and 25.9%data migration traffic on average,compared with a typical hybrid memory architecture-HSCC.

关键词： non-volatile memory hybrid memory system data migration fine-grained caching

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Disparities in tree mortality among plant functional types(PFTs)in a temperate forest:Insights into size-dependent and PFT-specific patterns

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第4期11卷 480-490页

作者： Man Hu Hang Shi Rui He Bingbin Wen haikun liu Kerong Zhang Xiao Shu Haishan Dang Quanfa Zhang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology Wuhan Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430074China Danjiangkou Wetland Ecosystem Field Scientific Observation and Research Station Chinese Academy of Sciences&Hubei ProvinceWuhan 430074China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Forest&Nature Lab Department of EnvironmentGhent UniversityGeraardsbergsesteenweg 267Melle-Gontrode9090Belgium

Tree mortality significantly influences forest structure and function,yet our understanding of its dynamic patterns among a range of tree sizes and among different plant functional types(PFTs)remains *** study analysed size-dependent tree mortality in a temperate forest,encompassing 46 tree species and 32,565 individuals across different PFTs(i.e.,evergreen conifer *** broadleaf species,shade-tolerant ***-intolerant species).By employing all-subset regression procedures and logistic generalized linear mixed-effects models,we identified distinct mortality patterns influenced by biotic and abiotic *** results showed a stable mortality patte rn in eve rgreen conifer species,contrasted by a declining pattern in deciduous broadleaf and shadetolerant,as well as shade-intolerant species,across size *** contribution to tree mortality of evergreen conifer species shifted from abiotic to biotic factors with increasing size,while the mortality of deciduous broadleaf species was mainly influenced by biotic factors,such as initial diameter at breast height(DBH)and conspecific negative *** shade-tolerant species,the mortality of small individuals was mainly determined by initial DBH and conspecific negative density dependence,whereas the mortality of large individuals was subjected to the combined effect of biotic(competition from neighbours)and abiotic factors(i.e.,convexity and pH).As for shade-intolerant species,competition from neighbours was found to be the main driver of tree mortality throughout their growth ***,these insights enhance our understanding of forest dynamics by revealing the size-dependent and PFT-specific tree mortality patterns,which may inform strategies for maintaining forest diversity and resilience in temperate forest ecosystems.

关键词： Size-dependent tree mortality Plant functional type Neighbourhood competition Topography variables Soil properties

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2023年电视剧发展新动向与业态新变化观察

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四川戏剧 2024年第5期 80-85页

作者：王雪梅刘海琨四川传媒学院编导艺术学院

2023年,在党的二十大胜利召开的背景下,中国电视剧迎来了新的发展机遇与挑战。电视剧生产方面,提质减量成为行业共识,制作方更加注重作品的质量和文化内涵;在传播路径上,各大卫视深耕多维传播,互联网视频平台量质同升,社交媒体平台成为... 详细信息

2023年,在党的二十大胜利召开的背景下,中国电视剧迎来了新的发展机遇与挑战。电视剧生产方面,提质减量成为行业共识,制作方更加注重作品的质量和文化内涵;在传播路径上,各大卫视深耕多维传播,互联网视频平台量质同升,社交媒体平台成为影视文旅融合发酵地;电视剧业态方面同样出现新变化,短视频与微短剧的兴起促使电视剧行业提质减量,走精品化发展道路;AIGC技术等赋能电视剧制作,引发产业剧变。这一系列变革为中国电视剧行业注入新的活力,为文化产业全球化发展铺平了道路。

关键词：时代特色技术革新短视频与微短剧多维传播

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干旱胁迫下藏东南沙生植物非结构性碳水化合物分配策略研究

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植物科学学报 2024年第5期42卷 602-611页

作者：艾盈刘海坤于林宏胡曼党海山西藏大学生态环境学院中国科学院武汉植物园中国科学院大学

植物各组织中的非结构性碳水化合物（Non-structural carbohydrates,NSC）含量能反映植物对能量物质的分配策略，揭示干旱胁迫下植物NSC的动态变化有助于了解干旱环境下植物生存的资源分配策略。本研究以藏东南地区两种沙生植物白莲蒿（... 详细信息

植物各组织中的非结构性碳水化合物（Non-structural carbohydrates,NSC）含量能反映植物对能量物质的分配策略，揭示干旱胁迫下植物NSC的动态变化有助于了解干旱环境下植物生存的资源分配策略。本研究以藏东南地区两种沙生植物白莲蒿（Artemisia gmelinii Weber）和云南沙棘（Hippophae rhamnoides *** Rousi）为研究对象，探讨在不同程度干旱胁迫下植物各器官（叶片、枝条、粗根、细根）中的非结构性碳水化合物含量的分配动态。结果显示：（1）干旱胁迫导致植物的根冠比显著增加，枝条、粗根和细根中的可溶性糖和NSC含量亦随干旱胁迫强度的增加而增加；（2）干旱胁迫发生后，NSC及其组分优先被分配至地下部位，叶片和细根中的NSC主要以可溶性糖的形式累积；（3）干旱胁迫下，白莲蒿细根的可溶性糖、淀粉及NSC的占比随干旱胁迫强度的增加而降低，而云南沙棘则与之相反。研究结果表明，植物通过储存更多的可溶性糖来抵御干旱胁迫，并且主动将NSC储存至根部来提升植物应对干旱的能力。

关键词：白莲蒿云南沙棘干旱强度器官非结构性碳水化合物

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HMvisor: dynamic hybrid memory management for virtual machines

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2021年第9期64卷 74-89页

作者： Dang YANG haikun liu Hai JIN Yu ZHANG National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing LabSchool of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Emerging non-volatile memory(NVM) technologies promise high density, low cost and dynamic random access memory(DRAM)-like performance, at the expense of limited write endurance and high write energy consumption. It is more practical to use NVM combining with the traditional DRAM. However, the hybrid memory management such as page migration becomes more challenging in a virtualization environment because virtual machines(VMs) are unaware of the memory heterogeneity. In this paper, we propose HMvisor, a hypervisor and VM coordinated hybrid memory management mechanism to better utilize DRAM and NVM resources. HMvisor exposes the memory heterogeneity to VMs by mapping virtual NUMA nodes to different physical NUMA nodes. We propose a lightweight and efficient page migration mechanism by decoupling page hotness tracking from page migration. HMvisor performs those operations in the hypervisor and VMs separately, without disrupting the execution of VMs. We also propose a memory resource trading policy to adjust the capacity of DRAM and NVM for each VM, with the monetary cost unchanged. We implement our prototype system based on QEMU/KVM and evaluate it with several benchmarks. Experimental results show that HMvisor can reduce 50% of write traffic to NVM with less than 5% performance overhead. Moreover, the hybrid memory adjustment scheme in HMvisor can significantly improve application performance by up to 30×.

关键词： hypervisor virtual machine non-volatile memory hybrid memory management

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UCat: heterogeneous memory management for unikernels

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2023年第1期17卷 51-61页

作者： Chong TIAN haikun liu Xiaofei LIAO Hai JIN National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab/Cluster and Grid Computing LabSchool of Computing Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

Unikernels provide an efficient and lightweight way to deploy cloud computing services in application-specialized and single-address-space virtual machines (VMs). They can efficiently deploy hundreds of unikernel-based VMs in a single physical server. In such a cloud computing platform, main memory is the primary bottleneck resource for high-density application deployment. Recently, non-volatile memory (NVM) technologies has become increasingly popular in cloud data centers because they can offer extremely large memory capacity at a low expense. However, there still remain many challenges to utilize NVMs for unikernel-based VMs, such as the difficulty of heterogeneous memory allocation and high performance overhead of address *** this paper, we present UCat, a heterogeneous memory management mechanism that support multi-grained memory allocation for unikernels. We propose front-end/back-end cooperative address space mapping to expose the host memory heterogeneity to unikernels. UCat exploits large pages to reduce the cost of two-layer address translation in virtualization environments, and leverages slab allocation to reduce memory waste due to internal memory fragmentation. We implement UCat based on a popular unikernel--OSv and conduct extensive experiments to evaluate its efficiency. Experimental results show that UCat can reduce the memory consumption of unikernels by 50% and TLB miss rate by 41%, and improve the throughput of real-world benchmarks such as memslap and YCSB by up to 18.5% and 14.8%, respectively.

关键词： unikernel virtualization non-volatile memory heterogeneous memory large page slab allocation

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Resource abstraction and data placement for distributed hybrid memory pool

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2021年第3期15卷 47-57页

作者： Tingting CHEN haikun liu Xiaofei LIAO Hai JIN National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab/Gluster and Grid Computing LabSchool of Gomputing Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

Emerging byte-addressable non-volatile memory(NVM)technologies offer higher density and lower cost than DRAM,at the expense of lower performance and limited write *** have been many studies on hybrid NVM/DRAM memory management in a single physical ***,it is still an open problem on how to manage hybrid memories efficiently in a distributed *** paper proposes Alloy,a memory resource abstraction and data placement strategy for an RDMA-enabled distributed hybrid memory pool(DHMP).Alloy provides simple APIs for applications to utilize DRAM or NVM resource in the DHMP,without being aware of the hardware details of the *** propose a hotness-aware data placement scheme,which combines hot data migration,data replication and write merging together to improve application performance and reduce the cost of *** evaluate Alloy with several micro-benchmark workloads and public benchmark *** results show that Alloy can significantly reduce the DRAM usage in the DHMP by up to 95%,while reducing the total memory access time by up to 57%compared with the state-of-the-art approaches.

关键词： load balance distributed hybrid memory clouds

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近代以来中国城乡建筑美学特征演变研究

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陶瓷 2024年第5期 63-66,159页

作者：刘海坤刘一岩河南建筑职业技术学院郑州450000 黄河生态建设集团有限公司郑州450002

我国城乡正从增量需求向存量改善的方向发展,城市更新与乡村振兴称为当代中国建筑发展的主题。近代以来,中国本土经历了中西方建筑形式的美学交融、民族形式的探索及改革开放后各种建筑美学思潮的涌入,城乡建筑呈现多样化的发展。改革... 详细信息

我国城乡正从增量需求向存量改善的方向发展,城市更新与乡村振兴称为当代中国建筑发展的主题。近代以来,中国本土经历了中西方建筑形式的美学交融、民族形式的探索及改革开放后各种建筑美学思潮的涌入,城乡建筑呈现多样化的发展。改革开放后,经济化的快速发展使得城乡建筑美学在很长的一段时间内呈现无序状态,本土建筑文化及美学特征在很多城乡建筑当中被现代式建筑所代替,城乡面貌出现一致的形态且质量参差不齐。笔者通过对中国近代以来中国城乡建筑的美学特征演变进行研究,试图找到中国城乡建筑在发展过程当中存在的美学问题及成因,为中国本土建筑师提供一定的设计参考。

关键词：中国建筑城乡建筑建筑美学美学演变

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Influence of dysprosium concentration on sensitivity of luminescent thermometers of phosphors Ca_(9)Tb(PO_(4))_(5)(SiO_(4))F_(2)

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Journal of Rare Earths 2021年第8期39卷 946-951页

作者： Jingxue Zhang Lefu Mei Yuanyuan Zhang Qingfeng Guo Libing Liao haikun liu Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes National Laboratory of Mineral MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and TechnologyChina University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China School of Materials Science and Engineering Dongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523808China School of Gemmology China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology Dongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523808China

Tb^(3+),Dy^(3+)-co-doped Ca_(9)Tb_(x)Dy_(1-x)(PO_(4))_(5)(SiO_(4))F_(2) phosphors were prepared via high-temperature solidphase reaction method and the potential application in optical temperature measurements due to their color-tunable property was investigated in *** photoluminescence emission(PL) and photoluminescence excitation(PLE) spectra results show that the as-prepared phosphors exhibit both Tb^(3+) and Dy^(3+) emissions at 546 nm(^(5)D_(4)-^(7)F_(5) transition of Tb^(3+)) and 587 nm(^(4)F_(9/2)-^(6)H_(13/2) transition of Dy^(3+)) upon 376 nm excitation,*** addition,the fluorescence decay analysis shows that the lifetime of the Tb3+emission rapidly decreases,which confirms the energy transfer existence between Dy^(3+) and Tb^(3+).Under 376 nm excitation,the temperature dependence of the fluorescence intensity ratios for the dualmission bands peaked at 546 and 587 nm was studied in the temperature range from 303 to 573 *** results show that with the increase of Dy^(3+) concentration,the relative sensitivity first increases and then decreases,what’s more,the maximum relative sensitivity is 3.142×10^(-3)%/K for Ca_(9)Tb_(x)Dy_(1-x)(PO_(4))_(5)(SiO_(4))F_(2)(x=0.4).As a consequence,this preliminary study provides a novel method for exploring the novel thermo meters.

关键词： Temperature measurement Apatite Fluorescence intensity ratios Phosphor Thermometers Rare earths

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Structure and luminescence properties of color-tunable phosphor Sr_(2)La_(3)(SiO_(4))_(3)F:Tb^(3+),Sm^(3+)

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稀土学报:英文版 2023年第9期41卷 1288-1294,I0001页

作者： haikun liu Kun Nie Yuanyuan Zhang Lefu Mei Dina V.Deyneko Xiaoxue Ma Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering Dongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523808China State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials&Advanced Processing Technology and Hubei Key Laboratory for New Textile Materials and Applications School of Materials Science and EngineeringKey Laboratory of Polyphenylene Sulfide Fiber and Application in Textile IndustryWuhan Textile UniversityWuhan430200China Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes National Laboratory of Mineral MaterialsSchool of Materials Sciences and TechnologyChina University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China School of Materials Sciences and Technology Dongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523808China School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China Department of Chemistry Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119991Russia Laboratory of Arctic Mineralogy and Material Sciences Kola Science CentreRussian Academy of Sciences14 Fersman Str.184209ApatityRussia

A series of single-phase and color-tunable phosphors Sr_(2)La_(3)(SiO_(4))_(3)F:0.15Tb^(3+),xSm^(3+)(SLSOF:0.15Tb^(3+),xSm^(3+)) was prepared using solid-state *** X-ray diffraction(XRD) was used to characterize the phase of the as-prepared *** synthesized phosphors have apatite-type structure without other ***^(3+) and Tb^(3+) ions substitute La^(3+) into the lattice and form a single-phase solid *** elements are evenly distributed in the sample according to the scanning electron microscopy(SEM) *** crystal structure of the host phosphor was refined by the Rietveld *** optical properties were studied in detail by investigation of the luminescence and diffuse spectra,fluorescence decay curves and energy transfer *** phosphor color can be changed from green(0.29,0.48) to yellow/orange and red(0.57,0.42) via adjusting the doping ratio of Sm^(3+).The SLSOF:0.15Tb^(3+),xSm^(3+)phosphors can emit typical multicolor light such as green,yellow,orange and red with gradually increasing Sm^(3+)doping *** results indicate the occurrence of the energy transfer which results in the color-tunable properties of the phosphors.

关键词： Apatite Calcination Phosphor Optical property Luminescence Rare earths

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